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In this study, we propose Markov decision processes as an alternative to the action cost functions approach.
Also designed is a novel interpretation of Markov decision process providing clear mathematical formulation to connect reinforcement learning as well as to express integrated agent system.
We propose a simulation-based algorithm for learning good policies for a Markov decision process with unknown transition law, with aggregated states.
Third, it provides applications to control of partially observable Markov decision processes and, in particular, to Markov decision models with incomplete information.
Open accessBook ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2012
48 Citations
Hence, Bayesian reinforcement learning distinguishes itself from other forms of reinforcement learning by explicitly maintaining a distribution over various quantities such as the parameters of the model, the value function, the policy or its gradient.

Related Questions

How has reinforcement learning (RL) been applied in economic modeling and decision-making processes?4 answersReinforcement Learning (RL) has found significant applications in economic modeling and decision-making processes. RL's ability to learn from experience without heavy reliance on model assumptions makes it valuable in complex financial environments. Additionally, RL has been utilized in optimizing energy use in various sectors, including finance, contributing to sustainable energy management. Furthermore, the integration of RL with advanced machine learning techniques like deep neural networks has enhanced decision-making tasks in real-world applications, such as autonomous driving and robotic manipulation. Despite its potential, the standardized interfaces for deploying RL in industrial processes are still under development, highlighting the need for further research to bridge the gap between RL and industrial systems.
How do markov chains work?4 answersMarkov chains are sequences of random variables where the future value of a variable depends only on its present value and is independent of its past. They are commonly used in modeling real-world systems with uncertainty. Markov chains can be discrete or continuous, depending on the time parameter. In discrete time, the concept of reversible Markov chains is introduced, where a stable Markov chain follows the same distribution as its time-reversible chain. Markov chains can also be represented as random walks on directed graphs, where the limiting behavior is determined by the cycles in the graph. In continuous time, Markov processes are used, and the holding time in a state follows an exponential distribution. Multiplex networks introduce a "Markov chains of Markov chains" model, where random walkers can remain in the same layer or move to different layers, leading to novel phenomena such as multiplex imbalance and multiplex convection. Markov processes are commonly used for modeling phenomena where the future values depend only on the immediately preceding state, and they can be characterized by the set of possible states and the stationary probabilities of transition between these states.
Are markov decision processes used in reinfocement learning?5 answersMarkov decision processes (MDPs) are commonly used in reinforcement learning. MDPs provide a mathematical framework for modeling decision-making in situations where outcomes are partially random and partially under the control of a decision-maker. In reinforcement learning, the learner aims to learn the optimal policy and minimize regret over a finite time horizon by interacting with the environment. MDPs are used to model the environment in reinforcement learning algorithms, allowing the learner to make decisions based on the current state and expected future rewards. MDPs have been studied in the context of online reinforcement learning, where the transition matrix and rewards are unknown. Additionally, MDPs have been extended to consider the influence of external temporal processes on the environment.
WHAT is THE model Autonomous Vehicle Decision-Making Management Using Markov Chains?4 answersAutonomous vehicle decision-making management using Markov chains is a topic of interest in the field. Researchers have proposed various models and approaches to address this issue. One approach is to use partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP). POMDP models have been applied to fault detection, identification, and recovery in autonomous underwater vehicles, as well as operational control evaluation in autonomous vehicle transportation networks. Another approach is to use stochastic Markov decision processes (MDP) and reinforcement learning to model the interaction between autonomous vehicles and the environment. These models consider factors such as road geometry and driving styles to achieve desired driving behaviors. Overall, these models aim to improve the decision-making capabilities of autonomous vehicles in various scenarios.
What are the key challenges in applying Markov decision processes to real-world problems?4 answersThe key challenges in applying Markov decision processes (MDP) to real-world problems include the perception that MDP is computationally prohibitive, its notational complications and conceptual complexity, and the sensitivity of optimal solutions to estimation errors in state transition probabilities. Additionally, for certain optimization problems in MDP, such as the finite horizon problem and the percentile optimization problem, dynamic programming is not applicable, leading to NP-hardness results. However, recent developments in approximation techniques and increased numerical power have addressed some of the computational challenges. Furthermore, MDP offers the ability to develop approximate and simple practical decision rules and provides a probabilistic modeling approach for practical problems. By incorporating robustness measures, such as using uncertainty sets with statistically accurate representations, the limitations of estimation errors can be mitigated with minimal additional computing cost.
Where does Markov decision model is used?9 answers

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