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How do you unlock dark matter in MW?

Symmetry (physics)

Physics beyond the Standard Model

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Implications of two-component dark matter induced by forbidden channels and thermal freeze-out Mayumi Aoki, Takashi Toma, Takashi Toma - Show less +2 more 20 Jan 2017-Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 22 Citations	We find that interesting implications emerge between the two dark matter components in this framework.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Anisotropic dark matter distribution functions and impact on WIMP direct detection Nassim Bozorgnia, Riccardo Catena, Thomas Schwetz - Show less +2 more 23 Dec 2013-Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 101 Citations	We find that the allowed regions in the dark matter mass-cross section plane as indicated by possible hints for a dark matter signal reported by several experiments as well as conflicting exclusion limits from other experiments shift in a similar way when the halo model is varied.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Coscattering/Coannihilation Dark Matter in a Fraternal Twin Higgs Model Hsin-Chia Cheng, Hsin-Chia Cheng, Lingfeng Li, Rui Zheng - Show less +3 more 30 May 2018-arXiv: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology	We show that the right amount of dark matter can be obtained in various scenarios in different regions of the parameter space.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI DarkSUSY: Computing Supersymmetric Dark Matter Properties Numerically Paolo Gondolo, Joakim Edsjö, Piero Ullio, Lars Bergström, Mia Schelke, Edward A. Baltz - Show less +5 more 08 Jun 2004-arXiv: Astrophysics 78 Citations	Accelerator bounds can be checked to identify viable dark matter candidates.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Constraining the properties of dark matter with observations of the cosmic microwave background Daniel Thomas, Michael Kopp, Constantinos Skordis - Show less +2 more 19 Oct 2016-The Astrophysical Journal 32 Citations	We find that the GDM parameters are consistent with zero, and are strongly constrained, showing no evidence for extending the dark matter model beyond the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) paradigm.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Multi-component scalar dark matter from a $Z_N$ symmetry: a systematic analysis Carlos E. Yaguna, Óscar Zapata - Show less +1 more 13 Nov 2019-arXiv: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 22 Citations	Within this framework, many new models for multi-component dark matter can be implemented.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI A Strong Test of the Dark Matter Origin of the 1.4 TeV DAMPE Signal Using IceCube Neutrinos Yue Zhao, Ke Fang, Meng Su, M. Coleman Miller - Show less +3 more 08 Dec 2017-arXiv: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena 16 Citations	We demonstrate that generic dark matter models can be decisively tested by the existing IceCube data.

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Dark photons and dark neutrinos are the same or sterile neutrinos?

Dark photons and dark neutrinos are distinct entities. Dark photons are hypothetical particles associated with dark matter interactions, while sterile neutrinos are neutrino variants that do not participate in weak interactions. Sterile neutrinos can be involved in dark matter scenarios, acting as mediators between dark matter and the Standard Model sector. On the other hand, dark photons are typically linked to new forces interacting with dark matter, potentially explaining anomalies like the muon's anomalous magnetic moment. Therefore, while sterile neutrinos can play a role in dark matter models, dark photons are more related to new forces and interactions within the dark sector, highlighting the distinction between these two hypothetical particles.Dark photons and dark neutrinos can acting as mediators between dark matter and the Standard Model sector?

Dark photons and dark neutrinos can indeed act as mediators between dark matter and the Standard Model sector. In the context of dark sectors interacting with the Standard Model, dark photons can serve as messengers through their interactions, while dark neutrinos can also play a crucial role in connecting the dark sector to the Standard Model via specific couplings and decay processes. These mediator particles facilitate the exchange of information and energy between the dark matter and visible sectors, impacting various observable phenomena such as cosmological observables, collider signatures, and experimental constraints from neutrino detectors. The inclusion of dark photons and dark neutrinos as mediators provides a comprehensive framework for studying the interactions between dark matter and the Standard Model, offering insights into the fundamental nature of the universe.What are the potential applications of nuclear chirality in the field of nuclear physics?

Nuclear chirality, as observed in various contexts, presents intriguing applications in nuclear physics. It influences phenomena such as neutrino propagation in hot neutron matter, photon emission in quark-gluon plasma, and the interpretation of nuclear structures like the isomeric bandhead in Cs-128. Additionally, chiral-induced spin selectivity effects impact enantioselective responses in NMR studies, enabling nondestructive enantioselective detection techniques. Furthermore, the formalism developed for calculating two-body matrix elements of chiral two-nucleon forces using Gaussian-wave packets opens avenues for understanding clustering phenomena in nuclear systems. These diverse applications highlight the significance of nuclear chirality in elucidating fundamental nuclear processes and structures.Who creates dark web?

The dark web is primarily created by individuals and organizations who host websites that can only be accessed through special anonymizing software like the Tor package. This hidden part of the internet has become a haven for various activities, including criminal enterprises that take advantage of the anonymity provided by the dark web and the use of anonymous cryptocurrency payments. While law enforcement struggles to track down these hidden sites, most successful actions against them have been due to operational mistakes made by the administrators of these sites. The dark web's structure and accessibility through specialized tools like Tor contribute to its elusive nature, making it challenging for authorities to monitor and regulate effectively.What are the implications of using the Boltzmann equation to study thermal DM relics?

Using the Boltzmann equation to study thermal dark matter (DM) relics has significant implications. The Boltzmann equation allows for the calculation of relic abundances by considering various factors like equilibrium values, resonances, and threshold effects. Studies have shown that the approximation of relic density through the Boltzmann equation is valid under certain conditions, with comparisons made to freeze-out approximations commonly used in the literature. Additionally, the precision numerical computations enabled by the Boltzmann equation help in understanding the momentum-dependent distribution of cosmic relic particles, highlighting the importance of kinetic equilibrium and interactions in accurate relic density predictions. Furthermore, more accurate treatments involving higher moments of the Boltzmann equation or fully numerical solutions of the phase-space distribution function can significantly impact the predicted dark matter abundance, emphasizing the complexity and sensitivity of such calculations.What is a leptoquark scalar?

A leptoquark scalar is a hypothetical particle that directly couples quarks to leptons, potentially bridging interactions between them. These particles have gained attention due to their ability to address flavor anomalies observed in processes like b → sl+l−, b → cτν, and the muon's anomalous magnetic moment. Leptoquark scalars can generate effects in various processes, including Z → l+l−, Z → $$ v\overline{v} $$, W → lν, and h → l+l−, and even induce lepton flavor violating decays like l → l′γ and Z → l+l′−. These particles are crucial in extending the Standard Model to explain discrepancies between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements in particle physics phenomena.What is the current understanding on the sources and mechanisms of high energy neutrinos in the cosmos?

The current understanding of high-energy neutrinos in the cosmos revolves around their role as probes of astroparticle and high-energy physics, offering insights into fundamental physics beyond the Standard Model and their sources, which are often opaque to electromagnetic radiation. Recent observations suggest an extragalactic origin for the TeV–PeV energy range neutrino flux, potentially stemming from distant sources like active galaxies. Strong gravitational lensing by galaxy-scale deflectors can affect the observations of high-energy neutrinos, influencing the identification of multiply imaged events and the evaluation of production mechanisms. The challenge of identifying these sources is discussed in the context of frequentist and Bayesian arguments, questioning the reliability of current observations at a 3σ level.What is atmospheric neutrinos ?

Atmospheric neutrinos are neutrinos produced by interactions of cosmic rays with the Earth's atmosphere. They serve as a unique tool for studying neutrino oscillations, exotic phenomena beyond the Standard Model, and as a background for astrophysical neutrino measurements. Next-generation detectors are enhancing precision, but flux uncertainties persist due to limited measurements in the very forward region of hadronic particle production. These neutrinos are crucial for understanding the composition of primary cosmic rays and solar density, acting as a background for dark matter searches towards the Sun. Current and future water(ice)-Cherenkov experiments like Super-Kamiokande and IceCube-Upgrade aim to resolve neutrino properties such as the mass ordering, θ13, and the CP-violating phase, providing essential insights for upcoming experiments like DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande.How do physical constraints affect the feasibility of different analytical solutions?

Physical constraints play a crucial role in determining the feasibility of different analytical solutions in various scientific domains. In cosmology, constraints derived from the second law of thermodynamics and the positivity of entropy are utilized to limit the equation-of-state parameter space for dark energy-dark matter interactions. Additionally, in modified gravity models, the imposition of physical relationships among model parameters ensures internal consistency and viability, aiding in the analytical solution of cosmological functions. Moreover, joint inversion techniques in geophysics integrate different data types while imposing physical constraints, enhancing the reliability and physical coherence of the final multi-parametric models. These examples highlight how incorporating physical constraints not only refines analytical solutions but also ensures their validity and applicability in diverse scientific investigations.How do structure surveys contribute to the development of theories and hypotheses in various fields of study?

Structure surveys play a pivotal role in the development of theories and hypotheses across various fields of study by providing a systematic method to collect and analyze data, thereby uncovering underlying patterns, relationships, and causal mechanisms. In the realm of physical structures, surveys are utilized to define specific parameters and optimize sensor placement for monitoring, as demonstrated by Mancini Simona's method, which employs advanced algorithms to maximize data collection efficiency. This approach can be instrumental in developing theories related to structural integrity and dynamics. In the sciences, particularly in understanding causal relationships, structure surveys are essential. They enable researchers to discover causal relationships from data through structure discovery methods, which are crucial for advancing scientific knowledge and human intelligence. This is further exemplified in the field of astronomy, where surveys of galaxy clusters provide insights into the universe's structure, testing models of structure formation and contributing to our understanding of dark matter and dark energy. Similarly, galaxy surveys have seen a renaissance, offering unprecedented data volumes that underpin high-precision cosmology, thereby informing theories about the universe's evolution. In mathematics and theoretical computer science, structure surveys in semigroup rings help construct resolutions and derive formulae for Betti Numbers and Hilbert Functions, contributing to the development of algebraic theories. Surveys also shed light on the structure of groups definable in theories of fields, impacting Diophantine geometry and model theory applications. In the context of subterranean exploration, survey apparatuses equipped with electromagnetic sensing elements facilitate the study of underground structures, influencing theories in geology and archaeology. Lastly, in social sciences and psychometrics, structure surveys help uncover causal relations among latent variables, despite the challenges posed by unmeasured variables, thereby aiding in the formulation of hypotheses in econometrics, sociology, and beyond. Collectively, these applications underscore the indispensable role of structure surveys in fostering theoretical advancements across disciplines.How does Devika Sangwan's PhD thesis contribute to the existing literature in the field?

Devika Sangwan's PhD thesis contributes to the existing literature by emphasizing the importance of studying the social danger of crime as a feedback element for changes in criminal law, aiming to enhance the quality of laws adopted. Sangwan's research highlights that understanding social danger is crucial for justifying criminalization, decriminalization, or adjusting responsibility levels. Additionally, Sangwan's work aligns with the growing trend of using active research methodologies to positively represent marginalized groups, as seen in African feminist studies utilizing innovative techniques like playback theatre and image theatre to engage participants and share their stories effectively. By focusing on the significance of social danger in criminal law and employing engaging research methodologies, Sangwan's thesis enriches the literature by offering insights into legal reforms and marginalized narratives.