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Solar photovoltaic (PV) system provides significant social and environmental benefits in comparison to the conventional energy sources, thus contributing to sustainable development.
The solar PV system can be widely used in many consumer applications, such as PV vests for cell phones and music players.
Here, we propose a silicon-based solar cell system for small PV energy systems.
It is the first and only grid-connected system using amorphous silicon thin-film PV modules in the UK.
Concentrating solar radiation on Photovoltaic (PV) has the potential to replace the expensive PV material with cheaper optical elements which also enhance the overall electrical output.
Whereas in the past the PV driven system was considered too expensive with respect to the solar thermal, now it is quite comparable above all if the systems are air cooled.
From technological point of view, solar PV has reached maturity.
Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2008
20 Citations
Concentrating solar power is a complementary technology to PV.
The behavior of PV system corresponds with the theoretical assumption.
These results disentangle the process of diffusion of PV systems and provide guidance to stakeholders in the solar market.

Related Questions

What are the main solar technologies?5 answersThe main solar technologies encompass a variety of applications aimed at harnessing solar energy for different purposes. These technologies include Solar Heating and Cooling, Concentrating Solar Power, Photovoltaic Technology (PV) for electricity generation. Solar-driven technologies also extend to the production of solar fuels through artificial photosynthesis, generating hydrogen and carbon-based fuels from CO2 and water, offering sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Solar Thermal technology, represented by various types of solar collectors, is predominantly utilized for Domestic Hot Water systems, district heating, and solar combi-systems for heating and cooling in buildings. Additionally, the implementation of efficient solar power systems, incorporating sensors and IoT, plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of solar energy utilization for electricity generation. Overall, solar technologies present a diverse and promising array of solutions for renewable energy generation and environmental sustainability.
What are the components of a photovoltaic solar system?5 answersA photovoltaic solar system consists of several components. These include solar components such as transmitting back plates, bonding layers, solar chips, and transmitting front plates. Another component is the photovoltaic module, which is made up of strings of PV strips connected in series. These strips have opening surfaces, rear surfaces, rear surface buses, conductive fingers, and electro-conductive adhesive layers. Additionally, a photovoltaic solar cell component comprises sealing material layers, solar cells with upper and lower electrodes, connecting lines, and rigid layers. Furthermore, a complex solar photovoltaic system includes complex solar photovoltaic units with modules, a housing, a frame, a heat collecting unit, a heat collecting plate, a solar cell, and a rotating means. Overall, these components work together to harness solar energy and convert it into usable power.
What are the common types of photovoltaic panels?5 answersThere are three common types of photovoltaic panels: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous. Monocrystalline panels are made from a single crystal structure and are known for their high efficiency. Polycrystalline panels are made from multiple crystal structures and are less expensive but slightly less efficient than monocrystalline panels. Amorphous panels are made from non-crystalline silicon and are flexible, lightweight, and less expensive, but they have lower efficiency compared to crystalline panels.
Types of the PV/T?4 answersPV/T systems can be categorized into different types based on their design and components. One type is the macro-encapsulated phase change material (PCM) based PV/T system, which uses PCM and micro-channel heat pipes (MCHP) to optimize the performance of the system and prevent freezing in cold weather. Another type is the PV/T collector, which consists of an aluminum alloy frame, toughened glass, EVA, photovoltaic cells, ultrathin EVA, absorber, heat preservation layers, and a back plate. This design allows for efficient heat transfer and power generation, with the absorber coated with a selective absorption coating and heat circulation devices for heat exchange. Different types of PV panels, such as silicon solar panels and thin film solar panels, including mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, CIS, CIGS, and CdTe, can also be used in PV/T systems.
What are the different types of solar cells?4 answersSolar cells can be classified into different types. The first generation of solar cells was made from crystalline silicon, which was efficient but expensive. Other types include thin-film solar cells, such as CIGS, CdTe, DSSC, and amorphous silicon, which are cheaper to produce but less efficient. There are also solar cells based on nanostructures and nanomaterials, such as silicon nanowires/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/graphene (SiNW/PEDOT:PSS/Gr). Additionally, gallium arsenide is a crystalline material that offers higher efficiency but is more expensive. Newer alternatives include organic and dye-based semiconductors, which are extremely cheap. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are also gaining popularity due to their high efficiency and economical manufacturing costs.
What is the type of solar photovoltaic SPV electric system?10 answers

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How Romania performed until 2023 case of sustainable development goals?
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Romania's performance in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) until 2023 has been multifaceted, reflecting progress in certain areas while highlighting ongoing challenges in others. The country's universities have shown an increasing tendency to incorporate sustainability into their strategic plans, signaling a growing commitment to sustainability in the education sector, although the full realization of sustainable universities remains a future goal. In the agricultural sector, Romania faces vulnerabilities due to geopolitical and climatic changes, yet there is a concerted effort to revitalize this sector through investments in value addition, risk reduction, and the adoption of digitalization and circular economy principles, which are crucial for sustainable development. The relevance of non-financial information in reflecting the sustainability of Romanian economic entities has been underscored, with larger entities more likely to comply with international reporting standards, indicating a positive trend towards transparency and accountability. However, challenges persist in the water, energy, food, and waste sectors, where intersectoral trade-offs need to be managed to support a sustainable future. The oil and gas sector has faced significant impacts from market crises, with companies adopting innovative and international strategies to maintain economic and financial sustainability. Renewable energy emerges as a critical area for reducing energy dependence and fostering green employment, with the hydropower sector expected to dominate employment in the renewable energy sector by 2025. Nutritional patterns in Romania indicate unsustainable consumption trends, with a high intake of animal products and a lack of diversification, posing risks to both human and environmental health. The retail sector has seen shifts towards sustainable consumption, driven by digital adoption and consumer awareness, although challenges remain in fully integrating sustainability into business models. Tourism competitiveness has been linked to sustainability, emphasizing the importance of local involvement and the protection of cultural and natural resources. Finally, the restaurant industry has been actively seeking sustainable practices, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting a growing awareness and action towards sustainability in the foodservice sector. In summary, Romania's journey towards sustainable development is ongoing, with notable efforts across various sectors to align with global sustainability goals. However, the need for continued investment, innovation, and policy coherence remains critical to overcoming the existing challenges and fully realizing the SDGs.
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Ports are transitioning towards eco-friendliness by implementing energy-efficient practices and green technologies. The maritime industry, responsible for a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions, is focusing on reducing its carbon footprint by adopting smart energy solutions and electrification. Initiatives like the greenPORT project aim to create energy management systems that utilize green energy sources, such as shore power, to mitigate pollution from ships at berth. Strategies for sustainable energy generation, storage, and smart grid management are being explored to enhance operational efficiency and environmental protection in ports. By balancing economic development with environmental concerns, ports are evolving into smart energy hubs that prioritize energy efficiency and emission reduction.
What is the Optimal tilt angle for large solar systems in the netherlands?
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The optimal tilt angle for large solar systems in the Netherlands can significantly impact energy production. Studies have shown that adjusting the tilt angle of solar panels to their monthly or seasonal optimum can increase energy output by up to 7.24% monthly and 6.06% seasonally. Additionally, determining the optimum tilt angle accurately for each location is crucial for maximizing energy production. In Europe, adjusting the tilt angle multiple times per year, especially on a monthly basis, can lead to gains of up to 7% in energy output, depending on the latitude considered. Furthermore, establishing location-specific optimum tilt angles can result in up to a 6.15% increase in daily solar energy output, reducing investment and operational costs for PV installations. Therefore, determining the optimal tilt angle for large solar systems in the Netherlands is essential for maximizing energy generation and cost-efficiency.
How effective are retrofits to achieve carbon reductions in housing?
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Retrofitting existing residential buildings is highly effective in achieving carbon reductions. Various studies emphasize the importance of retrofit strategies in reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. Implementing advanced optimization methodologies, such as genetic algorithms, coupled with energy simulations, can lead to significant reductions in energy demand, CO2 emissions, and energy costs. The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) with multiple domains allows for dynamic analysis, enabling the achievement of zero carbon targets through renewable energy technologies and real-time monitoring mechanisms. Retrofitting measures, such as insulation and double-glazed windows, have shown substantial environmental benefits by reducing carbon footprints, even though financial benefits may take longer to realize. Overall, retrofitting plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by significantly lowering carbon emissions in the housing sector.
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How does solar plant works on a ppp eu countries?
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Why is 70%-30% train- test split for landslide prediction model significant?
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The 70%-30% train-test split for landslide prediction models is significant as it allows for the evaluation and comparison of model performance. This split ensures that the model is trained on a majority of the data (70%) to learn patterns and relationships between conditioning factors and landslide occurrences, while the remaining 30% is used for testing the model's predictive ability on unseen data. By using this split, researchers can assess the model's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and other performance metrics, ultimately determining the model's effectiveness in predicting landslides. This approach aids in selecting the most accurate and reliable model for landslide susceptibility assessment, contributing to better risk mitigation strategies and disaster management in landslide-prone areas.
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Best policy and regulatory instruments for implementing rooftop PV solar for developed countries?
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The best policy and regulatory instruments for implementing rooftop PV solar in developed countries involve a combination of fiscal and regulatory incentives, such as tax credits, feed-in-tariffs, and preferential interest rates. Successful examples from countries like China, the US, Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, and India highlight unique policies that have led to significant advancements in rooftop solar PV systems. Additionally, public perception plays a crucial role, with positive attitudes towards solar technology and policy implementation being essential for success. Developing countries like Indonesia are also adopting regulations to promote rooftop PV, emphasizing the need for informative tools like the e-SMART PV application to facilitate investments and provide comprehensive economic analysis. Overall, a supportive regulatory framework, informed by successful international experiences and tailored to local conditions, is key to the successful implementation of rooftop PV solar in developed countries.
How do renewable energy certificates impact the adoption and development of renewable energy technologies?
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Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) play a significant role in influencing the adoption and development of renewable energy technologies. Companies often purchase RECs to report reduced emissions, but this may not always lead to actual emission reductions. The use of RECs by companies with science-based targets has inflated the effectiveness of mitigation efforts, potentially hindering real-world emission reductions and alignment with climate goals. Additionally, blockchain technology is being explored to enhance the traceability and transparency of REC transactions, despite existing barriers like legal and market development challenges. Different renewable energy market mechanisms, including various types of RECs like International Renewable Energy Certificates (I-REC) and Guarantees of Origin (GO), are being compared across different regions to stimulate the renewable energy industry's growth and future development.
How has the understanding of the photoelectric effect influenced the development of modern technonologies?
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The understanding of the photoelectric effect has significantly impacted the development of modern technologies. It has led to the creation of efficient photovoltaic devices like multi-junction and cell stacks for solar energy conversion. Additionally, the photoelectric effect has been utilized in optoelectronic sensors and solar energy conversion devices, contributing to advancements in various fields such as hydropower engineering, medicine, and semiconductor electronics. Furthermore, the discovery of an in-plane photoelectric effect within a two-dimensional electron gas has enabled the development of highly efficient terahertz detectors, showcasing a new aspect of light-matter interaction in two-dimensional systems. The use of computer simulations to teach the photoelectric effect has also proven effective in engineering education, enhancing conceptual learning outcomes.