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although the TOF-SIMS sensitivity is much higher than for XPS, allowing trace detection, this technique suffers from a lack of quantification which can be fulfilled by XPS.
One possible solution is to combine run-time monitors for advanced components with simple backup modules that provide a safe reversionary mode if undesirable behavior is detected.
Hence, if the device operates beyond safe mode, we can shut down the device.
The accuracy of quantitative XPS analysis can be improved using predetermined transmission functions.
To achieve safe mode switching, a filter strategy is proposed.
It will be applicable to any kind of specimen that can be analysed in a conventional XPS system.
Results demonstrate that the strategy allows regulating the DC bus voltage under different load profiles; preserving the SC SOC within the recommended range; operating the PEMFC all over the safe region; and diminishing the FC start-ups and shutdowns.
Nevertheless, if a safe mode is triggered at a critical moment that produces a change in velocity in an unfavourable direction, the mission could be jeopardised.
Open accessProceedings ArticleDOI
06 Mar 2011
23 Citations
Simulation results also show that the proposed strategy can be utilized to realize seamless transition between soft start mode and steady state operation.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Thomas Kottke, Andreas Steininger 
17 Dec 2007
A systematic failure analysis shows that the proposed implementation can indeed detect all single faults in safety mode and that the ability to switch modes does not compromise the fail safe property.
The results demonstrate that an accurate position-tracking monitor allows to obtain a prompt fault detection and fail-safe mode engagement, while more detailed monitoring functions can be used for fault isolation only.
This allows an application to detect when to switch to a fail-safe mode.
By separating the mode-locking and starting processes, we show that the presence of higher-order spatial modes is not required to start or sustain mode locking.
This article is the first in a series of guides assembled by a committee of experienced XPS practitioners that are intended to assist inexperienced users by providing information about good practices in the use of XPS.
The safety goal should also be used to enable stakeholders to find an answer to the question of ‘how safe is safe enough’.
Configuration interaction is found to have important consequences for the position and intensity of the XPS peaks.
XPS is shown to be a powerful tool for characterizing magnetic films.

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