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When is a good time to transplant apple tree? 

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Prudent landscape professionals can enhance chances for successful establishment by timing tree transplant operations to coincide with ideal seasonal conditions.
We conclude that reduced water uptake from frozen or cold soils impairs refilling and thus negatively impacts tree hydraulics and growth of apple trees in spring.
Daytime temperatures ≥5 °C at times during January also affects apple production adversely, probably because warm weather leads to tree deacclimation.
Because apple trees fruit an average of ~ 3 weeks earlier than hawthorn trees, this counter-balancing selection is stronger on apple-fly pupae.
In fall of year 4, the trees contained about 20 g N of which 50% was partitioned into leaves and fruit, indicating that the annual N uptake by young dwarf apple trees is low ( ≈10 g/tree).
Based on these results, it is suggested that the decrease in the photosynthesis rate of the sink-limited branch of a young apple tree 6 days after girdling is mainly caused by closing of the stomatal aperture and reduction of RuBPcase activity per leaf area.
NPK-fertigation commencing upon tree establishment is recommended for high-density apple orchards planted on similar coarse-textured soils.
This study also revealed, from the TRCSA point of view, that in apple tree farming microsprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation would be the best methods to be used under the natural and technological conditions discussed here.
Therefore, the maintenance of semi‐natural habitats within 500 m around apple orchards is highly recommended to enhance wild pollinator communities and apple production.
Tree age should therefore be taken into account when assessing the influence of evapotranspiration by apple trees on regional water budgets under our or similar climatic conditions.