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Considering the previous studies and our results, estrogen may be responsible for this improvement.
In these women, continuation of estrogen or estrogen–progestin replacement therapy may be beneficial.
This action may be important for the stimulation of growth by estrogen.
Low dose local estrogen treatment is a promising approach for the latter complaints.
This increase appears to be prevented by estrogen-replacement therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Robert L. Moss, Qin Gu 
01 Jan 1999-Steroids
90 Citations
These findings provide support for the concept of a novel mechanism of action for estrogen.
The favorable effect of estrogen u...

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Male individuals generally exhibit greater muscle strength compared to females. Specifically, females tend to have 37-68% of the muscleever, the study by McGrath et al.highlights that weakness, as indicated by handgrip strength, is associated with a higher risk of developing chronic heart failure in aging adults. Additionally, Karwowski's studyreveals that in team settings, females exhibit lower dynamic lifting strengths compared to males. Furthermore, Phillips et al.demonstrate that the decline in female-specific muscle force accelerates around the time of menopause, which can be mitigated by hormone replacement therapy. This data collectively underscores the differences in strength between males and females, emphasizing the importance of considering disparities in muscle strength and weakness across genders.
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