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This paper proposes an efficient noise reduction scheme for speech recognition in mobile devices.
In this paper, a novel method of noise reduction for dual-microphone mobile phones is proposed.
We propose a new speech enhancement method suitable for mobile devices used in the presence of various types of noise.
When considering individual listening habits on mobile phones, further study to predict total accumulated environmental noise is still needed.
Extensive simulations and outdoor experiments demonstrate that Ear-Phone is a feasible platform to assess noise pollution, incurring reasonable system resource consumption at mobile devices and providing high reconstruction accuracy of the noise map.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
In-Chul Yoo, Dongsuk Yook 
05 Aug 2009-Etri Journal
34 Citations
This method is suitable for mobile environments where the characteristics of noise may not be known in advance.
Current noise metrics like Leq do not provide a common language to report noise environment to residents, which is a key obstacle to effective noise management and acceptance.

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Amount of decibel noise effect noise surrounding in school every class
5 answers
The noise levels in school environments can significantly impact both students and teachers. Studies have shown that noise levels around educational areas should ideally range from 35 dBA to 55 dBA. However, measurements in various schools have indicated higher noise levels, with some reaching up to 80 dB outdoors and 63 dBA indoors. In a study conducted in Tanzania, noise levels in classrooms ranged from 60.6 to 63.9 dBA, exceeding recommended limits. Additionally, empirical research has shown that children and teachers are exposed to mean sound levels between 65 and 87 dB (A) in schools, potentially leading to hearing loss and mental health issues. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing noise pollution in school surroundings to create a conducive learning environment for all.
How does RFID technology compare to other tracking methods in terms of accuracy and cost-effectiveness?
4 answers
RFID technology offers high accuracy and cost-effectiveness compared to other tracking methods. It enables centimeter-level real-time tracing, making it superior to traditional methods like laser or camera-based approaches due to its unique ID provision, solving ambiguity and occlusion challenges. RFID's accuracy is highlighted in the industry for object tracking, achieving centimeter-level positioning. Additionally, RFID's effectiveness in tracking tangible components and materials is acknowledged, supporting asset tracking in data centers with a proposed method achieving 100% accuracy. The integration of RFID with laser ranging information using a particle filter further enhances tracking accuracy, especially in scenarios involving moving objects. Overall, RFID technology stands out for its precision, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in various tracking applications.
How to quantitavely compare UI designs?
5 answers
To quantitatively compare UI designs, researchers have employed various methods. One approach involves utilizing data-driven quantitative analysis by establishing datasets of mobile UI designs and employing measurable metrics for evaluation. Additionally, researchers have proposed user testing methods that incorporate variables such as utility, functionality, ease of use, consistency, and satisfaction to evaluate GUI designs effectively. Furthermore, studies have highlighted the importance of correlating quantitative metrics with qualitative features to optimize UI design quality reliably. By integrating these approaches, researchers can gain valuable insights into user preferences, perceptual differences between users and designers, and key design attributes that influence subjective evaluations of UI designs.
How effective are different teaching strategies in promoting participation and active listening among students from diverse backgrounds?
5 answers
Different teaching strategies play a crucial role in promoting participation and active listening among students from diverse backgrounds. Active learning approaches, such as those emphasizing student engagement and participation, have been shown to enhance student motivation, critical thinking skills, and academic performance. Educators must adapt their teaching practices to engage digital-native learners effectively, utilizing innovative strategies to meet individual needs. Integrating the advantages of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and traditional teaching modes, Small Private Online Course (SPOC) teaching mode has gained popularity for enhancing student participation through interactive platforms, varied content carriers, and appropriate task difficulty levels. By implementing a mix of these strategies, teachers can create a dynamic learning environment that fosters active participation and listening among students from diverse backgrounds.
How do high-pass filters contribute to reducing noise in Doppler ultrasound images?
4 answers
High-pass filters play a crucial role in reducing noise in Doppler ultrasound images by suppressing thermal noise and tissue clutter. However, their effectiveness is limited when blood signals and tissue clutter overlap in spectra. To address this limitation, alternative approaches like singular value decomposition (SVD) based spatio-temporal filters have been proposed, but they still struggle with tissue motion and thermal noise. A novel technique called Principal Component Pursuit (PCP) has been introduced to remove thermal noise, tissue clutter, and tissue motion artifact in Doppler ultrasound images. PCP involves low-rank approximations of blood signals and projecting signals onto the l1-norm ball, resulting in significant improvements in noise and clutter suppression. Power Doppler images filtered with PCP show up to an 11 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional filters.
How do bone vibration censors work?
5 answers
Bone vibration sensors work by utilizing various technologies to transmit vibrations to the bone structure, enabling sound perception. One approach involves a bone conduction vibrator that synchronizes vibrations produced by a laser beam with sound, transmitting them to auricular cartilage. Another method includes a bone-conduction transducer (BCT) attached to a support structure, where vibrations from the BCT are transmitted to the bone structure through contact with the wearer. Additionally, a bone drilling device for orthopedic surgery utilizes vibration drilling technology to reduce heat generation during cutting processes, enhancing drilling precision through the rigidity effect of the drill bit caused by vibration drilling. These technologies demonstrate how bone vibration sensors can effectively transmit vibrations for sound perception and surgical precision.
How can store a lot of personal data lead to privacy breach?
5 answers
Storing a large amount of personal data can lead to privacy breaches due to various factors. People now store Personally Identifiable Information (PII) not only about themselves but also about others on their mobile devices, leading to People to People (P2P) privacy breaches. The exponential increase in internet users has resulted in vast amounts of data being collected from various sources, posing challenges in maintaining data security and privacy. Additionally, the use of smart devices, which are prone to cyber vulnerabilities, can collect and share personal data with malicious parties, increasing the risk of data breaches. These instances highlight the importance of implementing robust security measures to protect sensitive information and prevent unauthorized access to personal data.
What are the types of mobile physical activity applications?
5 answers
Mobile physical activity applications come in various types, each offering unique features to promote and track physical activity. One type utilizes accelerometry as a practical and cost-effective method for classifying daily activities, providing objective measurements of functional ability. Another type leverages smartphone features like GPS, motion sensing, and social interaction to encourage compliance with protocols and behavior change, ultimately improving health outcomes. Additionally, systems like "e-Gibalec" aim to motivate schoolchildren to be active by tracking their progress and providing feedback to teachers and parents. Furthermore, mHealth applications monitor physical activities for cardiovascular patients, offering personalized feedback and reports to both patients and doctors. Lastly, mobile apps promoting physical activity incorporate gamification elements to increase user retention rates, with studies showing that a richer combination of gamified elements is more effective.
What is the current status of mobile physical activity applications?
5 answers
The current status of mobile physical activity applications indicates a growing trend in utilizing smartphone apps to promote physical activity. These apps often incorporate features like user input, progress tracking, social sharing, and general advice on physical activity, but lack elements such as adaptation, integration with external sources, and gamification for enhanced engagement. Studies show that these applications have high accuracy in assessing physical activity levels and are effective in increasing physical activity and promoting healthy habits. However, there is a drop in adherence rates to these apps within the first three months, highlighting the need for further research through large-scale, long-term randomized control trials to fully understand the impact and effectiveness of mobile app interventions on physical activity levels.
Impacts of overgrazing during the construction phase of a wind farm?
4 answers
During the construction phase of wind farms, overgrazing can occur due to the disturbance caused by the development activities. This disturbance can lead to a decline in the use of migration routes and movement corridors by semi-domesticated free-ranging reindeer, impacting their habitat selection. Additionally, the construction activities associated with wind farms, such as power lines and roads, can cause a reduction in the use of central movement corridors and grazing habitat, leading to increased fragmentation of reindeer calving ranges. Furthermore, the noise pollution generated during the construction and operation stages of offshore wind energy projects can have temporary or permanent effects on marine life, potentially impacting the physiology and behavior of nearby marine organisms. Implementing digital twins for monitoring wind farm construction can help control deviations that may occur during the construction process.
Are transient evoked potential recored using clicks or tone bursts?
4 answers
Transient evoked potentials can be recorded using both clicks and tone bursts. Clicks are commonly used stimuli for transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), while tone bursts have been shown to evoke vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) effectively. Tone bursts, particularly at specific frequencies like 500 Hz, have demonstrated reliable responses with larger amplitudes and better test-retest reliability compared to clicks. Additionally, toneburst-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR) have been utilized to obtain frequency-specific information, especially in difficult-to-test populations, showcasing the potential of tone bursts in assessing auditory processing systems. Therefore, both clicks and tone bursts play crucial roles in recording transient evoked potentials, each offering unique advantages in different auditory and vestibular assessments.