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Journal ArticleDOI
Helmut Remschmidt, Frank M. Theisen 
13 Jul 2012-Neuropsychobiology
55 Citations
(5) The few available studies on the course and outcome of schizophrenia beginning in childhood and early adolescence confirm that they are much worse than in adult-onset schizophrenia.
Furthermore, the effects were also small and more favourable for specific functioning measures, as opposed to more global measures, small to moderate in terms of worse outcomes for follow-up periods >10 years, small to moderate for more unfavourable outcomes in males, and small to large for worse outcomes in studies including patients diagnosed before 1970.In contrast to the adult manifestation, the early manifestation of schizophrenia in childhood and adolescence still carries a particularly poor prognosis.
This “dysplastic” model of schizophrenia can suggest testable etiology and treatment-relevant questions for the future.
It is imperative that any pathogenetic model for schizophrenia takes into account what is now known about genetic mechanisms of illness.

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