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The proposed structures reduce the number of the transistors considerably and have very high driving capability.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
25 Mar 2008
7 Citations
This allows a reduction on the number of needed transistors to implement a circuit.
Open accessProceedings ArticleDOI
24 Sep 2005
47 Citations
On the other hand, a further increase in the number of transistors on a single chip enables integrated hardware support for functions that formerly were restricted to the software domain.
Open accessProceedings ArticleDOI
15 Mar 2016
24 Citations
The calibrated DD gives us the capability to simulate statistical variability in nanowire transistors of the 5nm node and beyond accurately and efficiently.
The devices have a measured cutoff frequency of 27 GHz, making them the fastest silicon p-n-p bipolar transistors reported to date.
These results represent the shortest channel length n-channel and ambipolar organic transistors that have been fabricated.
By adding a modest amount of extra resources, we achieve 100% yield for systems built out of devices with 38% variation, the ITRS prediction for threshold variation in 5nm transistors.
The chip has a novel wiring structure in which all pixels are connected through the channel of MOS transistors, which simplifies a wiring structure compared with conventional resistive networks.

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What are the design considerations for low-power operational transconductance amplifiers in biomedical applications?
5 answers
Low-power operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) for biomedical applications require careful design considerations. Various techniques have been proposed to achieve low power consumption and high performance. For instance, techniques like enhanced bootstrapping linearization, current reuse cascode design, and composite flipped voltage follower with partial positive feedbackhave been suggested. These designs operate at low supply voltages, offer high gain, low power dissipation, and improved linearity. Additionally, incorporating features like fixed gain, ultra-low input noise, and self-biasing mechanismscan further enhance the efficiency of OTAs in amplifying weak bio-potential signals. Overall, the focus lies on achieving a balance between power consumption, linearity, gain, and other performance metrics to meet the stringent requirements of biomedical applications.
How to detect dissolved CO2 jn ethanol?
5 answers
To detect dissolved CO2 in ethanol, various methods can be employed based on the principles outlined in the research papers. One approach involves utilizing a colorimetric assay with gold nanoparticles that undergo aggregation in the presence of dissolved CO2, leading to a measurable color change. Another method involves the use of a microfluidic optoelectronic sensor containing ion-exchange polymeric microbeads doped with halochromic dyes, providing selective detection of dissolved CO2 with no cross-sensitivity to other sources of acidity. Additionally, a portable tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) system integrated with a headspace equilibrator can be utilized for real-time detection of dissolved CO2 in ethanol, offering high spatiotemporal resolution and rapid response times. These methods collectively provide efficient and sensitive means for detecting dissolved CO2 in ethanol.
What names are applied to the two types of BJT transistors?
5 answers
The two types of Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are named based on the arrangement of semiconductor materials within them. The first type is called NPN, which stands for Negative-Positive-Negative, while the second type is known as PNP, which stands for Positive-Negative-Positive. In an NPN transistor, the switch turns on when a current flows through the base, whereas in a PNP transistor, the switch turns on when there is no current through the base. These configurations are essential in determining the behavior and functionality of the transistors, influencing their applications in amplification, switching, and digital circuit elements.
What is application or daily use of adder and subtractor?
5 answers
Adder and subtractor circuits play a crucial role in digital circuits for performing arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction. These circuits are essential components in processors, where the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) utilizes them for executing mathematical functions. In the realm of quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), novel adder/subtractor designs have been proposed, leveraging the benefits of quantum technology for efficient and cost-effective computing systems. Additionally, the Universal Verification Methodology (UVM) is employed for verifying the functionality of adder-subtractor circuits, offering automation and ease of building verification environments. Overall, adder and subtractor circuits find widespread application in daily computing tasks, ensuring accurate and reliable arithmetic calculations in various digital systems.
How does temperature could result to more radiation?
5 answers
Temperature can influence radiation emission in various ways. Higher temperatures lead to increased energy emission from objects, with visible energy emitted around 650°C. For instance, in the case of parametric x-ray radiation (PXR) from a Si crystal bombarded by electrons, cooling the crystal to liquid-nitrogen temperature enhances radiation intensity compared to room temperature. Moreover, studies on human peripheral blood lymphocytes show that aberration frequency post-irradiation is significantly higher at 37°C compared to 5°C, indicating a temperature-dependent effect on radiation-induced damage. Additionally, research on radiation absorption in living tissues at different temperatures suggests that radiation effects may be more pronounced at higher temperatures, highlighting the potential risks of combining elevated temperatures with x-radiation, especially in patients with body temperatures around 40°C.
What are the challenges in single molecular electronics can large language model can solve?
5 answers
Challenges in single-molecule electronics, such as connecting molecules between wires for device functionality, persist despite advancements in theory and experiment. Machine learning models, like MoLFormer, trained on vast unlabeled molecular datasets, offer a solution by providing accurate property predictions with reduced complexity. These models, leveraging transformer-based language learning, outperform traditional supervised methods by capturing structural information from SMILES sequences of billions of molecules. MoLFormer's ability to learn spatial relationships between atoms within molecules enables it to predict various molecular properties, including quantum-chemical properties, showcasing the potential of large language models in addressing challenges in single-molecule electronics and advancing fields like drug discovery and material design.
Why are portable devices important?
5 answers
Portable devices are crucial due to their innovative features and functionalities. They enhance user experience by incorporating advanced technologies like light guiding components for improved display proportions, wireless connectivity for seamless communication in videoconferencing systems, and efficient power management through contactless charging and reflective displays. Additionally, the design of portable electronic devices is optimized for user convenience, with features like multi-folding structures for adjustable positioningand integrated storage solutions for earpiece units, reducing the risk of loss or misplacement. These aspects collectively highlight the significance of portable devices in modern lifestyles, offering mobility, versatility, and enhanced functionality to users.
How to connect different type of PV module in one string?
4 answers
To connect different types of PV modules in one string, various methods and apparatus can be utilized. One approach involves categorizing the modules into partitions, generating candidate connection solutions for each partition, and selecting the optimal solution based on estimated cable use. Another method includes arranging photovoltaic module regions sequentially, with each region comprising battery strings connected to bypass diodes in series, enhancing power generation efficiency. Additionally, employing a photovoltaic converter module string with boost-buck circuits and controllers can effectively manage voltage distribution and prevent damage to bypass diodes. Furthermore, utilizing buffer pads between cells in a photovoltaic cell string can prevent subfissures and simplify the structure. By following specific arrangement modes like consistent chamfer angles during series connection and integration, a monocrystal half-piece photovoltaic module string can be efficiently assembled.
What is advantage of immunosensor?
5 answers
Immunosensors offer several advantages over conventional methods for pathogen and toxin detection. They do not require highly trained personnel for operation, are quick, highly selective, and sensitive, and have the potential to significantly enhance diagnostic processes. In the case of Rituximab (RTX) monitoring, immunosensors provide a feasible alternative to chromatographic methods and immunoassays, offering affordability, label-free detection, and high sensitivity for on-site monitoring. Moreover, in the context of SARS-CoV-2 detection, immunosensors demonstrate high performance in terms of rapid and precise virus detection, without the need for polymerase chain reaction tests or labeling, showcasing their potential for efficient and accurate diagnostics. Overall, immunosensors present a promising solution for various detection applications due to their speed, sensitivity, selectivity, and ease of use.
Amorphous sillicon photodiode'
5 answers
An amorphous silicon photodiode is a key component in various optoelectronic devices. It typically consists of a photodiode structure with an amorphous silicon layer, electrodes, and sometimes additional layers for improved performance. The use of amorphous silicon in photodiodes offers advantages such as ease of fabrication and compatibility with large-scale production processes. To enhance the efficiency and reduce dark current in amorphous silicon devices, techniques like incorporating nitrogen-doped indium tin oxide films or barrier metal films made of high-melting point metals have been proposed. These innovations aim to improve the overall performance and reliability of amorphous silicon photodiodes for various applications in light detection and energy conversion technologies.
What is the number of studies on memcapacitor emulator in the literature?
5 answers
There are five studies on memcapacitor emulators in the literature. These studies propose innovative designs for memcapacitor emulators using various components such as current feedback amplifiers, analog multipliers, resistors, and capacitors. The emulators are designed to operate at high frequencies, exhibit non-volatility behavior, and are robust against mismatch and process variations. Additionally, the studies demonstrate the expandability of memcapacitor circuits using memristors and mutators, enabling the construction of complex circuit configurations. The proposed emulators have been validated through simulations, experimental verifications, and post-layout analyses, showcasing their efficiency, low power consumption, and applicability in practical applications like neuromorphic computing.