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What is the Internal Revenue Service classification for nonprofits organizations that work for social change? 

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This study provides empirical evidence of specific internal organizational characteristics that are supportive of social innovations in human service nonprofits.
Data from the 1992 Statistics of Income (SOI) public use file of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form-990 returns indicate that the propensity of nonprofit organizations to undertake both tax-exempt and taxable activities depends on their primary mission-related output and size, the relative importance of government versus private contributions, and the size of the excess return created by differential taxation of nonprofit and for-profit business.
The authors argue that nonprofits are founded on a social mission but that traditional accounting approaches do not properly assess their social products.
Our findings indicate that there is substantial variation in the type of political activity undertaken by social service nonprofits, and organizational characteristics can help explain this variation.
First, this study provides empirical evidence that when nonprofits collaborate with other sector organizations, boundaries blur and new network structures replace the existing network structures that are composed exclusively of nonprofits.
This article suggests that the key to successful future cooperation between nonprofits and profit-oriented organizations lies in the processes of internal evaluation and subsequent strategy development.
(b) Understandingth e origins of nonprofit sectors and behavioral differences between nonprofits and for-profit or government organizations requires an industry-level ecological ...
Implications: The findings imply that for-profits do not outperform nonprofits in all performance dimensions.
The results have implications for developing the capacity of direct service nonprofits to undertake their social missions.

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