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Which microscope is best for cell division in functional state? 

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Open accessJournal Article
B. D. Srinivasan, C.V. Harding 
17 Citations
The lens epithelium is, in several respects, very useful for studies on cell division.
Thus an atomic force microscope can be used for high-resolution real-time studies of the dynamic subcellular mechanisms that drive cell behavior.
This imaging microscope is particularly useful for measurements of small-size samples that undergo rapid chemical or biochemical reactions, e. g., activities of a single biological cell.
We describe a technique with a high rate of success, which can be used to identify a particular cell in the light microscope and then to embed and thin-section it for electron microscopy.
We present an easy-to-use combination of an atomic force microscope (AFM) and an epi-fluorescence microscope, which allows live cell imaging under physiological conditions.
Our cell deposition microscope is capable of patterning different cell types onto and within standard cell research devices and providing on-stage incubation for long-term cell culturing.
After discussion of other methods it is concluded that the most useful general approach, at least for cultured cells, is to first permeabilize or break open the cells in a medium which preserves the structure under study in a functional state as, for example, the movement of chromosomes along the division spindle, or transport of proteins within the Golgi region.
This method will allow routine cell counting using a plain bright-field microscope without cell-line modification or cell staining.
The microscope will be easily portable by a rat or mouse and thus should enable functional imaging in freely behaving animals.
The unique configuration of this integrated microscope allows for the simultaneous acquisition of both anatomical (structural) and functional imaging information with particular emphasis for applications in the fields of tissue engineering and cell biology.

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What is the role of cell division in the growth and development of multicellular organisms?5 answersCell division plays a crucial role in the growth and development of multicellular organisms by determining cell arrangement, size, and shape. It influences tissue morphology by reducing mechanical stress and reinforcing the cell wall network, potentially aligning with maximal tensile stress directions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing cell division is vital to prevent aberrant divisions leading to tumor formation. In animal cells, defects in cell growth and division pathways can result in abnormal proliferation and cancer development. The pattern of cell division is essential for proper development, with animal cytokinesis mediated by a contractile ring and plant cytokinesis involving the assembly of a cell plate from Golgi-derived vesicles. Overall, cell division is intricately linked to mechanical stress, tissue morphology, and proper development in multicellular organisms.
What happens during cell division?5 answersDuring cell division, eukaryotic cells undergo a coordinated remodelling of their cytoskeleton and membranes. This includes the segregation of chromosomes, assembly of new cellular structures, disassembly or remodelling of pre-existing organelles, distribution and reforming of organelles and cytoplasm, and remodelling of the plasma membrane. Membrane remodelling is crucial for the proper distribution of organelles and cytoplasm during division. The cell division cycle ensures the complete replication and segregation of chromosomal DNA into daughter cells. The process of cell division involves dynamic changes in the stress field exerted by dividing cells, with sequential changes in the localization and strength of traction stress. The structure of the cytoskeleton undergoes significant changes during cell division, with microtubules and actin-containing filaments disassembling into subunits or small oligomers, while intermediate filaments collapse into a meshwork associated with the nuclear membrane. Protein phosphorylation plays a role in timing the assembly of key components of the division machinery.
At what age cell division stops?8 answers
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