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It is demonstrated that a significant and positive relationship exists between the characteristics of an entrepreneur and the characteristics of a transformational leader in South African SMEs.
The article suggests ‘the entrepreneur’ is a category manager's esteem but cannot claim to occupy.
On the basis of extensive empirical research conducted in Egypt, India, and the Philippines this article argues that the entrepreneur and the entrepreneur’s coping strategies matter much more than what the recent literature on Doing Business indicators and the business environment would lead us to believe.
This radical shift away from the paradigm of the stolid, heroic entrepreneur has energized a more constructive examination of the entrepreneurial family business and has legitimized study of the emotional, as well as the economic, landscape.
He concludes that there is a need to encourage the development of the industrial entrepreneur, which requires encouragement of the appropriate type of person/personality.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2008
44 Citations
In contrast to the dominant concept of the entrepreneur as a self-sufficient and individualistic player, this literature introduces some interesting developments, both at the theoretical level as well as in terms of empirical observation.
We argue that there is a strong need for studies that problematize embeddedness and the relationship between entrepreneur and context.
The analysis shows that the religious character of the entrepreneur can be traced through the history of entrepreneurship research and to religious myths of creation.
Thus, the entrepreneur appears as a key-stone for building capitalism.
The findings suggested that support from family, friends, society, government, non-governmental organisations and financial institutions as well as skills and abilities of an entrepreneur are accountable for initiation and growth of the venture.
We propose a conceptual model showing how the constructs of spirituality and self-leadership influence each other and have an impact on the thought patterns and self-efficacy of the entrepreneur.
It argues that this discourse is perpetuated by academic research and by media representations of the entrepreneur.
MonographDOI
Campbell Jones, André Spicer 
01 Jan 2009
180 Citations
his unique book argues against the ideas of entrepreneurship that prevail in much of business practice as well as in popular and academic representations of the entrepreneur.
However, this paper shows that alternative theories of the entrepreneur were developed by scholars close in time and space to Schumpeter’s The Theory of Economic Development.

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Why the nations fail acemoglu?
5 answers
Nations fail, according to Acemoglu and Robinson, due to the nature of their state institutions. In their book "Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty," they argue that countries with inclusive institutions thrive, while those with extractive institutions face underdevelopment. Acemoglu and Robinson's framework emphasizes the crucial role of both economic and political institutions in driving long-term economic development. While their thesis has sparked debates regarding methodological issues and oversimplified causal approaches, it has significantly contributed to discussions on the impact of institutions on a nation's success or failure. Ultimately, the failure of nations, as outlined by Acemoglu and Robinson, is intricately linked to the inclusivity and functionality of their institutions, shaping their path towards prosperity or poverty.
Why nations acemoglu?
5 answers
Nations fail or succeed based on the nature of their state institutions, as argued by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson in "Why Nations Fail". They distinguish between inclusive and extractive institutions, where inclusive institutions lead to development, while extractive ones result in underdevelopment. Acemoglu and Robinson emphasize that the success or failure of states is intricately linked to the design of their institutions, differing from geographical, cultural, and ignorance-based hypotheses. Their work delves into historical examples to illustrate how institutions shape a nation's trajectory, defining inclusive institutions as pluralistic and centralized, and extractive institutions as exploitative. Ultimately, their thesis underscores the critical role institutions play in determining a nation's prosperity or poverty.
What do work arrangements matter for startups?
5 answers
Work arrangements play a crucial role in the success of startups. Flexible work arrangements can positively impact innovation within firms, as they allow for a diverse pool of ideas and enhance internal flexibility, especially in high-tech companies. Additionally, leveraging the gender composition of a founding team can create a competitive advantage for new ventures by tapping into the creative potential of employees. During challenging times like the Covid-19 pandemic, flexible work arrangements are essential for maintaining business operations and managing work-family conflict, ultimately affecting work-life balance, well-being, and turnover intentions. Implementing favorable working conditions for R&D employees can further enhance their creative potential, contributing to knowledge intensification in the economy and supporting innovation within startups.
Is physical attravtiveness an objective characteristic?
5 answers
Physical attractiveness is not solely an objective characteristic. Studies show that physical attractiveness is multifaceted, involving self-perception, observer ratings, and physical measurements. While objective measures like waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index play a role in attractiveness assessments, there is a discrepancy between self-ratings and observer ratings. Additionally, attractiveness judgments are influenced by various factors, such as the characteristics of the rater, including age and gender. This suggests that physical attractiveness is a complex interplay of subjective and objective elements, making it a blend of personal perception and measurable features. Therefore, physical attractiveness cannot be solely classified as an objective characteristic but rather a combination of subjective perceptions and quantifiable attributes.
What is the impact of checkoutless stores?
4 answers
The emergence of checkoutless stores, driven by advanced technologies like computer vision and self-checkout systems, is revolutionizing the retail industry. These stores aim to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and provide a seamless shopping experience by eliminating traditional check-out processes. The implementation of cashierless stores requires high-performance infrastructures, posing challenges due to the need for significant computational power and data storage. Despite these obstacles, the strategic direction of major corporations leans towards expanding this concept, particularly in grocery stores, with future expectations targeting coffee and books segments. Research on consumer perceptions reveals that while the phenomenon is not yet widespread, there is a growing interest and potential for cashierless stores to reshape the retail landscape. Inventory management in these stores involves innovative technologies like anti-theft tags and communication devices for seamless transactions.
What the reasons to model hiv disease?
4 answers
Mathematical modeling of HIV disease is crucial for various reasons. Firstly, modeling helps in understanding the transmission dynamics and control strategies of HIV infection, aiding in the development of effective interventions to curb the spread of the disease. Secondly, modeling allows for precise assumptions about biological and social mechanisms influencing disease spread, aiding statisticians, epidemiologists, and modelers in studying disease dynamics and treatment outcomes. Additionally, modeling aids in optimizing antiretroviral therapy, reducing treatment costs, minimizing side effects, and improving patient quality of life. Furthermore, modeling studies provide insights into the dynamics and spread of HIV, guiding prevention efforts and evaluating cost-effective strategies for HIV prevention and treatment. Lastly, numerical solutions of HIV infection models help in understanding population dynamics and comparing different numerical methods for accuracy and efficiency in predicting disease outcomes.
What are the effects of checkoutless stores?
4 answers
Checkoutless stores, enabled by advanced technologies like computer vision and self-checkout systems, offer various benefits such as cost reductions, enhanced convenience, and a customer-centric focus. These stores, which minimize human interaction through cameras, sensors, and self-shelves, represent a significant shift in the retail sector towards digitalization and technological innovation. Inventory management in such stores involves the use of anti-theft tags, door sensors, and payment applications on smartphones, streamlining the purchasing process and enhancing security. Additionally, a frictionless shopping platform supports modular systems for secure self-checkout experiences, integrating customer information, shopping sensor platforms, and financial services for seamless transactions. Overall, checkoutless stores revolutionize the shopping experience by prioritizing customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, and technological advancements.
What are the arts and crafts in san jacinto pangasinan?
4 answers
In San Jacinto, Pangasinan, the arts and crafts scene encompasses various forms of creative expression. One notable aspect is the utilization of craftwork, such as Ectohydric moss and Moss walls, to address environmental issues like water pollution. Additionally, the region is known for its artisanal weaving practices, which provide economic opportunities for displaced weavers through co-design initiatives. Furthermore, the area's craft industry reflects a shift towards incorporating craft products in public spaces, contributing to the city's cultural identity and artistic development. Overall, San Jacinto, Pangasinan, showcases a diverse range of arts and crafts, from traditional weaving techniques to innovative environmental solutions, highlighting the community's creativity and resourcefulness.
What are the biases in stanford binet?
5 answers
Bias in the Stanford-Binet test has been studied in various contexts. Research has shown that the scoring of responses to the Stanford-Binet test items may not be influenced by the examiner's prior knowledge of subjects' ethnicity and IQ. Additionally, analysis of the Stanford Natural Language Inference (SNLI) corpus revealed biases and stereotypical associations, indicating that the human-elicitation protocol used in SNLI can amplify bias and stereotypes in NLP data. Furthermore, a study analyzing Stanford-Binet scores of 4-year-old children found significant differences in group means due to E-bias, suggesting that measurement error can be introduced even with trained examiners, emphasizing the need for controls and separate reporting of results by examiners. These findings highlight the importance of addressing biases in the administration and interpretation of the Stanford-Binet test.
What criteria are needed for the Determination of Refugee Camp within a climatic region?
4 answers
Criteria needed for determining refugee camps within a climatic region include addressing humanistic needs, social and cultural adequacy, sustainability, community integration, and access to essential services. Additionally, considerations for thermal conditions, such as overheating assessments, alternative design strategies, and shelter operation strategies, are crucial for ensuring the well-being of refugees in inhospitable environments. Refugee settlements in isolated areas face exposure to extreme climatic events, necessitating inclusive and integrated approaches to climate adaptation and sustainable development policies. Shelter design specifications must account for social and cultural diversity, climatic challenges, and local context conditions to provide adequate solutions for refugees in hot-dry climates, promoting standardized shelter solutions that meet user requirements. Inadequate shelter designs can lead refugees to self-organize and create adaptive spaces, highlighting the importance of integrating climatic elements and social-cultural aspects in refugee shelter design.
How to compute for Childbearing motivation scale?
4 answers
To compute the Childbearing Motivation Scale (CMS), one can follow the methodology outlined in the research papers. The CMS consists of two parts: a positive childbearing motivations subscale and a negative childbearing motivations subscale. The positive subscale includes factors like socioeconomic aspects, personal fulfillment, continuity, and the couple relationship, while the negative subscale comprises childrearing burden, social and ecological worry, marital stress, financial problems, and physical suffering. Additionally, the Childbearing Questionnaire (CBQ) can be utilized to measure fertility motivations, with subscales covering facets like the desire to be genetically related to the child and the desire for parenthood. The CBQ is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing childbearing motivations. Other scales, such as the one developed in Portuguese, the Motives toward Parenthood Scale, can also be used to analyze motives underlying the decision to have a child.