What animal has the most neurons?
Answers from top 4 papers
More filters
| Papers (4) | Insight |
|---|---|
| The giant neurons are most likely monosynaptically coupled. | |
26 Citations | This is a much lower number of neurons per Müller cell than in most other mammals studied. |
| The results with this animal indicate that two or more nerve cells can form effective connections with other neurons and with skin that normally would be innervated by a single cell. | |
72 Citations | Those neurons that respond irrespective of the stimulus speed appear to be involved in the general sensorimotor behavior of the animal during the execution of the task. |
My columns
Related Questions
See what other people are reading
Is there some paper that has used the 5CSRTT in monkey?
5 answers
Yes, a study by Gancz et al. utilized the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) in rodents to study visuospatial attention and impulsiveness. Additionally, Cope and Young discussed the development of the rodent five-choice continuous performance task (5C-CPT) as a tool for assessing attention and response inhibition in animals, which can be directly translated to clinical continuous performance tests (CPTs) used in humans. Although the 5CSRTT was specifically mentioned in the context of rodents, the principles and methodologies of this task can be adapted for use in other animals like monkeys.What is the role of the superior occipital gyrus in visual perception and processing?5 answers
The superior colliculus (SC) plays a crucial role in visual perception and processing. It is involved in visually guided behaviors, sensory processing from various domains, and affective responses. In non-human animals, the SC has been shown to support object detection and encode visual features of complex objects independently of the primary visual cortex. Studies in primates highlight the SC's role in controlling orienting behaviors and visual pattern analysis, positioning it as a key structure for active perception. Additionally, the SC receives direct inputs from retinal ganglion cells and integrates excitatory and inhibitory signals differently, emphasizing its significance in visually guided behaviors. Overall, the SC contributes to various aspects of visual processing, including object detection, orienting movements, and sensory integration.How does the expression of ankyrin 3 differ in individuals with autism compared to those without?5 answers
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit alterations in the expression of ankyrin 3 (ANK3) compared to those without ASD. ANK3 mutations have been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairments, and neurodevelopmental conditions. In the context of ASD, mutations in synapse-associated genes like SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3 (SHANK3) are implicated. Ankyrin-G, encoded by ANK3, plays a crucial role in neuronal development and is involved in localizing proteins within neurons, impacting brain function. Studies have shown that individuals with ASD demonstrate differences in various components of written expression, such as length, legibility, handwriting size, speed, spelling, and overall structure, emphasizing distinct characteristics in their writing skills compared to typically developing peers. These findings collectively suggest that ANK3 expression variations contribute to the unique neurodevelopmental features observed in individuals with ASD.What predicts sociability?5 answers
Sociability is predicted by various factors such as personality traits, environmental influences, and social interactions. Personality traits like agreeableness, openness, and extraversion are linked to sociability. Additionally, sociability in animals like capuchin monkeys can vary based on sex, with females showing higher sociability in early life. Environmental factors, such as the setting and interactions, also play a role in predicting sociability, with variables like pleasure, arousal, and dominance influencing sociability levels. Furthermore, the development of robust measures to assess sociability towards humans in cats has shown predictive validity in post-rehoming behavior, indicating the importance of reliable assessments in understanding sociability across species. Overall, a combination of personality traits, environmental factors, and social interactions contributes to predicting sociability in individuals.How does the hair coloring process affect the structure and function of hair follicles?5 answers
The hair coloring process involves applying compositions with various ingredients that can impact the structure and function of hair follicles. Coloring formulations may contain aminopyrazolopyridine oxidation bases, hydrophobic film-forming polymers, earth colorants, and volatile solvents. Studies on hair follicle melanocyte biology suggest that factors like Bcl-2 protein, SCF/kit pathway, and androgens play crucial roles in regulating hair growth and pigmentation. Furthermore, neurohormones and neuropeptides are involved in melanin synthesis, melanoblast differentiation, immune privilege maintenance, and hair pigmentary unit remodeling in human hair follicles. Techniques like transmission electron microscopy aid in understanding hair growth and follicle morphogenesis, highlighting the importance of proper sample preparation to preserve ultrastructure. Overall, the hair coloring process can influence hair follicles through various mechanisms involving ingredients in the coloring formulations and biological pathways regulating hair growth and pigmentation.What is a myofibroblast?4 answers
Myofibroblasts are specialized cells crucial in wound healing and fibrotic diseases, possessing characteristics of both smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. These cells play a pivotal role in tissue repair by producing and organizing collagen and extracellular matrix, aiding in scar tissue formation. Myofibroblasts are identified by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) stress fibers, which enable their contractile function. They can be activated from various cell sources depending on the local environment and injury type, influencing tissue integrity and function positively or negatively. Targeting myofibroblasts has become a focus for therapeutic interventions to prevent fibrosis, enhance wound healing, and mitigate associated diseases. Understanding myofibroblast activation mechanisms and functions is crucial for developing effective treatments and interventions in various pathological conditions.Is photocopies in 2D:4D a better approach?4 answers
Based on the data from the provided contexts, utilizing photocopies for 2D:4D measurements yields varying results.found that photocopies provided reliable measurements but were less accurate compared to computer-assisted analysis. In contrast,discovered that patients with breast cancer had significantly higher 2D:4D ratios when assessed through photocopies. However,highlighted discrepancies between direct measurements and photocopies, suggesting that combining these methods in studies should be avoided. Additionally,indicated that photocopies were used effectively to determine 2D:4D ratios in relation to mandibular growth. Therefore, while photocopies can be a useful tool for 2D:4D assessments, the choice of method should be based on the specific research objectives and the need for accuracy and consistency.How does lipid accumulation affect the tight junctions in intestinal epithelial cells?4 answers
Lipid accumulation, particularly cholesterol and phospholipids, plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of tight junctions (TJs) in intestinal epithelial cells. Cholesterol enrichment directs TJ formation by promoting the assembly of claudins and influencing the distribution of lipids. Additionally, dietary phospholipids can impact intestinal health, as high doses may impair mitochondrial morphology and affect membrane utilization, potentially leading to leaky gut syndrome. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as n-3 and n-6 PUFA, have been shown to modulate tight junction protein localization and epithelial permeability under physiological and inflammatory conditions, with DHA specifically limiting the effects of inflammatory stimuli on TJ proteins. Overall, lipid accumulation, whether through cholesterol, phospholipids, or PUFA, significantly influences the structure and function of tight junctions in intestinal epithelial cells.Is fish jaw protrusion an important measurement?5 answers
Fish jaw protrusion is a crucial measurement in understanding feeding performance and trophic diversification in various fish species. Jaw protrusion distance and speed play a significant role in enhancing aquatic feeding performance. The ability to protrude the jaws towards prey increases the force exerted on the prey, aiding in successful capture. Different fish species exhibit varying degrees of jaw protrusion directionality, with the position of the articular-quadrate jaw joint influencing the orientation of the mandible and the direction of protrusion. Additionally, the development of protrusile jaws in fish, influenced by factors like thyroid hormone levels, is essential for post-metamorphic remodeling of jaw structures that enable protrusion. Therefore, fish jaw protrusion is a critical measurement that impacts feeding mechanics, trophic niches, and evolutionary diversification in fish species.What are the most effective mandibular guidance techniques for dentate patients?5 answers
The most effective mandibular guidance techniques for dentate patients include utilizing radiographic methods as an alternative to conventional techniques, such as protrusive interocclusal records (PIR). Additionally, the use of guide flange prosthesis (GFP) has been indicated for early prosthodontic management post-mandibulectomy surgeries to train mandibular muscles and establish acceptable occlusal relationships. In cases where patients struggle with specific mandibular movements, a simple technique has been described to assist and guide them effectively. Furthermore, for dentate patients with mandibular deviations post-surgery, adjunctive therapies like physiotherapy, maxillomandibular fixation with elastics, and prosthesis anchored to natural teeth can aid in correcting long-standing deviations and restoring masticatory efficiency.How does electiric shock damage retina?4 answers
Electric shock can damage the retina by inducing various ocular manifestations, including cataracts, macular cyst formation, iritis, and anisocoria. Electrical insults can lead to rapid progression of conditions like electric cataracts, affecting visual acuity. Studies on electrical stimulation of the retina have shown that long pulse stimulation can activate retinal cells, impacting retinal thickness and potentially causing safety concerns due to increased charge density with smaller electrodes. In cases of retinal degeneration, electrical stimulation can evoke varied responses in inner nuclear layer cells, with differences in channel activation and response types between wild-type and degenerate mice, potentially affecting the efficacy of electrical stimulation in restoring vision.