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Crack deflection and crack bridging toughening mechanisms are shown to be relevant for most of the commercial hardfacing.
Thus, the engineering size crack initiation is expected to be easily detected through the analysis of the strain waveform.
Results show that crack behavior is greatly influenced by mechanical constraint intensity.
Results suggest that two different cohesive laws may be needed in order to describe crack initiation and crack propagation.
The results show the potential of the setup to measure crack length, crack tip opening and nominal stress.
The authors identify high applied stress levels in combination with potential multiple crack initiation as the probable root of the problem and propose a scheme how the model can be extended for taking into account crack initiation.
This research provides useful information and insight to future designers determining how processing affects the crack stability of these new materials used for space hardware
The proposed procedure allows treating beam with small crack even when other techniques fail to identify the crack presence.
Our experiments show that the data collected are sufficient to give good estimates of crack locations and crack sizes.

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