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as if an infinite number of samples have been taken for the study region), therefore making it easy to compare biodiversity between different assemblages.
Given that biodiversity includes both richness and abundances, high biodiversity metrics are not the best indicator for ecosystem “health,” as population explosions closer to edges result in greater biodiversity.
Our results show that developing countries, particularly those in Africa, have higher scores, indicating that they have a higher awareness of the importance of biodiversity mainstreaming.
  With the exception of one species that is endemic to Europe, all species studied occur in both northern continents.
Main conclusions: Inferences of environment–biodiversity relationships can differ between taxonomic groups even if biodiversity patterns alone show significant correlation.
Multivariate analyses support modelled differences in niche characteristics among continents, and reveal important variables explaining these differences.
This outstanding species biodiversity, based in an extensive range of higher taxa, reconfirms the essential need to restore and conserve one of the most precious ecosystems on earth.
I additionally argue that deflationary theories of biodiversity don’t go far enough, since a large proportion of what we value in the environment falls outside bounds of what could reasonably be called “diversity”.
Changes in biodiversity can have significant
If we remove the effect of outcrop area from our estimate of global biodiversity, we do not observe a net increase in diversity toward the present, lending support to other studies that have not supported a substantial, long-term global increase in biodiversity during the Phanerozoic.
However, more so than for tropical forests in most other continents, the major biodiversity conservation challenges for tropical forests in Oceania are extrinsic.
Evidence thus far suggests that probably most, perhaps all, of the taxa are confined to single continents or land masses.
Thus, factors that determine the composition of regional faunas have a great impact on the phenetic diversity of communities and ultimately the latitudinal gradient in biodiversity.
The anthropogenic influence on a naturally low biodiversity area emphasises the importance of these ecosystems when considering the conservation of global biodiversity.
Our results clearly indicate that the spatial density of human activity should be part of any political analyses related to biodiversity – including systems of biodiversity indicators.
The methods should greatly facilitate biodiversity estimation in poorly studied taxa and regions, and the monitoring of biodiversity change at multiple spatial scales.
Our findings indicated that major ecogeographical rules can strongly vary for the same taxonomic group across broad scales between continents.

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How does changes on ecosystems impact buildings?
5 answers
Changes in ecosystems can significantly impact buildings in various ways. Climate change, including abnormal temperatures and rainfall, affects urban ecosystems, leading to adverse processes like soil erosion and depletion of biodiversity. Additionally, the introduction of new species due to changing climates can result in pests damaging buildings and stored materials. Real estate development, a major source of pollution, has traditionally been insensitive to the environment, consuming significant non-renewable resources in construction. Furthermore, the selection of building materials plays a crucial role, as their acquisition, use, and transformation have substantial ecological impacts, necessitating a shift towards more sustainable practices. Incorporating greenery systems in buildings can mitigate some of these impacts by improving thermal conditions, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing stormwater management and air quality.
How does climate change impact fish health?
5 answers
Climate change significantly impacts fish health by causing rising water temperatures, increased salinity, oxygen content fluctuations, and ocean acidification, leading to various detrimental effects. These changes result in the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria like Vibrionaceae in fish populations, potentially causing disease outbreaks. Additionally, climate change influences the distribution of marine species, forcing them to shift their habitats in search of suitable conditions, affecting their growth, behavior, and immune competence. The altered environmental conditions due to climate change also facilitate the entry of non-native fish species into aquatic ecosystems, leading to habitat loss and increased competition with native species. Overall, climate change poses a complex and ongoing threat to fish health in both marine and freshwater ecosystems.
What is the range of Caretta Caretta?
5 answers
The range of Caretta caretta, also known as the Loggerhead Sea Turtle, encompasses various regions as depicted in range maps attributing sub-watershed polygons with information on the species' presence, origin, seasonal, and reproductive use. Mexico, particularly the state of Quintana Roo, has been actively involved in marine turtle protection and conservation efforts, with the Sea Turtle Protection Program of Akumal playing a significant role. Over a 24-year protection period, nesting ecology parameters were studied, showing a nesting peak in June, a nesting success rate of 75.2%, and a mean clutch size of 108.6 eggs. Additionally, studies on the impact of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure on Loggerhead Sea Turtles revealed insights into oxidative stress responses at the cellular level, highlighting the species' susceptibility to environmental contamination and the importance of monitoring such exposures for conservation efforts.
How far for monitor lizard smell?
4 answers
Monitor lizards, such as Varanus niloticus niloticus and Varanus bitatawa, exhibit various olfactory behaviors. For instance, Varanus niloticus niloticus showed increased attraction to electric nets baited with visible lizards and fresh lizard urine, indicating their olfactory sensitivity. Additionally, Varanus bitatawa, a frugivorous species, displayed specific activity patterns, with males covering larger distances and having larger activity areas compared to females. Molecular studies suggest that the Varanidae family, to which monitor lizards belong, originated in Asia and dispersed to Africa and Australia at different time points, indicating their ability to adapt and colonize diverse environments. These findings collectively highlight the olfactory capabilities and adaptive behaviors of monitor lizards in detecting prey, navigating their habitats, and colonizing new territories.
How does climate change impact biodiversity? functionnal trait of mammals in austral africa?
5 answers
Climate change has a significant impact on biodiversity, especially in regions like Austral Africa. The rise in global temperatures due to human activities has led to ecosystem degradation, biodiversity decline, and changes in vegetation types. This alteration in climatic conditions disrupts the balance of ecosystems, affecting food chains and natural resource production, ultimately leading to a loss of biodiversity. Additionally, climate change contributes to the introduction of alien species and adverse conditions, further threatening biodiversity in the region. The effects of climate change on biodiversity in Austral Africa are profound, with implications for the survival of various species and the overall ecological balance in the region.
What is the state of the art in implementing nature based solutions in Baltic Sea region?
5 answers
The implementation of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in the Baltic Sea region is progressing, with a focus on enhancing urban resilience and addressing environmental challenges. Studies show an increase in NbS implementation since the 1990s, particularly between 2005 and 2015, with most projects employing hybrid solutions like wetlands, mainly in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. However, there is still a need for more quantitative assessments of NbS effectiveness, especially in combating flooding and erosion. Additionally, the availability of tools to facilitate NbS uptake in urban areas is limited, with challenges including resource availability, expertise, institutional settings, and collaborative governance. Efforts are being made to develop and test new implementation models and business approaches to support the mainstreaming of NbS, particularly in urban contexts.
How does frequency of deer in a location impact biodiversity?
5 answers
The frequency of deer in a location significantly impacts biodiversity by altering vegetation structure and composition, ultimately affecting various fauna. High deer densities have been shown to decrease woody plant diversity by 30.4% in Mediterranean ecosystems, leading to biotic homogenization and threatening vegetation dynamics. In lowland deciduous woodlands, deer grazing can directly compete with insect herbivores for plant biomass, affecting the invertebrate community and overall woodland ecosystem. Additionally, deer populations can act as sources exporting individuals to wider landscapes, contributing to range expansion and impacting woodland biodiversity negatively. Conversely, excluding deer from certain areas has been found to increase understory vegetation density and diversity, positively influencing forest bird populations. Effective deer management strategies are crucial to maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem health in various habitats.
What is the most effective ways of conserving biodiversity and mitigating global change?
5 answers
The most effective ways of conserving biodiversity and mitigating global change involve implementing conservation actions that can simultaneously slow anthropogenic-mediated climate change significantly. Biodiversity conservation plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by reducing and stabilizing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Strategies such as protecting biodiverse and carbon-rich natural environments, ecological restoration of potentially biodiverse habitats, and creating novel habitats can yield strong co-benefits for both climate mitigation and biodiversity conservation. Shifting conservation focus from small community-managed zones to regional networks, reducing non-climate stressors, and expanding protection to shared seascapes can improve global biodiversity conservation. By maintaining an abundance of living organisms through biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration, we can help achieve carbon neutrality and contribute to global climate action.
How do CAFOs affect rural ecoonmies?
5 answers
CAFOs (Confined Animal Feeding Operations) can impact rural economies in various ways. Studies have shown that factors like collective action within Farmers' Organizations (FOs) can influence economies of scale and efficiency. Additionally, groundwater protection in rural areas is crucial for sustainable development, as highlighted in research focusing on motivating farmers to build harmless disposal facilities for livestock excrement. Furthermore, rapid urbanization due to factors like expanding urban areas can threaten biodiversity in rural regions, affecting elements like soils, vegetation, and microclimate, which in turn can impact rural economies. These findings emphasize the interconnectedness between agricultural practices, environmental changes, and economic outcomes in rural areas.
How does limestone affect species richness?
5 answers
Limestone influences species richness in various ways. Studies in limestone forests of Vietnam suggest that topography, soil depth, and spatial isolation impact plant diversity, with rock surfaces and slopes affecting species distribution. Research in limestone grasslands in Sweden indicates that altering nutrient supply and light intensity can decrease species richness, highlighting the importance of environmental factors. Additionally, investigations in limestone pavement alvars in Canada show that spatial heterogeneity in soil depth and microsite composition positively correlates with species richness, emphasizing the role of environmental variability in maintaining diversity. Furthermore, on Mediterranean limestone cliffs, rock climbing activities negatively impact plant communities, leading to reduced cover, richness, and altered composition, especially in areas with high climbing intensity. Overall, limestone's influence on species richness is mediated by environmental conditions and human activities.
What are the most effective methods for assessing the impact of biodiversity conservation efforts?
5 answers
The most effective methods for assessing the impact of biodiversity conservation efforts involve enhancing biodiversity monitoring, utilizing modern tools like remote sensing and bioacoustics. Additionally, analyzing human-induced habitat quality changes can serve as a proxy for measuring the effectiveness of management efforts in biodiversity conservation. Monitoring biodiversity through various methods, such as roving surveys, belt transects, and citizen scientist-led surveys, can provide comparable measurements of species diversity and help in detecting changes in biodiversity effectively. Furthermore, considering counterfactuals in social-ecological systems can aid in evaluating the impact of conservation interventions by capturing the range of impact estimates associated with different actors, thus providing insights into the effectiveness of conservation measures.