scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

How do you discharge a cathode ray tube? 

Answers from top 10 papers

More filters
Papers (10)Insight
It is concluded that a plasma cathode is formed within the volume confined by the tube and electrons emitted from this region are accelerated in the open part of the gap.
This characteristic is similar with that of the cathode-directed streamer discharge.
This method is useful for applications, such as field-emission lamps and x-ray tubes, which do not require nanofabricated cathode structures.
The effect of processes in the arc column on the cathode part of the discharge in most cases is weak, which is a consequence of the fact that the energy flux coming to the cathode is formed in a thin near-cathode plasma region.
Therefore, it is believed that this model can be used as a design tool in optimizing discharge studies for various applications based on the sputtering of the cathode material.
Discharge formation at low pressure is found to be greatly influenced in the presence of a suitable hollow cathode region.
The results show that the effect of the hollow cathode in discharge initiation is particularly strong at low pressures.
Additionally, evidence provided by Langmuir probes suggests the existence of a double layer essentially separating the hollow cathode plasma column from the main discharge.
An examination of such characteristics has enabled a qualitative theory of the cathode discharge to be proposed, which is consistent with the observed behavior.
The results demonstrate the existence of the hollow cathode effect in the discharge.

See what other people are reading

Impacts refers to?
5 answers
"Impacts" can refer to various concepts based on the context in which it is used. In the educational realm, "impacts" in the context of Co-Creation Learning aim to ensure that knowledge is quickly absorbed and reflected upon to produce tangible effects in reality, particularly in professional development and work performance. In scientometrics, "impact" was initially introduced by E. Garfield in 1955 and has been analyzed to understand its definitions and perceptions, often being associated with influence, strong impressions, pertinence, or technical indicators. In design education, "impact" is explored within the framework of socially and environmentally responsive pedagogies, focusing on the consequences of design practices on complex systems and societies, with students interpreting the term diversely, reflecting an evolving understanding of sustainability and design justice. Additionally, in materials science, the term "IMPACT" is used to describe an experimental facility studying the modification of surfaces under energetic particle beams, with capabilities for in-depth characterization and analysis of compositional changes in materials.
What is research subject?
5 answers
A research subject refers to the individual or entity under study in various fields of research. The term has evolved over time, with a shift towards using 'research participant' in biomedical research to emphasize active involvement rather than passive observation. The selection of research subjects is crucial for the success of a study, involving principles, types, numbers, and common mistakes in selection. In legal and criminal research, the research subject can encompass areas like judicial finance-credit examinations, parole conditions, and criminal legislation applications. Furthermore, in the realm of plasma sources and discharge studies, the research subject may involve unconventional methods like transition of glow discharge into arc discharge or arc initiation using laser radiation to enhance technological capabilities and quality of coatings.
How maldi tof ms is clinically useful in polymicrobial spondylodiscitis?
5 answers
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is clinically useful in polymicrobial spondylodiscitis due to its ability to rapidly and accurately identify a wide range of microorganisms. MALDI-TOF MS can efficiently detect bacteria, fungi, and viruses, aiding in the precise diagnosis of polymicrobial infections. This technology allows for the direct identification of microorganisms from various samples, including blood and cerebrospinal fluid, without the need for prior culture, thereby expediting the diagnostic process. By providing comprehensive information on microbial species, toxins, and antibiotic resistance, MALDI-TOF MS enhances the understanding of polymicrobial infections, facilitating more effective treatment strategies.
How does an Arduino-based water detection system work?
5 answers
An Arduino-based water detection system operates by utilizing various sensors to monitor water quality and levels. The system can detect floods early to save lives, monitor water quality parameters like Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and pH to determine water quality, and even detect leakages in pipelines for domestic water supply. By integrating sensors such as ultrasonic sensors for water level detection, TDS sensors for measuring dissolved solids, pH sensors for hydrogen ion concentration, and water sensors for leak detection, the Arduino system can provide real-time data on water conditions. This data is then processed by the microcontroller and transmitted for display through web or mobile applications, ensuring efficient monitoring and control of water-related issues.
How does temperature affect equilibrum of acid base reaction?
5 answers
Temperature significantly influences the equilibrium of acid-base reactions. As per studies, increasing temperature can cause shifts in ionization constants of acids and bases, favoring smaller volumes and greater entropies. For instance, in the case of L-glutamine, thermodynamic parameters like pK change with temperature variations, affecting the stepwise dissociation process. Moreover, the behavior of pH indicators like m-Cresol Purple in weakly alkaline solutions at elevated temperatures provides insights into acid-base equilibria in geochemical systems. Additionally, equilibrium constants for the dissociation of various compounds in water have been measured at different temperatures, showcasing the impact of temperature on thermodynamic functions like ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° in acid-base reactions.
What are some interesting features of liquid jets?
5 answers
Liquid jets exhibit various intriguing features based on the research data provided. These include the ability to generate a continuous cylindrical water jet at high vacuum conditions for laser-driven ion acceleration and x-ray generation experiments. Liquid jet devices can be designed to create precise patterns by discharging liquid in specific directions, forming rows of dots with controlled spacing. Liquid jet discharge devices utilize impulse force impartation to control the ejection of liquid, ensuring efficient operation with a contact angle less than 90°. Liquid jet nozzles incorporate elastically deformable membranes that automatically adjust the passage cross-section based on liquid pressure changes, allowing for dynamic flow control. Liquid jet apparatuses can feature complex structures like pressure chambers, piezoelectric layers, and metallic films for precise liquid ejection mechanisms.
What are the different possible anaylsis or characterization methods for hard carbon materials for lithium ion batteries?
5 answers
Various analysis and characterization methods for hard carbon materials used in lithium-ion batteries include FTIR, 13C NMR, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, and other characterization tools. Additionally, ex situ Raman spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy are employed to investigate the structural and interfacial properties of hard carbon matrices in silicon-based anodes. For activated hard carbons derived from waste biomasses, characterization techniques such as SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy are utilized to evaluate the effects of activation processes. Moreover, the preparation and characterization of novel core-shell structure hard carbon/Si-carbon composites involve assessing their electrochemical performance as anode materials, highlighting the importance of shell coatings and composite structures for enhanced battery performance.
What is the cation mixing for the layered materials?
5 answers
Cation mixing in layered materials refers to the phenomenon of transition metal and lithium site mixing within the cathode structures. Studies have shown that preferred cationic mixing occurs in layered oxides like Li4MSbO6, leading to structural changes and enhanced properties. The thermal properties of layered compounds have also been linked to cation substitution, affecting thermal diffusivity and conductivity due to interactions among phonon branches and electron lone pairs. Additionally, interfacial ion mixing in metal/Al thin-film bilayers under irradiation has been observed, indicating complex mixing behaviors not fully explained by existing models. Overall, understanding and controlling cation mixing in layered materials are crucial for optimizing battery performance and structural stability.
What is the relationship between the interaction of X-rays with matter and the Compton effect?
5 answers
The interaction of X-rays with matter involves various phenomena depending on the energy and nature of the material. X-rays can undergo Compton scattering, where an X-ray photon scatters off an electron, leading to a shift in wavelength. This effect is crucial in probing electron momentum distributions in both gas-phase and condensed-matter samples. Additionally, the sensitivity of X-ray scattering methods is not influenced by the sample's surface quality and increases with decreasing atomic number of impurities, making it valuable for chemical and phase analysis. The classical wave theory quantitatively describes X-ray interactions, linking scattering and absorption through formalisms like the Kramers-Kronig relations. Overall, the Compton effect plays a significant role in understanding X-ray interactions with matter, especially in high-intensity scenarios where ionization effects become prominent.
What is the role of ionomer percentage in catalyst flaking off in AEM?
5 answers
The ionomer percentage in the catalyst layer of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) plays a crucial role in preventing catalyst flaking off.A study on AEMWEs highlighted that optimizing the ionomer content in the anode catalyst layer at 7 wt% prevents mass transport limitations while ensuring proper catalyst binding, thus reducing the risk of catalyst detachment.Additionally, the interaction between ionomers and catalyst particles directly impacts the structure and morphology of the catalyst layer, influencing its mechanical stability and performance.Properly balancing the ionomer content is essential to maintain stable performance and durability of AEMFCs, as excessive or insufficient ionomer can lead to catalyst detachment and degradation of the fuel cell components. This emphasizes the critical role of ionomer percentage in mitigating catalyst flaking off in AEMs.
How can a portable ionization chamber be designed and implemented for effective environmental radiation monitoring?
5 answers
A portable ionization chamber for environmental radiation monitoring can be designed by incorporating essential components like a radiation sensor, data processing circuit, wireless transmission circuit, and power management circuit within a compact shell. The ionization chamber should consist of high-voltage electrodes, a collector, and insulators for accurate radiation detection. To ensure precise measurements, corrections for gas density, recombination, and polarity effects must be considered. The design should focus on achieving a wide dynamic range, low current measurement capabilities, and minimal error in dose rate measurements. Additionally, the device should have features like real-time online monitoring, alarm systems for exceeding standard doses, and loss of radiation source alerts for effective radiation monitoring.