scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

What type of ratio is valuable in assessing risk for any collateral based loan such as a home or auto loan? 

Answers from top 9 papers

More filters
Papers (9)Insight
We find that banks with high loan to asset and high personal loan to assets ratios are more likely to survive.
This paper evaluates the signaling capability of the borrower's selected loan-to-value ratio, and finds the equity proportion of housing capital to be a good indicator of the loan's riskiness.
Our results show that collateral is especially valuable for small and medium-sized firms, riskier firms, credit lines, and longer-term loans, thus adding support to the moral hazard-based theories of collateral.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
336 Citations
A higher risk free interest rate of the economy and a smaller size of the loan increase the likelihood that a loan will be totally secured with collateral instead of partially secured.
For our sample, collateral overall is associated with lower loan risk premiums and a higher probability of ex post loan nonperformance (delinquency or default).
The strongest evidence in our paper emphasises the importance of borrower risk and loan cost in collateral determinants.
Expanding on existing theory and evidence, I predict that loan contracts will include covenants with ratios that are informative of credit risk based on borrower or contract characteristics.
For Conventional Banks, loan loss provision, debt-to-total asset ratio, REGCAP, size, earning management and Liquidity are significant factors influencing credit risk.
Combining these estimates with important other financial stability indicators, such as the development of initial loan-to-value ratios, we are able to conclude that at present, the risk to financial stability stemming from households in Austria is relatively low.

Related Questions

How can i measure risk?5 answersRisk can be measured using various approaches. One novel approach is to quantify the risk entailed in the process of knowledge recombination, which is a route to generate new knowledge by combining existing knowledge elements. Another approach is to use risk measures such as Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), which are important tools for quantifying the riskiness of financial transactions. Additionally, a risk measurement approach for risk-averse stochastic problems has been proposed, which explores the properties of risk measures and deviation measures, and provides connections to linear regression models and optimal replication hedging. Traditional risk measures based on the present value formula are also used in markets for managing risk in instruments and portfolios.
What are the important financial ratios in insurance companies?4 answersThe important financial ratios in insurance companies include liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, and profitability ratios. Liquidity ratios, such as the current ratio and fast ratio, measure the ability of insurance companies to cover their short-term liabilities with current assets. Solvency ratios, such as the total debt to equity ratio and total debt to asset ratio, assess the financial stability and long-term debt-paying ability of insurance companies. Profitability ratios, such as return on assets (ROA), evaluate the ability of insurance companies to generate profits from their total assets. These ratios provide insights into the financial performance and risk management of insurance companies.
What are the main ratios used in financial analysis?4 answersFinancial analysis utilizes various ratios to assess a company's performance. These ratios include liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, profitability ratios, and activity ratios. Liquidity ratios, such as the current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio, measure a company's ability to meet short-term obligations. Solvency ratios, such as the debt-to-assets ratio and debt-to-capital ratio, evaluate a company's long-term financial stability. Profitability ratios, such as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net profit margin (NPM), assess a company's ability to generate profits. Activity ratios, such as inventory turnover and accounts receivable turnover, measure a company's efficiency in managing its assets. These ratios provide valuable insights into a company's financial health and performance, aiding in decision-making and identifying areas for improvement.
How does finance ratio analysis impact risk?5 answersFinancial ratio analysis impacts risk by providing valuable information for assessing the financial health and vulnerability of companies. It helps in predicting business failure, detecting fraud, evaluating performance, and assessing the level of risk faced by non-profit organizations (NPOs). Financial ratios can be used to analyze the fundamentals of a company's financial ratios, such as profitability, liquidity, and activity ratios, which in turn provide insights into the company's ability to generate returns and meet its obligations. By analyzing financial ratios, investors can make informed decisions about stock investments and predict stock prices. Additionally, financial ratio analysis is used in efficient portfolio design and measuring returns adjusted to risk, which helps in making reward versus risk decisions. Overall, financial ratio analysis is a powerful tool for assessing risk and making informed financial decisions.
Is sharpe ratio a good way to measure risk?3 answersThe Sharpe ratio is a commonly used measure for evaluating risk-adjusted performance in investment analysis and risk management. However, the abstracts suggest that there are limitations to using the Sharpe ratio as a measure of risk.demonstrates that focusing on short-term performance based on the Sharpe ratio can be detrimental to long-term performance.introduces a generalized ranking measure that accounts for non-Normally distributed risks, indicating the need for alternative measures.anddiscuss the statistical testing and inference methods for the Sharpe ratio, highlighting the importance of accurate analysis. While the Sharpe ratio is widely used, it is important to consider its limitations and explore alternative measures to obtain a comprehensive understanding of risk.
What does a risk ratio of 0.8 mean?10 answers

See what other people are reading

Does Public Debt Crowd Out Corporate Investment? International Evidence?
5 answers
Public debt has been shown to crowd out corporate investment internationally. Research across advanced and emerging economies demonstrates a negative correlation between public debt and corporate investment, indicating a causal relationship where government debt tightens credit constraints, leading to reduced corporate investment. Moreover, studies focusing on specific regions like Turkey reveal that public debt composition, including public investment and debt stock, can crowd out private sector investments, with varying effects based on the type of debt. Additionally, findings from a study covering 40 countries suggest that government debt, especially when domestically financed, negatively impacts corporate leverage, indicating a crowding-out effect on corporate debt levels. These collective findings underscore the detrimental impact of public debt on corporate investment globally.
How to define the optimal credit granting strategy?
5 answers
The optimal credit granting strategy can be defined through various mathematical models and quantitative analyses. One approach involves utilizing evolutionary game theory to examine the interactions between banks and customers. Another method includes quantifying credit risk for enterprises and establishing a comprehensive credit risk system, followed by determining the optimal credit risk strategy for banks. Additionally, in the context of portfolio decision problems for risky investors, optimal strategies are characterized based on borrowing thresholds and first-order conditions, with direct financial implications on investment behavior. Furthermore, a model for legal financiers' strategies considers minimizing default probabilities while achieving profit targets, utilizing stochastic dynamics optimization and Monte Carlo simulations to derive financial strategies. These diverse approaches collectively contribute to defining an optimal credit granting strategy.
How to define the optimal credit granting strategy para pessoas de baixa renda?
5 answers
To define the optimal credit granting strategy for low-income individuals, a comprehensive approach is essential. Research suggests that credit risk quantification systems can aid in assessing the creditworthiness of borrowers. Understanding the dual nature of credit among low-income families, where it is seen as both empowering and risky, is crucial in formulating a balanced strategy. Additionally, considering the investor's behavior in risky investments and borrowing decisions can provide insights into optimal credit strategies, especially in scenarios where borrowing costs are high or when dealing with risky bonds. By integrating these insights and utilizing stochastic dynamics optimization models, banks can tailor credit strategies to minimize default probabilities while ensuring profitability targets are met. This holistic approach can help in defining a well-rounded and effective credit granting strategy for low-income individuals.
Is there any research that examines quantitatively/empirically the antecedents of return on assets (ROA) in companies?
4 answers
Several research studies have quantitatively examined the antecedents of Return on Assets (ROA) in companies. One study focused on pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia during the Covid-19 outbreak, revealing that Inventory Turnover Ratio significantly impacts ROA, moderated by firm size. Another study highlighted the positive and significant influence of ROA on Stock Returns, indicating that higher ROA leads to increased profitability and stock prices. Additionally, a study on privately owned deposit banks in Turkiye found that liquidity and non-interest income ratios positively impact ROA, while equity has a negative effect. Furthermore, an empirical study on banking sector companies in Indonesia demonstrated the significant effect of ROA on stock prices. Lastly, a study on the automotive sector in Indonesia revealed that working capital turnover, firm size, and debt to equity ratio influence ROA significantly.
What factors contribute to the growth and spread of Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) globally?
5 answers
Factors contributing to the growth and spread of Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) globally include market-driven strategies, access to finance, infrastructure, government policies, and market linkages. SMEs play a crucial role in economic development, creating jobs, and driving innovation. Challenges faced by SMEs include limited access to credit, lack of resources, and unfavorable business environments in emerging economies. Factors like access to working premises, market linkages, and owner motivation significantly impact the growth of SMEs in various sectors. Additionally, the ability of SMEs to adapt quickly to market demands and innovate continuously contributes to their success and economic impact. Overall, a supportive ecosystem comprising financial support, infrastructure development, and favorable government policies is essential for the sustained growth of SMEs globally.
How do technological factors affect adoption of machine learning by microfinance institutions ?
5 answers
Technological factors play a crucial role in influencing the adoption of machine learning by microfinance institutions (MFIs). Studies indicate that the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) significantly impacts the social efficiency of MFIs. Additionally, the use of technological innovations, such as computer-based technology, telephone, and internet, is related to various factors like board size, education level of employees, and investment in R&D, influencing the adoption of technology in MFIs. Furthermore, the growth of MFIs globally has been attributed to the integration of technology, including management information systems, internet banking, and electronic fund transfers, which have enhanced operational efficiency and outreach to the underserved populations. Therefore, technological advancements not only facilitate the adoption of machine learning in MFIs but also contribute to their overall social performance and growth.
How has the use of algorithm marketing contributed to the rise of BNPL (Buy Now, Pay Later) companies?
5 answers
The rise of BNPL companies has been significantly influenced by algorithm marketing strategies. BNPL services utilize algorithmically driven modes of operation to reshape relational monetary practices and govern borrowers. These companies redefine responsible lending and spending, positioning themselves as more inclusive and having fairer loan terms compared to traditional credit cards. By strategically framing their services to provide immediate materialistic satisfaction while downplaying the nature of BNPL as debt, algorithm marketing plays a crucial role in attracting young individuals without credit history and creating new indebted subjects. Additionally, BNPL services aim to normalize the use of credit for everyday purchases, particularly among lower-income families, by emphasizing responsible consumption as timely repayments.
Generalist CEOs are adept at translating cross-industry insights into innovative CSR strategies that benefit multiple stakeholders?
5 answers
Generalist CEOs, possessing transferable skills, play a crucial role in shaping various aspects of firms. They are associated with engaging in risky tax avoidance strategies, influencing social novelty and top management team dynamics, impacting credit ratings and borrowing costs, and potentially contributing to unethical practices like boardroom backscratching. While they may excel in certain areas, such as tax planning and TMT diversity, the presence of generalist CEOs can lead to lower credit ratings, higher borrowing costs, and unethical behaviors like boardroom backscratching. Therefore, although generalist CEOs can bring diverse perspectives and innovative strategies to CSR initiatives, their overall impact on multiple stakeholders may be mixed due to potential risks and ethical concerns associated with their managerial approaches.
Would generalist CEOs be adept at handling and benefitting multiple stakeholders?
4 answers
Generalist CEOs, who possess broad skills applicable across industries, may face challenges in handling multiple stakeholders. Research suggests that firms with generalist CEOs tend to exhibit lower credit ratings due to increased risk-taking behaviors. These CEOs are associated with higher borrowing costs, such as bond yields and loan spreads, potentially impacting stakeholder relationships. However, smaller boards, which are more likely to hire generalist CEOs, can mitigate agency costs associated with these CEOs, enhancing their managerial ability by 15.62%. While generalist CEOs may benefit shareholders, their risk propensity and credit rating implications could lead to misalignments with bondholders' interests, affecting stakeholder dynamics and organizational outcomes.
How do banks determine the interest rates and fees for installment loans?
5 answers
Banks determine interest rates and fees for installment loans through internal pricing methodologies like funds transfer pricing (FTP). These methodologies consider costs, risks, and regulatory impacts on loan pricing. Stochastic models are used to describe and predict loan default, with a focus on the probability distribution of total loss due to repayment default, especially for assessing large losses for insurance purposes. Additionally, installment repayment plans are generated by acquiring various repayment elements, determining unknown quantities based on input, and using preset strategies to establish repayment time and amount information, thus enhancing efficiency and reducing system resource occupation in updating repayment plans. Theoretical models derived from option pricing theory and game theory are also used to calculate interest rates, showing discrepancies between theoretical and actual rates due to various factors considered by banks in setting interest rates.
WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON INSURANCE agents in ghana?
5 answers
The impact of technology on insurance agents in Ghana is significant. Digital Health Technology (DHT) has been shown to reduce claim rejection rates and error margins in health insurance claims submitted to the National Health Insurance Authority in Ghana. Additionally, the strategic use of Information Technology (IT) in insurance companies like the State Insurance Company Limited in Ghana has improved workflow, reduced costs, and enhanced information retrieval processes. Moreover, coupling agricultural loans with drought index insurance has stimulated credit access and technology adoption among smallholder farmers in Ghana, indicating the positive influence of technology on insurance practices in the agricultural sector. Overall, technology plays a crucial role in enhancing efficiency, reducing errors, and expanding services in the insurance industry in Ghana.