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What is the sufficient light levels in the shop floor as per Factories Act? 

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The paper identifies the concept of hierarchy in distributed shop floor control as one of the key contributions of holonic manufacturing.
Finally, our study can help provide a useful guide to improve light qualities in plant factories, in which long-term co-inhabitance of plants and human beings is required.
But to increase the energy efficiency in production,interrelationships within the shop floor must be understood and suitable control variables have to be identified and applied.
Thus, evidence about the impact of concepts for shop floor control in such pure service environments is needed.
Thus, the demands of production scheduling and changed shop-floor conditions can be taken into account.
The experimental results illustrate that the proposed method is very effective in various shop-floor conditions.
This article proposes a reference activity model that enables the activities and resources related to most of the cost objects of a particular shop floor to be deduced systematically.
It builds on a previous study that documents relatively few direct environmental indicators at shop floor level, which raises questions about possible indirect links between existing indicators and the environment that could be used to improve the environmental aspect of company's sustainability ambitions.
Results suggest that the performance of the classical approach is heavily affected by shop floor characteristics but no direct relationship between the characteristics and norm to apply could be established.

Related Questions

How much energy consumption does LED account for plant factories?4 answersLED lighting systems in plant factories are responsible for significant levels of energy consumption. However, various studies have explored energy-saving methods to reduce the energy consumption of LED lighting in plant factories. One study proposed a system that uses machine vision to extract the canopy area and position of plants at different growth stages, allowing for precise radiation on the plants and avoiding light waste in blank areas. Another study compared the energy consumption of continuous LED light and pulsed LED light and found no significant statistical differences between the two modes. Additionally, a study on pepper seedlings found that LED lighting with a specific red-to-blue (R:B) ratio of 1.5 resulted in the highest light energy use efficiency and electric energy use efficiency, making it suitable for pepper seedling production in plant factories. Overall, while LED lighting is a significant energy consumer in plant factories, research is being conducted to develop energy-saving methods and optimize lighting conditions.
How can light levels be achieved?5 answersLight levels can be achieved through various methods. One approach is to use light meters designed for photographic use, which can be converted and used to measure clinical light levels. Another method involves using lighting circuits that utilize LED light engines and strips of linear lighting. These circuits can produce different levels of light output by adjusting the current flow through resistors or by controlling the current flow using a transistor and a control signal. Additionally, light level control for building illumination can be achieved by using a control system connected to interior sensors, electric light controllers, and window treatment controllers. This system allows for parallel control of electric lights and the admittance level of daylight, ensuring optimal light levels in the building. These approaches provide different ways to achieve and control light levels in various settings.
How can the environmental impact of factories be assessed?3 answersThe environmental impact of factories can be assessed using various methods and tools. One approach is the use of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, which evaluates the environmental impacts of different energy sources used in factories. Another method is the evaluation of significant aspects and effects of industrial activities through an environmental impact assessment (EIA). Real-time product life cycle assessments can also be performed in learning factories, combining cyber-physical infrastructure with computational models. Additionally, a holistic approach to assessing the impact of factories on the environment includes considering not only negative environmental effects but also perceptual-aesthetic and social/cultural dimensions of the landscape. Finally, the internal environmental impact of factories can be analyzed by examining the financial activity and identifying internal factors that affect profitability.
What is the definition of workplace lighting based on Sedarmayanti?4 answersWorkplace lighting refers to the lighting systems used in a workplace environment to provide illumination for tasks and activities. It is an essential aspect of creating a safe and productive work environment. The definition of workplace lighting can vary depending on the specific context and requirements. However, based on the abstracts provided, workplace lighting can be described as a system that includes a plurality of lighting means arranged in a matrix formation to generate adaptive working illumination. This system also includes a central adjusting unit that allows for separate adjustment of the working illumination of each individual lighting means in the matrix. Additionally, workplace lighting can also involve the use of LED light vibration absorption apparatus to prevent damage to LED lights caused by workplace vibrations. Another aspect of workplace lighting is the capability to focus and diverge light, providing illumination for both specific areas and larger work environments.
What are the effects of light on factory workers?5 answersThe effects of light on factory workers include both visual and non-visual symptoms. In terms of visual symptoms, workers exposed to non-normative lighting conditions experienced a decrease in symptoms after intervention. Underexposure to daylight in windowless factories can lead to health problems, but advance light exposure in the early morning and during lunch breaks can improve workers' productivity and sleep quality. Lighting quality in industrial spaces can impact object detection, visual performance, response time, and fatigue levels of workers. Bright light exposure during night shifts can reduce sleepiness among workers, with a significant reduction observed after exposure to bright light.
What is the standard light intensity when working?5 answersThe standard light intensity when working varies depending on the specific task and environment. In UK offices, the commonly targeted illuminance is 500 lux on the working plane, but there is evidence suggesting that a reduced illuminance would not significantly affect visual performance. However, it is important to consider expectations and the perceived brightness of the space, as a reduced illuminance may lead to a sense of gloom and potentially affect motivation. Different types of activities may require different levels of illumination, and for exacting visual tasks, 20 to 25 foot-candles (approximately 215 to 269 lux) are recommended. It is also suggested that varying light levels throughout the day can promote healthier individuals and contribute to better results for companies.

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