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This brief review demonstrates that, while representing a minority of political ecology scholarship, work variously engaging with ecology remains an active and fertile area.
We argue that a translational ecology workforce is needed to bridge the gap between science and natural resource decisions.
Students find it important to know the ecology of a few key species and they recognize the importance of having learned the language of ecology — ecologish — helping them to describe and discuss ecology.
Finally, ecology is only relevant if the public perceives it to be.
Most important in the context of the Journal of Applied Ecology, the work reported in this issue reveals that large-scale ecology already has applied value.
In addition to strengthening students’ mastery of engineering theory and application, the graduate curriculum should provide core courses in ecosystem theory including quantitative ecology, systems ecology, restoration ecology, ecological engineering, ecological modeling, and ecological engineering economics.
To help improve college ecology instruction, ecology faculty and researchers who study learning should collaborate to design research about ecology teaching and ecological thinking.
In conclusion, the ecotone between academic and applied ecology seems an ideal place from which to advance both applied ecology and ecology in general.
Our central finding is that generalizations in community ecology are just as prevalent and as resilient as those in population or ecosystem ecology.
These difficulties are not insuperable, however, as is readily demonstrated by the applications of the “new ecology” in landscape ecology and agroecology.

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How is Statistical Analyses in Immunological Research?
5 answers
Statistical analyses play a crucial role in immunological research, especially when dealing with large-scale immune cellular data. Such data is compositional, requiring specialized methods like log-ratio transformations and the generalized linear model with Dirichlet distribution for regression analyses. Immunologists often rely on statistical tests and graphs to evaluate experiments, covering t-tests, ANOVA, regression models, and advanced methods like Bayesian statistics. Additionally, the emerging field of immunoinformatics utilizes computational tools for analyzing and visualizing immunological data, highlighting the importance of bibliometrics analysis to identify key influencers and trends in the field. Mathematical models, based on population dynamics, are also widely used to analyze immunology data, providing novel insights into immune system interactions.
What is site ecology?
5 answers
Site ecology refers to the study of the ecological implications of specific locations or sites on the environment and its inhabitants. It involves analyzing the distinctive characteristics of a particular area, such as soil composition, landform, climate, and vegetation, to understand how these factors interact and influence the ecosystem. Site ecology also considers the spatial distribution of nutrients and chemical agents within a site, which can be crucial for the growth and survival of plant species and communities. This field of study has evolved to include interdisciplinary cooperation between ecologists and hydrologists, leading to the emergence of eco-hydrology as a discipline that focuses on the relationship between water flow and site conditions. Overall, site ecology plays a vital role in understanding how specific locations impact biodiversity, ecosystem dynamics, and environmental management.
What is ecological site in construction?
5 answers
An ecological site in construction refers to the incorporation of ecological principles and practices into the planning and development of construction projects to enhance environmental sustainability and human well-being. This involves utilizing nature-based solutions, such as ecological infrastructure (EI) and green technologies, to create buildings and infrastructure that harmonize with the natural environment. Examples include the use of green walls, planters, and flower troughs in construction site enclosing walls to improve the ecological environment and promote sustainability. Ecological construction aims to optimize the relationship between human activities and the ecosystem, ensuring that construction projects not only meet the needs of society but also contribute to the preservation and restoration of the environment.
How to use co-word analysis to track merging trends?
10 answers
To use co-word analysis for tracking emerging trends, it's essential to understand its application across various fields and methodologies as demonstrated in the provided contexts. Initially, co-word analysis involves mapping the intellectual structure of a field by measuring the association strengths between terms in relevant publications, as seen in the field of Information Retrieval (IR). This approach can be adapted to identify trends in large datasets, such as in ecology, by isolating concepts and methods that show significant trends over time. In the study of gender differences in higher education and science, co-word analysis helped to map and analyze the evolution of scientific literature, identifying main concepts and trends over different periods. Similarly, in Spanish library and information science output, co-word and document co-citation networks were used to identify research fronts and recent trends. This method also revealed underlying trends and themes in distance education research literature across different web eras. Co-word analysis's relevance extends beyond scientific fields, as demonstrated in economic and marketing information analysis, where it helped to visualize the evolution of scientific fields through cluster construction and strategic diagrams. The introduction of TrendNets, a novel visualization methodology, further enhances the ability to map emerging research trends by highlighting rapid changes in edge weights over time. Moreover, co-word analysis has been applied to discern changes in scientific themes in the psychology of work, demonstrating its utility as a new tool in science policy. It has also been instrumental in understanding the evolution of studies published in the Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, highlighting phases focused on different aspects of educational technology integration. Lastly, in the stem cell field, co-word analysis was used to analyze the evolvement of terms, showcasing its applicability in tracking emerging trends. In summary, to track emerging trends using co-word analysis, one should collect and analyze terms from relevant publications over time, employ visualization techniques like TrendNets for dynamic changes, and adapt methodologies to the specific field of study, as demonstrated across various research contexts.
How is the epistemology for political ecology?
5 answers
The epistemology of political ecology is multifaceted, encompassing diverse perspectives and approaches. Political ecology is characterized by a critical stance towards human-nature relations, emphasizing just resource access, control, and regulation. Different strands within political ecology conceptualize nature in various ways, such as a social product, technonature, or actant, drawing from neo-Marxist and post-structural epistemologies. Epistemological pluralism is evident in political ecology, with materialist and poststructuralist forms being prominent. While environmentalism and political ecology share the concept of nature, they diverge in their ontological and epistemological foundations, with environmentalism rooted in anthropocentrism and Newtonian physics, while political ecology adopts an ecocentric perspective influenced by quantum physics. These varied epistemological underpinnings contribute to the richness and complexity of political ecology as a field of study.
Why is aspen more fire resistant than other trees? moisture?
7 answers
Aspen trees exhibit a unique combination of characteristics that contribute to their fire resistance, distinguishing them from other tree species. Unlike some conifers, aspens regenerate prolifically after fire events, which is a key aspect of their adaptation to fire. This regenerative capability allows aspen stands to quickly reestablish dominance in an area following a disturbance, such as a fire, thereby contributing to their resilience and perceived fire resistance. Furthermore, aspen's ability to regenerate from their root systems, even in the absence of fire, enables them to persist on the landscape without the need for fire, complicating the traditional view of fire dependence. The structure and chemistry of aspen also play significant roles in their response to fire. For instance, studies have shown that fire severity can influence herbivory patterns and defense chemistry expression in aspen, with higher burn severity leading to increased growth potential and defense chemistry expression, thus enhancing resilience to herbivory. This suggests that aspen's response to fire can indirectly increase their survival and regeneration by affecting their interactions with herbivores. Moreover, the incorporation of silicones into aspen substrates has been shown to significantly improve fire-resistance parameters such as energy release rate, total energy released, and char yield. While this particular study focuses on a composite fabrication method, it highlights the potential for modifying aspen's inherent properties to enhance fire resistance further. Additionally, the role of bark in protecting the cambium from lethal temperatures during fires is crucial. Aspen's bark structure and moisture content contribute to its insulation capacity, protecting the vital cambium layer from the heat of fires. This protective mechanism is a critical factor in aspen's survival during and after fire events. In summary, aspen's fire resistance is not solely due to moisture content but is a result of a complex interplay between their regenerative capabilities, structural and chemical defenses, and the protective properties of their bark. These characteristics collectively enable aspen to survive and thrive in fire-prone environments, making them more fire-resistant compared to many other tree species.
What are the main works of Scheppele (political science, constitutions, elections)?
5 answers
Scheppele's main works in political science, constitutions, and elections are likely to encompass a broad range of topics related to constitutional courts, the rule of law, and the relationship between constitutions and constitutionalism. Scheppele's research may delve into the impact of constitutional courts on political systems, the rationalities of action within constitutional frameworks, and the interplay between constitutional design and political processes. Additionally, Scheppele's works may explore the significance of constitutions in shaping political structures, the limitations that constitutions impose on power, and the dualistic nature of constitutionalism as a mechanism for both constituting and constraining power. Overall, Scheppele's contributions likely shed light on the intricate dynamics between legal frameworks, political institutions, and democratic processes within the realm of political science and constitutional studies.
What is Ecology?
5 answers
Ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between organisms and their environments. It encompasses the interactions between living organisms and their biotic and abiotic surroundings, emphasizing the reciprocal relationship between them. Ecology delves into the population and community levels of living organisms, distinct from the study of individual behavior or organs, focusing on the complexity of biological systems. This branch of biology is crucial for understanding biodiversity changes, ecological system functioning, and the circulation of matter and energy within ecosystems. By exploring the physical, chemical, and biological interactions in nature, ecology provides insights into the dynamics of ecological systems and the sustainability of life-support environments.
How can plant functional traits be divided into response and effect traits?
5 answers
Plant functional traits can be categorized into response and effect traits based on their role in ecosystem functioning. Response traits are those that indicate how plants react to environmental changes, while effect traits are those that directly impact ecosystem functions. For instance, specific leaf area was identified as a key trait for both functional effect and response types in vegetation restoration in mid-Yunnan, China. In a tropical montane rain forest, plant functional traits like specific leaf area and wood density were found to directly influence stand aboveground carbon stocks, highlighting their role as effect traits. Additionally, a study in fire-managed mixed-deciduous forests demonstrated that canopy leaf traits and diversity in understory size traits can act as both response and effect traits, affecting soil organic carbon stocks. These studies collectively emphasize the importance of understanding how plant traits respond to environmental changes and influence ecosystem functions.
What is grand theory of disaster resilience?
5 answers
The grand theory of disaster resilience encompasses various aspects highlighted in the provided contexts. It involves the convergence of disciplines towards technology transfer for community engagement, the shift from equilibrium models to complex systems theory for risk management, quantifying resilience against disasters through quality of life assessment, and the relationship between poverty and resilience in urban areas. This theory emphasizes the ability of a system, community, or society to pursue development objectives while managing disaster risk in a mutually reinforcing manner. Overall, the grand theory of disaster resilience integrates community engagement, complex systems theory, quality of life assessment, and the impact of poverty on resilience to address the growing threat of disasters and promote sustainable development.
Who is founder of resilience theory?
5 answers
The founder of resilience theory is C.S. Holling, who initiated this body of thought about ecological change in the 1970s. Resilience theory, stemming from Holling's work, focuses on understanding how socioecological systems change and interact across scales, providing a holistic approach to addressing the complexities of contemporary urban environments. Holling's ideas emphasized the multiple states of ecosystems, threshold transitions between them, and the irreversibility of changes, similar to concepts in the field of ecology and plant succession described by Thomas Vale. The theory has since been applied in various disciplines, including psychology, psychiatry, and pediatrics, to explore how individuals can thrive despite adversity, leading to the emergence of resilience science.