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For more than two millennia, prison reformers and inmate advocates have lamented the ethical and humanitarian injustices experienced by persons with mental illness in correctional settings; yet, we continue to see mentally ill individuals stuck in limbo between health care and custody.
Focus on relationship strategies as a clinical tool gives the clinician and service provider a potential vehicle for promoting partnerships with the seriously mentally ill person in managing their illness and optimizing their strengths in the community.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
Kenneth Adams, Joseph Ferrandino 
127 Citations
The authors make an argument for more sophisticated approaches in dealing with mentally ill inmates that rely on expanded therapeutic options, broader role definitions for prison staff, and an evidence-based approach for individualizing treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Community treatment of severely mentally ill offenders who fall under the jurisdiction of the criminal justice system has important differences from treatment of nonoffenders, which focuses on alleviation of symptoms.
Measures that may prevent suicide pacts in the mentally ill include the effective treatment of depression and closer supervision in both in-patient and community settings.
Understandably, hospitalization is often experienced by the mentally ill as a demoralizing violation of their rights and tends to lead them to disengage further from the professional help they need in order to recover.
Psychoeducational and support groups for families of mentally ill adults may not be adequately addressing the needs of spouses with mentally ill partners.
She believes mentally ill individuals need to be educated about their illnesses and require appropriate supportive psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, access to support groups, and structured activities, such as working, attending school, and training for a job.
Families experience frustrations when providing support and care to their mentally ill relatives.
The necessary elements of intervention to reduce violence by the mentally ill are holistic care, access to services and, where necessary, legal leverage.

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What is Cyberterrorism? Findings from a Survey of Researchers?
4 answers
Cyberterrorism is a concept that researchers have been exploring through surveys to understand its definition, threat perception, and relation to other terms. The surveys conducted across multiple countries revealed varying perspectives on cyberterrorism. While there is a consensus among researchers on the necessity of a specific definition for policymakers and academics, there are disagreements on what this definition should entail. Researchers also debated the significance of cyberterrorism as a threat, its targets, the occurrence of cyberterrorism attacks, and effective countermeasures. Additionally, the surveys highlighted the interconnectedness of cyberterrorism with terms like hacktivism, cybercrime, and cyberwar, with researchers showing familiarity with these concepts while avoiding terms like cyber jihad and pure cyberterrorism. These findings contribute to ongoing discussions on cyberterrorism and its implications for broader terrorism studies.
What are the psychological barriers that athletes face in utilizing sports psychology services?
4 answers
Athletes face various psychological barriers in utilizing sports psychology services. These barriers include internal factors like beliefs in self-reliance and lack of time, as well as external factors such as negative attitudes towards mental health from coaches. The sport culture emphasizing toughness and winning at all costs can create a stigma around help-seeking, leading athletes to suffer in silence. Additionally, collegiate student-athletes may perceive a lack of timeliness for appointments, inadequate advertisement, and incomprehension of counselors to athlete demands as barriers to accessing mental health resources. Implementing athlete-centered mental health resources with annual advertisements could help reduce these barriers and increase utilization of sports psychology services among athletes.
What factors contribute to resilience among parents with ADHD?
5 answers
Factors contributing to resilience among parents with ADHD include various elements such as child's behavior, social support, and parental coping mechanisms. Research suggests that children with ADHD may exhibit lower social skills due to externalizing and internalizing behaviors, impacting parental resilience. Additionally, the presence of positive parent social competence and a strong teacher-child relationship can enhance the social skills of children with ADHD, thus fostering parental resilience. Furthermore, the severity of social cognition and language difficulties in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) like ADHD, along with professional and family support, significantly influence parental resilience. The journeying together process identified in families of adolescents with ADHD highlights how navigating adversities can strengthen family relationships and promote resilience.
How many hours spent on social media is excessive?
5 answers
Spending more than 3 hours per day on social media is considered excessive and may pose a risk for mental health problems, particularly internalizing issues among adolescents. Excessive time spent on social media platforms is influenced by the design elements that enhance user engagement, such as likes and endless scrolling, leading to a hyper-focused pattern of time use and potential problems for some users. The data business model of social media companies, which aims to optimize user engagement and time spent on the platform, contributes to this excessive usage pattern. Research suggests that setting limits on daily social media use and increasing media literacy could be effective strategies to mitigate the negative impact of excessive social media consumption on mental health.
What are the most effective strategies for promoting mental well being among individuals with different cultural backgrounds?
5 answers
Effective strategies for promoting mental well-being among individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds include culturally informed clinical practices, integrating client perspectives with clinician lenses through ethnographic principles. Additionally, recognizing cultural differences associated with mental health, such as attention, beliefs, and attitudes, is crucial for a holistic approach to global mental health. Moreover, understanding the cultural variations in conceptualizations of mental well-being, including hedonic experiences, self-enhancement, autonomy, and contextual factors, is essential for designing interventions and policies that cater to diverse cultural norms. By adopting an integrative health model that considers cultural influences, promoting mental well-being and preventing mental disorders cross-culturally can be more effective and inclusive.
What are problems faced by students studying criminology?
5 answers
Students studying criminology face various challenges. These include issues related to the sudden shift to online learning during the pandemic, such as limited access to recorded lectures and interruptions in online platforms. Additionally, problems in higher education institutions offering criminology programs include occasional operational challenges for administrators, faculty, and students, particularly in areas like research, publications, and instructional standards. Furthermore, students may experience mental health problems and engage in risky behavior, with maladaptive cognitions like criminogenic thinking contributing to negative emotions and problematic behavior. Despite the increasing number of criminology students, they have been overlooked in research, despite being crucial stakeholders. However, there are misconceptions about limited job prospects for criminology students, which can be addressed by understanding the role of criminologists in combating crime and acquiring necessary skills for practical applications.
What is Compassion Fatigue Resiliency program?
5 answers
The Compassion Fatigue Resiliency program is designed to address the adverse effects of compassion fatigue, stress, and burnout on healthcare professionals, particularly nurse managers and oncology-hematology nurses. It aims to reduce compassion fatigue and stress levels, enhance coping skills, improve awareness, and increase compassion satisfaction. The program involves training sessions focused on building resilience, effective communication, stress management, and coping strategies. By participating in this program, healthcare professionals can learn to recognize and manage the symptoms of compassion fatigue, ultimately improving their overall well-being and job satisfaction. The effectiveness of the program lies in its ability to equip participants with the necessary tools to navigate the challenges of caring for others while maintaining their own mental and emotional health.
What are the current global trends in mental health?
4 answers
Current global trends in mental health indicate a stable situation with slight improvements since the early 2000s, encompassing both richer and poorer countries. Depression disorders have shown improvement, while eating disorders, bipolar disorders, and schizophrenia have worsened over time. There is a positive correlation between national development and the burden of mental disorders, with developed countries experiencing a relatively high burden that is gradually decreasing, while developing countries show a fast-growing burden. Global Mental Health (GMH) has evolved to embrace transdiagnostic approaches, digital technologies, and interdisciplinary engagement, moving away from a categorical biomedical model towards more holistic strategies. Efforts are being made to address mental health inequities, integrate care, and include diverse stakeholders in research and policy shaping.
How does the built environment impact on life satisfaction?
5 answers
The built environment significantly impacts life satisfaction through various dimensions, including transportation, health, residential satisfaction, and overall well-being. Studies have shown that the quality of life related to transportation (QoLT) is influenced by the spatial effects of the built environment, where factors like accessibility to transport systems, safety, and cost are crucial for enhancing commuters' life satisfaction. Moreover, the built and urban environment's role in citizens' health and well-being is acknowledged as a determinant of happiness, suggesting that living, working, and social spaces significantly affect physical, mental, and social well-being. Residential satisfaction is another aspect through which the built environment affects life satisfaction. Elements such as street space design features and proximity to city centers have been found to significantly influence people's contentment with their living conditions. In rural areas, the built environment's impact on daily travel satisfaction of residents highlights the importance of building and road densities, accessible markets, and public transport convenience for improving quality of life. For older adults, urban neighborhoods that provide safe, aesthetic, and accessible environments contribute to greater life satisfaction, emphasizing the importance of place attachment supported by walkability and physical enticement. Rehabilitation settings for people with disabilities, such as stroke survivors, also demonstrate that environmental and design factors in the built environment can impact patient well-being and experience. The built environment's effect on young people's life satisfaction and future life plans, particularly in depopulated areas, shows that it can act as a barrier, with negative effects on life satisfaction stemming from travel behavior and built environment interactions. Children's quality of life (QoL) is positively associated with green space within their neighborhoods, although results on infrastructure and perceived safety are mixed, indicating the complexity of built environment effects on different age groups. Furthermore, the relationship between the built environment, active commuting, body mass index (BMI), and life satisfaction reveals that city-level built environment attributes have a stronger relevance to life satisfaction than neighborhood-level attributes, highlighting the importance of considering different spatial scales in urban planning. Lastly, subjective well-being in relation to travel behavior, built environment, and attitudes toward transportation underscores the positive impact of daily out-of-home travel and physical activity on life satisfaction, with access to parks and community-minded attitudes also contributing positively.
Self-esteem factors in medical student?
5 answers
Self-esteem in medical students is influenced by various factors. Studies show that self-esteem levels among medical students can be affected by factors such as smoking habits, academic self-concept, psychological flexibility, and socio-demographic characteristics. Smoking habits were found to have a slight positive correlation with self-esteem and self-efficacy. Additionally, academic self-concept was significantly correlated with self-esteem, indicating that higher academic self-concept scores led to increased self-esteem among medical students. Psychological flexibility was identified as a mediating factor between self-esteem and common psychological symptoms, with low self-esteem and psychological inflexibility being risk factors for symptoms like obsessive-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, and depression. Furthermore, socio-demographic factors like gender and mental illness diagnosis were associated with low self-esteem in medical students.
3.How does the lack of physical interaction in online learning impact the learning process of high school students?
5 answers
The lack of physical interaction in online learning significantly impacts the learning process of high school students. The transition to online instruction due to the Covid-19 pandemic has led to increased stress among students, stemming from factors like learning pressure, social isolation, and reduced physical activity. This shift has also affected students' mental health negatively, with online learning being identified as a significant contributing factor. Additionally, the absence of face-to-face interactions deprives students of shared moments, emotional contagion, and opportunities for socialization, which are crucial for their overall well-being and academic development. Therefore, the lack of physical interaction in online learning not only hampers social and emotional growth but also contributes to increased stress levels and mental health challenges among high school students.