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How many neurons does an octopus have? 

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It is proposed that functional localization at the synapse is less precise in octopus than vertebrates.
This finding provides independent evidence that tuberculoventral neurons do not innervate the octopus cell area and indicates that the octopus cell area is anatomically and functionally distinct.
The present experiments show that it is not the biophysical and pharmacological properties but the magnitude of the K(+) conductances that make octopus cells unusual.
In this paper, I present the octopus as a highly successful biological organism in which it is plausible that the unified model of consciousness does not hold.
Our results showed that an onset response can be generated in the absence of neuronal circuitry of any form, thus suggesting that the onset response in octopus cells is regulated intrinsically.

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