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“A lot” might be the straight answer of a politician.
We estimate that India is potentially spending about US$2.4 million annually on APCs paid to OA journals and the amount would be much more if we add APCs paid to make papers published in hybrid journals open access.
It is not that money in elections is bad per se, that there is too much money, that wealthy candidates are spending enormous sums of their own money, or that special interests are buying governmental officials and policies.
The variance decomposition analysis shows that among all the financial indicators, broad money supply (M3) has the largest contribution to changes in human development in India.
These perspectives will help develop the sociology of money in India, connecting it to migration, family, marriage and gender relationships.
The politician benefits in either case.
A politician who wastes his country’s resources on a grand scale may have a successful career.
Findings The findings indicate how money in politics contributes to corruption in Malaysia.
For a large section of the population in India, m-money can act as a way to achieve financial inclusion.

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In an omnipotent AI-centered future, can human decisions be used as a currency?
4 answers
In an omnipotent AI-centered future, the concept of human decisions as a currency is not only plausible but also aligns with the evolving paradigms of human-centered AI (HCAI) and the integration of human values into AI systems. The notion of a 'common currency' in decision-making, traditionally applied to the neural representation of value across different contexts, provides a foundational basis for considering human decisions as a form of currency in an AI-driven ecosystem. This is further supported by the development of AI systems, such as Democratic AI, which optimize social mechanisms based on human preferences, effectively treating human decisions as valuable inputs that guide AI behavior towards outcomes preferred by the majority. Moreover, the integration of human decisions into AI systems is echoed in the design of financial services that accommodate a wide variety of human financial behaviors, suggesting that human decisions can indeed be quantified and leveraged in diverse contexts. This is complemented by the use of decision trees in big data applications, where the currency of data (and by extension, the decisions that generate this data) is crucial for accurate classification and decision-making processes. The emphasis on human-centered approaches in AI development, as advocated by researchers and policymakers, further underscores the potential of human decisions as a currency. By prioritizing human needs and values, AI technologies can be designed to empower individuals, making human decisions a critical asset in shaping technology that serves humanity. This perspective is reinforced by the exploration of shared neurocomputational resources in decision-making, highlighting the interconnectedness of human and AI decision-making processes. In summary, in an omnipotent AI-centered future, human decisions hold the potential to be used as a currency, facilitated by the principles of HCAI, the valuation of human preferences in AI systems, and the critical role of human decisions in shaping technology that aligns with human values.
How does the great lockdown affect the public firm financing?
5 answers
The great lockdown, implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, has had significant implications for public firm financing. Studies have shown that lockdown policies have led to a deterioration in firms' profitability, impacting their financial performance. To mitigate the repercussions of the pandemic, many governments have implemented public loan guarantee schemes to support corporate lending dynamics. These schemes have facilitated firms in bridging liquidity gaps and obtaining loans at favorable conditions, transferring credit risk from banks to governments. Additionally, public credit guarantee schemes have influenced the allocation and performance of bank credit during the crisis, leading to credit substitution and affecting borrower-lender relationships. Overall, the lockdown measures have disrupted firms and their value networks, prompting the adoption of supply chain financing solutions to stabilize liquidity and ensure continuity of supply.
How does the level of public debt affect the GDP?
5 answers
The impact of public debt on GDP is a topic of ongoing debate. Research indicates mixed findings regarding this relationship. Some studies suggest that higher public debt levels can lead to a decline in annual growth rates, while others argue that the effect may not be significant after correcting for biases. The Great Financial Crisis and the recent Covid-19 crisis have highlighted concerns about the negative impact of elevated public debt on future GDP growth and financial stability, requiring more fiscal resources for stabilization. Public debt plays a crucial role in influencing parameters such as public and private investment, employment, consumption, production, and trade, all of which contribute to GDP. Additionally, findings from a study on developing countries like Ghana suggest that public debt may not have a short-term causal relationship with GDP but can positively impact GDP in the long run, emphasizing the importance of fiscal discipline and strategic investment to enhance economic growth.
What are the primary benefits associated with digital Fintech services as perceived by users in India?
5 answers
Digital Fintech services in India offer numerous advantages to users. These include enhancing the customer experience, strengthening critical infrastructure components, boosting access to the financial system, realizing efficiencies, reducing costs for market participants, and providing safer digital transactions. Fintech also plays a crucial role in enhancing financial literacy and inclusion among low-income households by providing innovative and accessible financial services, promoting economic growth, and improving living conditions. Despite these benefits, challenges such as cyber-security threats, third-party risks, digital infrastructure limitations, and the need for increased regulation exist. Overall, the evolution of Fintech in India has significantly transformed the financial landscape, offering a wide array of benefits while also presenting challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable growth and development.
Can liquidity provision improving borrower long term vision hurt?
5 answers
The provision of long-term liquidity to banks, such as through the Eurosystem's longer-term refinancing operations (LTROs), can have mixed effects on borrowers' long-term vision. While the LTROs enhanced loan supply to firmsand incentivized purchases of high-yield short-term securities by banks, there are potential downsides. In competitive market economies without insurance for idiosyncratic risks, agents may overinvest in illiquid long-term assets and underinvest in short-term liquid assets. This imbalance could potentially lead to a misallocation of resources and affect borrowers' long-term planning negatively. Therefore, while liquidity provision can benefit borrowers in the short term, it is essential to consider its impact on long-term financial strategies and risk management.
Local literature about Determining the budgeting practices of selected grade 11 students?
4 answers
The local literature provides insights into the budgeting practices of selected grade 11 students. Studies reveal that students exhibit varying levels of financial knowledge and practices. Internal agents within educational settings play a crucial role in shaping budgetary practices, emphasizing the importance of understanding the practical knowledge and power relations of these agents. Additionally, research highlights the correlation between students' active participation in school initiative budgeting and their level of school involvement, indicating a positive relationship between the two. Efforts to enhance students' budgeting skills and cultural wisdom through guidance programs, such as using comics as a medium, have been explored to promote financial awareness among students. These findings collectively contribute to understanding and improving the budgeting practices of grade 11 students in local contexts.
How effective are microfinance programs in promoting financial inclusion for low-income individuals and communities?
5 answers
Microfinance programs have shown effectiveness in promoting financial inclusion for low-income individuals and communities. Studies indicate that microcredit initiatives significantly enhance community social capital and participation in rural development activities. Furthermore, countries with higher microfinance institutions' loan portfolios per capita tend to experience lower income inequality, benefiting the poor and contributing to poverty reduction efforts at a macro level. Additionally, microcredit programs, like those offered by ASA, positively impact household income, expenditures, and savings, ultimately reducing poverty and improving living standards for deprived rural and urban households. Despite some inconsistencies in outcomes, the overall trend suggests that financial inclusion interventions have a more positive than negative impact, albeit with varying effects on economic, social, and gender-related indicators.
Hows sri lanka provide education to poor people
5 answers
Sri Lanka provides education to poor people through a policy of Education for All, offering free education from primary to tertiary levels. This initiative has significantly uplifted poor families by ensuring high literacy rates and educational attainment. The government allocates a substantial budget for free education, health care, and community services to reduce income inequality. Despite these efforts, challenges exist, such as the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on low-income families' access to education, highlighting the need for cost-efficient learning solutions during crises. Additionally, the country faces issues related to social cohesion and peace education, aiming to address social injustices and promote harmony among diverse ethnic communities through education policies. Strengthening financial inclusion and enhancing financial education are also crucial aspects to improve access to educational resources for the economically disadvantaged in Sri Lanka.
RRL Financial Management of Senior High School Student ?
5 answers
Financial management among young individuals, particularly high school students, is crucial for their future economic well-being. Studies highlight that many young people have access to financial resources but lack the knowledge and motivation to manage them effectively. Financial literacy training for students aged 13-16 has shown positive impacts on their understanding of basic financial concepts and the importance of early financial management. High school seniors often rely on part-time jobs as their main income source and exhibit varying levels of financial management skills. Similarly, senior high school teachers face financial challenges and stress, emphasizing the importance of developing coping strategies and enhancing financial literacy among educators. Implementing financial literacy programs and interventions can significantly improve the financial management skills of high school students and teachers alike.
What are the current methods used to measure Islamic financial literacy among individuals and communities?
5 answers
Islamic financial literacy (IFL) is measured using various methods. One common approach is through questionnaire-based surveys, as seen in studies analyzing IFL levels across different countries. These surveys often cover aspects like knowledge, skills, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors related to Islamic finance. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is utilized to validate IFL scales, ensuring their applicability in diverse cultural and economic settings. Factors influencing IFL, such as education level, work experience, and Islamic financial training, are identified through multiple linear regression analysis. Moreover, the role of the community in enhancing financial literacy and inclusion is highlighted, emphasizing the potential for community involvement in promoting IFL.
How does the use of fintech affect the financial stability and growth potential of saccos, according to Wanyonyi?
5 answers
The use of fintech can have significant implications for the financial stability and growth potential of Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations (SACCOs). Fintech innovations, such as central bank digital currency (CBDC), peer-to-peer lending, and mobile financial services, can enhance financial inclusion. By leveraging fintech, SACCOs can expand their services, reach unbanked populations, and reduce operational costs, ultimately contributing to financial stability. However, the adoption of fintech also introduces risks related to cybersecurity, regulatory compliance, and customer trust. Therefore, SACCOs must carefully navigate these challenges while harnessing the benefits of fintech to ensure sustainable growth and stability in the evolving financial landscape.