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The findings have shown port charges and wide range of port services to be the only significant factors in their port choice.
The experimental results show that our proposed scheme effectively eliminates VnC overhead with minimal hardware adjustments.
A Port Community System (PCS) increases port efficiency by connecting the ICT systems of each of its members, thereby facilitating their communication.
Unlike other remote display protocols such as the X Window System and Citrix's ICA, the VNC protocol is totally independent of operating system, windowing system, and applications.
Quantitatively, the proposed VNC method is capable of operating within 1 dB from the outage capacity of the quasi-static Rayleigh fading channel.
Open accessProceedings ArticleDOI
Cynthia Taylor, Joseph Pasquale 
17 May 2010
24 Citations
When testing using video, our Message Accelerator design results in frame rates an order of magnitude higher than plain VNC when running under high latency conditions.

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Issues or challenges faced in the panama canal expansion rpoejct
5 answers
The Panama Canal expansion project faces several challenges and issues. One major challenge is the need for precise decision-making processes due to the project's complexity, involving political, social, and economic factors. Additionally, the expansion aims to address the Panama Canal's current maximum capacity issues, which will be resolved upon project completion in 2014. Furthermore, the project requires significant investments in U.S. infrastructure to ensure competitiveness, especially for U.S. ports in the southeast, which will need major upgrades to accommodate the larger ships post-expansion. Lastly, the resilience of U.S. container ports is challenged by the effects of enlarging the Panama Canal's capabilities, requiring port operators to enhance their practices for sustainability and growth.
What is the environmental impact of the construction of the mega port of Chancay?
5 answers
The construction of the mega port of Chancay in Peru, managed by the Chinese company Cosco Shipping Ports, has significant environmental implications. The project may lead to changes in ecological environments, affecting fishery resources, benthos, and the regional ecological environment. Environmental impacts such as noise, visual hindrance, turbidity increase, and nutrient release are expected during the construction phase, emphasizing the importance of evaluating and mitigating these impacts. Measures like proper site selection, in situ management, landscape conservation, and ecological compensation can help alleviate the ecological impacts. Environmental risk assessments are crucial for identifying and addressing potential risks, ensuring the sustainable development of the port while safeguarding human safety and the environment.
What are the main takeaways?
4 answers
The main takeaways from the provided contexts include the significance of interstate telehealth for certain states, especially those near borders, highlighting the importance of maintaining clinician-patient relationships. Additionally, the rapid advancements in COVID-19 research have led to crucial findings on effective treatments and risk factors associated with severe cases, showcasing the unprecedented progress made in a short period of time. Furthermore, the need for careful consideration and analysis in managing transformations in both private and public sectors is emphasized, with the Three-Pillar Model proving to be a valuable framework for successful organizational change.
What is the role of cloud computing?
4 answers
Cloud computing plays a crucial role in various sectors, offering benefits such as cost savings, scalability, and improved efficiency for businesses. In education, cloud computing optimizes progress and performance by providing need-based access to computing services, aiding in automation and software implementation. It has become a significant technological innovation in the digital economy, expanding its applications and enhancing security measures. Specifically in healthcare, cloud technology enables on-demand access to electronic health records, transforming the way medical information is accessed and managed while addressing concerns like security and privacy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, cloud computing emerged as a vital technology, facilitating remote work, enhancing scalability, and aiding in various sectors like education, health, and industry.
How has the frequency and sophistication of insider threats evolved over the past decade?
5 answers
Over the past decade, there has been a noticeable increase in the frequency and sophistication of insider threats. While traditionally, security concerns focused on external intruders, recent reports highlight a shift towards insider threats as significant risks to organizations' information security. Insiders, who have authorized access to corporate resources, can execute illegal activities that are challenging to distinguish from legitimate actions, making detection difficult and recovery costly. Cyber attacks targeting commercial networks have increasingly exploited vulnerabilities in web servers to breach storage servers, emphasizing the need for enhanced security measures like secondary backups. The rise in insider threats underscores the necessity for comprehensive security management systems that encompass physical, managerial, and technical countermeasures to safeguard against unauthorized access and potential damages.
What are the possible failure causes of marking equipment and livestock to combat farm theft?
10 answers
The failure of marking equipment and livestock as a strategy to combat farm theft can be attributed to several factors, as highlighted by various studies. Firstly, traditional marking systems, such as branding and ear incisions, may not be compatible with modern traceability requirements, which limits their effectiveness in preventing theft. These systems, while historically significant for identification and protection against theft, may not meet the standards needed for contemporary agricultural practices and legal frameworks. Additionally, the practicality of high-tech solutions like DNA marking remains elusive for many livestock farmers, suggesting a gap between the availability of advanced technologies and their accessibility or usability at the grassroots level. Another significant issue is the adaptability and resilience of theft strategies. Thieves may target animals that are less securely marked or exploit the limitations of wireless communication technologies in tracking devices, which can fail to update the live location of livestock in real time due to constraints in wireless communication. Moreover, the socio-economic factors driving livestock theft, such as poverty, unemployment, and the availability of markets for stolen livestock, present underlying challenges that mere animal marking cannot address. The effectiveness of marking and tracking technologies is also hindered by environmental and operational challenges. For instance, the use of electrically-conductive ink for marking, while innovative, may face issues like degradation or failure under harsh weather conditions or if the ink's composition does not withstand the operational stresses encountered in farm environments. Furthermore, the legal and regulatory environment plays a crucial role, as the identifiability of animals and the enforcement of laws regarding livestock marking and tracking require robust legal support to be effective. In summary, the failure causes of marking equipment and livestock to combat farm theft are multifaceted, involving technological, socio-economic, environmental, and legal challenges. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond the mere application of marking technologies.
What are the potential benefits of edge computing for 6G networks in terms of reduced latency?
4 answers
Edge computing in 6G networks offers significant advantages in terms of reduced latency. By bringing computation closer to the data source at the network edge, edge computing can effectively decrease response times, minimize bandwidth usage, and enhance energy efficiency. This approach enables real-time applications to benefit from lower latency, making time-critical tasks viable for offloading. Additionally, the integration of edge computing with artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities in 6G networks allows for the processing of large volumes of data generated by mobile and IoT devices at the network edge, further reducing latency and unlocking the full potential of 6G networks. Furthermore, edge computing-enabled multiuser cell-free networks optimize energy consumption and task execution delay, showcasing improved system performance and reduced costs compared to traditional schemes.
How do cloud systems and solutions compare with traditionally hosted systems in terms of cost?
4 answers
Cloud systems offer cost-effective solutions compared to traditional hosting methods. They provide scalability, elasticity, and on-demand resource allocation, allowing users to pay only for what they use, thus reducing upfront capital expenditures. Cloud computing leverages external services and resources, optimizing costs through efficient management. Studies show that cloud solutions can lead to significant cost savings, with one approach demonstrating over 70% in savings compared to traditional methods. Additionally, cloud services like Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Hardware as a Service (HaaS) reduce costs by up to 20% while maintaining computational performance. Overall, the cloud's ability to innovate, offer diverse pricing tiers, and optimize resource allocation makes it a more cost-effective option for businesses and organizations.
What is strategic interdependence?
5 answers
Strategic interdependence refers to the concept where the decisions and actions of one party are influenced by, and in turn, influence the decisions and actions of other parties involved in a strategic interaction. This interdependence can manifest in various scenarios, such as in economic relationships where lower costs of imported inputs impact the export of final goods based on the strategic interactions among exporters. Additionally, in the context of port authorities, strategic interdependence is observed in capacity expansions, leading to cooperative agreements among different authorities to enhance investment incentives. Moreover, in political movements, strategic interactions are evident in protests, where activists' willingness to participate is influenced by the actions of both like-minded and opposing groups, showcasing substantial heterogeneity in motives and reactions across different political spectrums.
Whatbis a way?
5 answers
A WAY, as described in the provided contexts, refers to a vessel designed for wave avoidance and stability in ocean conditions. It presents a small profile to the most active part of ocean waves, utilizing wave-piercing causeways for stabilization. The WAY operates as a hydrodynamic flying body without wings or hydrofoils, controlled by orientation and a large separation between the center of volume and the moveable center of mass. Additionally, the WAY can be configured for surface or shallow water operations, resembling a size between a boat and a ship, suitable for passage-making with internal motors and without sails. This innovative vessel design aims to navigate through waves efficiently while minimizing unwanted motion and ensuring stability in varying sea conditions.
How to attract more business at ports?
4 answers
To attract more business at ports, a multifaceted approach is essential. Firstly, ports can enhance their attractiveness by integrating cargo operations into existing cruise domains, promoting shared identities, and enabling supply chain flows. Secondly, effective marketing communications play a crucial role in attracting and retaining customers, with a focus on tangibilizing the intangible services offered by seaports to reduce perceived risks. Additionally, ports should market themselves as comprehensive business environments, emphasizing amenities like mixed-use office complexes and links to other businesses to aid regional economic development. Lastly, fostering customer loyalty through relationship marketing tactics can significantly impact a port's financial and non-financial performance indicators, ultimately leading to increased profitability and business volume.