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They also highlight the benefits of a simple countermeasure such as noise cancelling headphones in mitigating some of the detrimental effects of noise on performance.
The beneficial effects of noise cancelling headphones in improving the signal to noise ratio led to an improved performance for nonnative speakers.
In the work reported here it has been shown that the statistical and spectral analyses techniques which fail to detect and diagnose faults because of a poor signal to noise ratio can be made effective by using an adaptive noise cancelling technique.
The results indicate that coupler responses and dummy-head responses are not identical to actual-ear responses in most models, open-air type headphones have poor sound shielding ability, and the harmonic distortion and phase characteristics of all headphones tested are not problematic.
We show that noise cancelling can be improved if the multiple origins of noise are taken into account.

Related Questions

How does acoustic reflex testing work?5 answersAcoustic reflex testing involves measuring the acoustic reflex thresholds (ART) and middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR) responses to assess auditory function. These tests can help evaluate the site of lesion, differentiate cochlear from retrocochlear pathologies, and investigate effects of noise exposure and ototoxicity on auditory function. The wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) technique allows for a comprehensive evaluation across a wide frequency range, providing benefits such as lower ARTs and automated MEMR identification. Additionally, acoustic reflex shifts in absorbed sound power can objectively determine the presence of reflex effects, aiding in clinical diagnosis and monitoring of middle-ear and cochlear function in both infants and adults. These tests play a crucial role in understanding auditory responses and potential auditory deficits related to various factors.
What is the importance of testing in acoustic properties?3 answersTesting in acoustic properties is important for various reasons. Acoustic testing allows for the evaluation of material, component, or system properties without causing damage, making it a non-destructive testing method. Acoustic material testing is particularly relevant in industries where noise control and sound quality are important aspects of product design. Acoustic measurements can provide valuable engineering data, such as sound absorption, which is related to structural factors in various fields, including building and construction. Additionally, testing acoustic properties can be used to examine the acoustic ambience in open spaces with combined noise sources, allowing for the measurement of reverberation time and other acoustic parameters. Overall, testing in acoustic properties is crucial for assessing the quality and characteristics of materials, optimizing product design, and understanding the acoustic behavior of different environments.
How to test noise reduction systems?3 answersNoise reduction systems can be tested using various methods. One approach involves using a test control device connected to a test box, where noise data is obtained by scanning the equipment under test with a probing rod/pin. Another method involves employing analog filters and corresponding inverse digital filters within the system to reduce noise introduced during signal processing. These filters can be adjusted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Additionally, a method for noise reduction involves determining image blocks in a group of continuous frames and applying spatial and temporal domain filtering intensities to target pixels. By following these testing methods, the effectiveness of noise reduction systems can be evaluated and optimized.
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Are transient evoked potential recored using clicks or tone bursts?
4 answers
Transient evoked potentials can be recorded using both clicks and tone bursts. Clicks are commonly used stimuli for transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), while tone bursts have been shown to evoke vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) effectively. Tone bursts, particularly at specific frequencies like 500 Hz, have demonstrated reliable responses with larger amplitudes and better test-retest reliability compared to clicks. Additionally, toneburst-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR) have been utilized to obtain frequency-specific information, especially in difficult-to-test populations, showcasing the potential of tone bursts in assessing auditory processing systems. Therefore, both clicks and tone bursts play crucial roles in recording transient evoked potentials, each offering unique advantages in different auditory and vestibular assessments.
What type of generation cause transient evoked otoacoustic emissions?
4 answers
Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are primarily generated by coherent reflection near the characteristic place of constituent wave components on the basilar membrane, as suggested by various studies. The cochlea's tonotopic organization plays a crucial role, with high-frequency emissions returning earlier than low frequencies due to this organization. However, the random nature of coherent reflection leads to fluctuations in the instantaneous frequency (IF) and amplitude envelope of TEOAEs. Additionally, multiple reflection components and synchronized spontaneous emissions can further complicate the extraction of IF using linear transforms. These findings highlight the complex nature of TEOAE generation mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of considering nonlinear time-frequency analysis techniques for accurate assessment and understanding of TEOAEs.
What is relationship between noise annoyance level and noise sensitivity?
5 answers
The relationship between noise annoyance level and noise sensitivity is intricate and multifaceted. Studies have shown that noise sensitivity moderates the association between environmental noise exposure and annoyance, affecting health outcomes. Individuals with higher noise sensitivity tend to experience elevated annoyance levels in response to various noise types, such as road traffic noise and aircraft overflights. Moreover, noise sensitivity has been linked to increased psychological ill-health, especially when exposed to road traffic noise, highlighting its role in influencing subjective responses to noise. Overall, high noise sensitivity can amplify noise annoyance levels and contribute to a poorer subjective health status, emphasizing the importance of considering individual differences in noise sensitivity when assessing the impact of environmental noise on well-being.
How cmos sensor works?
5 answers
A CMOS sensor operates by converting light into electrical signals through a pixel structure containing a photodetector, a nonlinear resistance, and a transfer MOS transistor. This sensor can sense various environmental factors like pressure, humidity, and acceleration using a dual quantization capacitance-to-digital converter structure. Additionally, a CMOS-MEMS integrated humidity sensor combines a CMOS ASIC reading-out circuit with a MEMS humidity sensor for stable operation under varying conditions. In a stacked CMOS image sensor, multiple semiconductor chips are interconnected through metal-insulator-metal capacitors, enhancing functionality and connectivity. Furthermore, a method for operating a pixel array in a CMOS image sensor involves generating voltage signals and performing readout operations at specific times to capture and process image data effectively.
What are the underlying physiological mechanisms that contribute to individual differences in noise sensitivity?
5 answers
Individual differences in noise sensitivity are influenced by various physiological mechanisms. Studies have revealed that noise-sensitive individuals exhibit altered sound feature encoding and attenuated discrimination of sound noisiness in the auditory cortex, indicating central auditory system abnormalities. Additionally, noise sensitivity is associated with less sensory gating, leading to heightened reactivity to sound stimuli. Variable timing in the inferior colliculus has been linked to reduced coding of dynamic speech features and speech in noise, impacting listening skills. Furthermore, listening to speech in noise can engage frontal cortical regions associated with cognitive effort and anxiety, particularly in noise-sensitive individuals, highlighting the interplay between cognitive control and emotional responses in noisy environments. These findings collectively underscore the complex interplay of neural processes underlying individual differences in noise sensitivity.
Comparison on levels of occupational noise between authorised service centre and general workshop?
5 answers
A comparison of occupational noise levels between an authorized service center and a general workshop reveals significant differences in exposure and potential impacts. The use of digital signal processing in noise measurement instruments has enhanced measurement capabilities, leading to confusion in reporting values under different standards. Studies on threshold hearing levels of workers exposed to varying noise levels show increased hearing losses with higher noise exposure, particularly at 4000 Hz frequency. Research on work stress in electronic companies highlights higher stress levels in clean workshops compared to ordinary ones, especially among males, indicating a potential correlation with occupational noise levels. This emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing occupational noise exposure variations between different work environments.
How ambulatory blood pressure monitor absorb noise compared to OBPM?
5 answers
Ambulatory blood pressure monitors (ABPM) utilize various noise absorption techniques compared to oscillometric blood pressure monitors (OBPM). ABPM devices, such as those described in Context_1 and Context_2, employ advanced signal processing methods to filter out background noise effectively. For instance, ABPM systems incorporate high-pass and low-pass filters to enhance signal quality and reduce noise interference. Additionally, ABPM devices, like the one in Context_4, analyze noise signals based on specific waveform parameters to identify Korotkoff noises, which are crucial for accurate blood pressure calculation. These noise absorption mechanisms in ABPM devices contribute to more reliable and precise blood pressure measurements compared to traditional OBPM devices.
What can students do to address noise in terms of Operations of Algebraic Expressions?
5 answers
To address noise in terms of Operations of Algebraic Expressions, students can apply noise filtering techniques like the high gain observer (HGO) approach, which is effective in controlling perturbed systems. Additionally, for recognizing mathematical expressions, students can utilize segmentation methods involving pre-processing, segmentation, and post-processing stages to reduce noise effects and improve recognition outcomes. Moreover, in signal analysis problems related to noise, the concept of noise operators can be employed to analyze signal in noise scenarios, especially in radar and sonar applications. By implementing these strategies, students can enhance their understanding and accuracy when working with algebraic expressions in the presence of noise.
What are the effects of refrigerant charge amount on the vibration and noise of refrigeration systems?
5 answers
The refrigerant charge amount significantly impacts the vibration and noise levels in refrigeration systems. Studies have shown that different refrigerants lead to varying vibration and noise performances in sealed reciprocating compressors, with values closely related to the type of refrigerant used. Additionally, the cooling performance of a transcritical cycle is greatly affected by the refrigerant charge amount, with undercharging conditions leading to increased expansion losses and higher noise levels. Furthermore, optimizing the refrigerant charge amount is crucial for heat pump systems, as it influences the condensing pressure, subcooling, and ultimately the coefficient of performance (COP) of the system, highlighting the importance of charge optimization for system efficiency and noise reduction.
Why use gaussian noise in cGAN model?
5 answers
Gaussian noise is utilized in conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) models for various reasons. Firstly, the application of additive Gaussian noise in GANs can enhance convergence speed. Secondly, Gaussian noise is crucial for simulating real-world noise scenarios accurately, especially in the context of image denoising using deep learning models. Additionally, Gaussian noise models play a significant role in evaluating the impact of factors like inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering on optical Kerr nonlinearity in transmission systems, providing a more accurate representation of signal power profiles along the link. Lastly, Gaussian noise can also be leveraged to address issues related to posterior approximation accuracy in generative models like Variational Autoencoders, offering a principled approach to handling uncertainty in posterior approximation.
Overview of Hearing Loss in Teenagers?
5 answers
Hearing loss in teenagers is a growing concern due to various factors such as exposure to high volumes from headphones and environmental noise like concerts and discos. Studies show that hearing impairment in school-aged children and adolescents can have significant impacts on academic success and quality of life, with prevalence ranging from 0.88% to 46.70%. Adolescents with deafness face unique challenges, including limited access to information and biased attitudes, affecting their self-esteem and identity development. Research on 13-year-old adolescents in the Netherlands revealed a prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) at 6.4% and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) at 12.4%, with SNHL decreasing but NIHL increasing between ages 9 and 13. Early detection, prevention strategies, and support systems are crucial in addressing hearing loss issues in teenagers.