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Our approach can deal with both linear and non-linear systems.
These results illustrate that the simple linear structure is enough for axon P systems to achieve a desired computational power.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Quan Quan, Kai-Yuan Cai 
01 Dec 2009
26 Citations
Therefore, various special tools for analyzing linear systems can be applied to the first subproblem which is helpful to the designers.
This book can be very useful to build two graduate course on linear systems.
The findings generalize existing results for linear systems.
It is convenient for us to study and analyze them with the theory of linear systems.
Our results on linear systems with input and nonlinear systems are new.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2016
10 Citations
Comparing with existing abstractions for linear dynamical systems, experimental results indicate that our abstraction is more precise.
These techniques have common characteristics so that they may be generalized to cover a wider class of linear systems.

Related Questions

Is math difficult?5 answersMath difficulties are prevalent and multifaceted, encompassing various cognitive weaknesses in mathematical domains. Research highlights that math learning difficulty (MLD) is a distinct learning disorder characterized by impairments in number understanding and application, independent of intelligence or schooling. These difficulties manifest in computation, number sense, and visual-spatial short-term storage, with no particular strengths identified. Factors contributing to math learning difficulties include innate cognitive abilities, problem-solving processes, external factors like fear and anxiety, weak foundations, and instructional quality. Additionally, dyscalculia, a form of mathematical difficulty, is akin to dyslexia and can be identified through EEG signal analysis, particularly focusing on theta and alpha band amplitudes. Overall, the challenges in learning mathematics encompass conceptual understanding, application of principles, problem-solving, and algorithm mastery.
What are the main challenges in linear algebra?5 answersThe main challenges in linear algebra include the need for more practical and computable approaches to teaching the subject. There is a call for a switch from abstract algebraic taught classes to a concrete matrix-based first course. Additionally, the overemphasis on determinants, characteristic polynomials, and polynomial root finding methods in textbooks is seen as useless and unnecessary. The teaching of linear algebra should focus on problem-solving strategies such as looking for invariants, checking parity, and defining energy functions. Another challenge is the need for clear definitions and explanations of key theorems and concepts in linear algebra, as well as providing diverse and challenging example problems for students.
What is linear programming?4 answersLinear programming is a mathematical technique used for selecting the most efficient economic decision among multiple possibilities. It involves solving optimization problems with linear cost functions and linear inequality constraints. Linear programming has a wide range of practical applications, including production planning, resource allocation, and decision-making in various industries and sectors. The technique has been developed and refined over time, with classical algorithms like the simplex method being widely used, along with new algorithms and software for solving large-scale problems. Linear programming is closely related to linear algebra, but it differs in that it often uses inequalities instead of equalities in problem statements.
Why we need exact linearization of Nonlinear Systems?4 answersExact linearization of nonlinear systems is necessary for several reasons. Firstly, it allows for the application of elegant solution methods in the Laplace- and z-domain, which are only applicable to linear systems. Secondly, exact linearization enables the use of linear controllers to achieve control objectives, eliminating the need for complex nonlinear controllers. Additionally, linearization is useful when system components do not exhibit linear behavior, as it allows for the derivation of linear approximations for these components. This is particularly important in feedback control systems, where linear approximations can be used to keep the system near a defined operating point. Overall, exact linearization of nonlinear systems provides a valuable tool for design engineers to simplify control and analysis tasks.
What are Linear A and B systems?5 answersLinear A and B systems are different types of systems that are studied in various fields. Linear A is a system of writing that has not been deciphered yet, but it is believed to have both administrative and votive texts. On the other hand, Linear B is a system of writing that has been partially deciphered and mainly consists of administrative texts. The study of Linear A has been aided by comparing it to the known texts in Linear B, but caution must be exercised as there are significant differences between the two systems in terms of document types and epigraphy. In a different context, Linear systems are also studied in the field of algebra, where B-systems are algebras that are constructively equivalent to contextual categories and are closer to the structures modeled by type theories. Additionally, linear systems are also studied in the field of control theory, where the problem of confining the trajectory of a linear discrete-time system in a given polyhedral domain is addressed through the concept of (A, B)-invariance.
Is math hard?5 answersMathematics is often perceived as difficult by many students. This perception is not surprising, as some children experience learning difficulties and disabilities in math. However, it is important to consider other factors that contribute to the perception of math being hard. One study found that students in a Caribbean setting attributed their dislike of math to the belief that their teachers were "making mathematics hard". Additionally, research suggests that the way math is taught in elementary education may contribute to its perceived difficulty. Conventional wisdom suggests that math is inherently difficult, but experts argue that the educational system may actually hinder skill development in math. Therefore, while math can be challenging for some individuals, it is important to consider various factors that influence this perception.

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Whylearning rate is reduced after some number of iterations in physics informed neural netowrk?
5 answers
In physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), the reduction of the learning rate after a certain number of iterations aims to enhance convergence and accuracy. PINNs face challenges with high-order partial differential equations (PDEs) due to contaminated backpropagated gradients, hindering convergence. To address this, novel methods like the backward compatible PINN (bc-PINN) have been proposed, which sequentially solve PDEs over time segments, improving accuracy with fewer collocation points. Additionally, modifications to the loss functions have been suggested to respect the spatio-temporal causal structure of physical systems, significantly enhancing accuracy and convergence. Therefore, adjusting the learning rate during training helps mitigate issues related to high-order PDEs and improves the overall performance of PINNs in simulating complex dynamical systems.
Howe are the vibration techniques improve the accuracy used to identify cable forces in cable-stayed bridges?
4 answers
Vibration techniques play a crucial role in enhancing the accuracy of identifying cable forces in cable-stayed bridges. By utilizing innovative strategies like the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, engineers can simultaneously determine multiple parameters such as cable tension, bending stiffness, and boundary conditions with a relative error of less than 5%. Additionally, the frequency-based method proposed in another study considers various factors like cable inclination, sag, bending stiffness, and unknown rotational and support constraint stiffnesses at the boundary. This approach, coupled with a frequency-based sensitivity-updating algorithm, enables the precise identification of cable forces and other system parameters. Moreover, the development of thin rod vibration sensors with high sensitivity and specialized data processing software further enhances measurement accuracy, with relative errors of less than 5% in cable force assessments.
What are the potential benefits of implementing a delayed learning approach in education systems?
5 answers
Implementing a delayed learning approach in education systems can offer various advantages. By adopting a delayed and disruption-tolerant networking (DTN) system, educational platforms can become more adaptive to network issues, ensuring continuous access to learning resources. Additionally, a shift towards slow learning in homeschooling environments can foster individuality, creativity, and curiosity, providing an antidote to the stress induced by time-constrained traditional education systems. Moreover, in eLearning environments, addressing delays in responding to student queries through automated correction mechanisms can enhance the effectiveness of tutoring and improve the overall learning experience. These approaches not only promote flexibility and adaptability in learning but also contribute to a more personalized and effective educational experience for students.
Is distance learning effective?
5 answers
Distance learning has proven to be effective based on various research findings. Studies have shown that distance learning, facilitated through platforms like Google Meet and Google Classroom, has positively impacted student learning outcomes and engagement. Additionally, the transition to distance learning has led to increased class attendance and access to educational materials without time constraints, enhancing the learning experience. The use of e-learning media and social media platforms has been highlighted as effective tools for implementing distance learning successfully. Furthermore, the majority of students surveyed in different studies expressed that online learning is effective, with blended learning approaches being favored for their combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning methods. Overall, distance learning has been instrumental in ensuring continuity of education during challenging times.
How can cable force identification be accurately measured in various applications?
5 answers
Cable force identification in various applications can be accurately measured through innovative methods that consider factors like bending stiffness, sag, inclination, and boundary conditions. Existing techniques often focus on single cables, leading to inaccuracies in cable network assessments. To address this, new approaches have been developed to directly determine cable forces in networks without separating them into individual cables, enhancing accuracy and saving time. Additionally, advanced algorithms incorporating vibration theory and frequency-based sensitivity-updating enable precise identification of cable forces, bending stiffness, and boundary constraint stiffnesses, crucial for maintaining bridge integrity. These methods offer practical solutions for engineers to efficiently and accurately assess cable tensions in real-world scenarios, ensuring the safety and performance of cable structures.
What are the current trends and developments in Building Information Modeling (BIM) maturity?
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The current trends and developments in Building Information Modeling (BIM) maturity include the integration of BIM with other construction management methods like Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Lean Construction (LC). Studies assess the maturity of BIM in educational settings, indicating varying levels of maturity within institutions. Additionally, there is a growing interest in evaluating the maturity of BIM in conjunction with immersive technologies like Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) to enhance the digital-physical environment interaction. Large-scale studies in the Dutch construction industry highlight the levels of BIM adoption and maturity across different sectors, emphasizing the need for targeted investments to increase maturity. Innovative models like the BIM Application Two-Dimensional Maturity (BATM) are being developed to assess BIM application maturity from both project business management and project BIM application perspectives.
Wat is een deep approach to learning?
5 answers
A deep approach to learning involves engaging in project topics relevant to one's research, utilizing shared facilities, and developing deep conceptual knowledge in experimental science. In the context of deep learning, it refers to training artificial neural networks with large datasets to solve complex problems in various fields like computer vision, natural language processing, and robotics. Deep learning methods, such as deep neural network-based classifiers, have been successful in categorizing digital images and detecting objects, particularly in underwater pipeline imagery analysis. Furthermore, deep learning methods have been applied to overcome limitations in approximating solutions of Path-Dependent Partial Differential Equations, showing improved accuracy in various numerical examples. Overall, a deep approach to learning involves in-depth exploration, application, and understanding of complex concepts and methodologies within specific domains.
What is the effectiveness of micro-courses in professional development?
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Micro-courses have shown effectiveness in professional development by impacting learners' knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and practices even after course completion. These courses, designed with high-quality resources, enhance the ability of students, such as petty officers, to study independently and improve classroom teaching outcomes. Additionally, microteaching, a form of professional development, supports teachers in incorporating evidence-based practices through a structured process involving planning, enactment, and reflection, ultimately leading to instructional improvement and collegial growth. The use of micro classes and rubrics in teacher training further promotes learning processes by emphasizing planning, design, and evaluation within a professional role context. Overall, micro-courses and microteaching play crucial roles in enhancing professional development by providing practical, accessible, and effective learning opportunities.
Does quantum entanglement have any impact on the flow of time?
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Quantum entanglement indeed influences the flow of time. The timeless picture of quantum dynamics suggests that entanglement between a clock and a system is crucial for understanding the emergence of dynamical evolution and time's passage. Additionally, the concept of entanglement in time is explored, showcasing how quantum systems across time exhibit interdependence stronger than classical systems, leading to the design of a quantum blockchain with a "quantum time machine" feature. Moreover, in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence, entanglement between two copies of a field theory dictates the thermodynamic arrow of time, imposing a definite orientation when initial correlations are absent. These findings collectively highlight the profound connection between quantum entanglement and the perception and direction of time.
The definition of grade level in education?
5 answers
Grade level in education refers to the academic progress of students typically categorized by their year in school. It involves assessing students' achievement based on various factors such as teacher-developed assessments, external tests, and curriculum standards. Grades serve to communicate students' progress and status in achieving learning goals, often compared with peer groups, standards, or their own past performance. Grade inflation, a concerning trend in the United States, involves the awarding of increasingly higher grades without corresponding increases in student achievement, impacting students' perceptions of their abilities and the accuracy of performance evaluation. Additionally, a multi-level life course framework is used to explain influences on reading proficiency, considering macro, community, school, interpersonal, and individual factors.
How are PCA components selected/chosen?
5 answers
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