What are the challenges to implementing institutional reforms to fight corruption in Ghana?5 answersThe challenges to implementing institutional reforms to fight corruption in Ghana include political interferences and resource constraints that affect the effectiveness of anti-corruption institutions such as the Office of the Special Prosecutor (OSP). Additionally, the fear of losing jobs due to institutionalized practices and a lack of IT skills hinders the successful adoption and implementation of integrated financial management information systems (IFMIS) for managing public financial resources. The fight against corruption in Ghana is also hindered by cultural practices and a lack of parliamentary commitment, as corruption is only incidental in parliamentary debates. Moreover, the nature of the political settlement in Ghana, characterized as competitive clientelism, leads to decisions that undermine reform efforts and result in policy discontinuities across ruling coalitions. Finally, the limited impact of governance on the implementation of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Ghana is attributed to institutional and network frameworks that hamper quality public service delivery, as well as the need for improved commitment, rule of law, accountability, and the fight against corruption.
What are some challenges facing traditional institutions in transforming conflicts in Africa?3 answersTraditional institutions in Africa face several challenges in transforming conflicts. These challenges include detachment from institutional and cultural values, as well as the overshadowing of indigenous mechanisms by modern state structures. The introduction of democratic principles has also led to the relegation of traditional institutions in terms of governance and administration. Corruption, the impact of immigration, and the influence of a leviathan state further undermine the effectiveness of traditional institutions in conflict resolution. Additionally, the politicization of traditional institutions and their use as instruments of state ideology can hinder their ability to address conflicts. Despite these challenges, traditional institutions hold great potential for the restorative and sustainable resolution of disputes. To overcome these challenges, there is a need for a paradigm shift that allows traditional rulers to actively participate in conflict management and arms control, while also complementing modern democratic institutions.
What are the policies surrounding cobalt mining in drc?5 answersPolicies surrounding cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) include the establishment of the state-owned company Entreprise Generale du Cobalt (EGC) to address issues faced by artisanal miners and implement taxation on their production. The UK Modern Slavery Act and responsible mineral sourcing legislation are also relevant in addressing modern slavery and human rights abuses in the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector. The political economy of cobalt mining in the DRC requires policies to make mining more equitable and sustainable, including poverty reduction, community development, and regional stability. The decision to include or exclude Congolese artisanal cobalt in supply chains involves broader questions of bargaining power, political stability, and resource dependency. Conflict at and around large-scale mining (LSM) sites in the DRC is influenced by the property rights regime, including corporate enforcement, authorised clandestine extraction, and unauthorised clandestine extraction. These policies and factors shape the distribution of resources and the interactions between different stakeholders in the cobalt mining industry in the DRC.
What are the main internal structures of SADC?3 answersThe main internal structures of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) include the SADC Secretariat, subsidiary organizations, and national institutional structures. The SADC Secretariat is the principal executive institution and plays a crucial role in delivering the expected results of the Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP) and Strategic Indicative Plan for the Organ (SIPO). The SADC member states have established regional and sub-regional structures that influence intergovernmental relations within the organization. These structures are shaped by the diverse characteristics of the member states, such as size, population composition, and government types. Government structures in SADC countries are highly centralized, influenced by historical factors like colonial rule and the need to establish strong national governments after independence. However, there has been a recent trend towards democratization and the inclusion of civil society in government processes.
What is the future of afrocentric social work?5 answersThe future of Afrocentric social work lies in its potential to challenge and transform the dominant Eurocentric models of social work practice. By centering African history, culture, and values, Afrocentric social work aims to provide a more culturally competent approach to addressing the needs of African descendant peoples. This paradigm emphasizes the importance of African philosophies, ethics, and indigenous knowledge systems in guiding social work practice. It also recognizes the erasure of Indigenous ways of social work practice in Africa and calls for a reclamation of these practices. By integrating Afrocentric principles into social work education and practice, there is an opportunity to create a more inclusive and empowering approach that respects the agency and resilience of African communities.
When will Social Security reform happen?15 answers