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How many transistors did the Intel Pentium processor have in 1982? 

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Proceedings ArticleDOI
22 Jun 2001
60 Citations
In the case of the Pentium(R) 4 processor, the microarchitecture is significantly more complex than any previous IA-32 microprocessor and the implementation borrows almost nothing from any previous implementation.
The exponential growth in processor performance seems to have reached a turning point.
The estimated model implies that Intel's introduction of its Pentium M chip contributed significantly to the growth of the mobile PC segment and to consumer welfare.
Open accessProceedings ArticleDOI
R. Carter, J. Laroco, R. Armstrong 
06 Aug 1996
20 Citations
The results show that the current Pentium 90 MHz CPU and motherboards used are well within that of many low end workstations offered by traditional workstation vendors.
I also find that the Pentium M crowded out the Pentium III and Pentium 4 technologies, and that the benefits to consumers from keeping those older products on the shelf would have been comparable to the added fixed costs.
The comparison favors the Intel design, since the silicon area of an ASIC implementation of the 64-processor XMT design is the same as that of a single core.
Our study shows that, compared to the previous generation of Intel processors, the problem of performance variation has become worse on more recent generation of Intel processors.
This paper exhibits an undocumented fact that 64-bit right shifts and 64-bit rotations are extremely slow on Pentium 4, which often leads to serious and unavoidable performance penalties in programming encryption primitives on this processor.

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