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Why are people scared of graphene oxide? 

Toxicity
Graphene
Nanomaterials
Inhalation
Graphite oxide

Answers from top 10 papers

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Papers (10)Insight
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Modeling of Graphite Oxide
Danil W. Boukhvalov, Mikhail I. Katsnelson 
16 Jul 2008-Journal of the American Chemical Society
729 Citations
In particular, it explains why it is so difficult to reduce the graphite oxide up to pure graphene.
Journal Article•DOI
Glycyrrhizic acid, active component from Glycyrrhizae radix, prevents toxicity of graphene oxide by influencing functions of microRNAs in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
Yunli Zhao, Ruhan Jia, Yan Qiao, Dayong Wang 
01 Apr 2016-Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine
36 Citations
FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Exposure to graphene oxide may pose toxic effects to health, as suggested in animal studies.
Journal Article•DOI
Graphene-family nanomaterials in wastewater treatment plants
Octavio Suárez-Iglesias, Sergio Collado, Paula Oulego, Mario Díaz 
01 Apr 2017-Chemical Engineering Journal
111 Citations
Besides, graphene oxide has a negative effect on the biological treatment.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Graphene Oxidation: Thickness-Dependent Etching and Strong Chemical Doping
Li Liu, Sunmin Ryu, Michelle R. Tomasik, Elena Stolyarova, Naeyoung Jung, Mark S. Hybertsen, Michael L. Steigerwald, Louis E. Brus, George W. Flynn 
19 Jun 2008-Nano Letters
884 Citations
This strongly doped graphene is very different from "graphene oxide" made by mineral acid attack.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Assessment of the toxic potential of graphene family nanomaterials
Xiaoqing Guo, Nan Mei 
01 Mar 2014-Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
357 Citations
Graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide elicit toxic effects both in vitro and in vivo, whereas surface modifications can significantly reduce their toxic interactions with living systems.
Journal Article•DOI
Reduced fecundity and cellular changes in Acheta domesticus after multigenerational exposure to graphene oxide nanoparticles in food.
Marta Dziewięcka, P. Witas, Julia Karpeta-Kaczmarek, Jolanta Kwaśniewska, Barbara Flasz, Katarzyna Balin, Maria Augustyniak 
01 Sep 2018-Science of The Total Environment
24 Citations
It is possible that graphene oxide can cause multigenerational harmful effects.
Journal Article•DOI
Ocular toxicity of reduced graphene oxide or graphene oxide exposure in mouse eyes
Wenzhen An, Ying Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Kang Li, Yujun Kang, Shahnaz Akhtar, Xueli Sha, Lan Gao 
01 Sep 2018-Experimental Eye Research
48 Citations
HIGHLIGHTSReduced Graphene Oxide & Graphene Oxide can cause potential environmental hazards. Mechanism of ocular toxicity of the materials is complex but not to be identified. Short‐term exposure tests indicate: Graphene Oxide has apparent ocular toxicity.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Graphene oxide selectively targets cancer stem cells, across multiple tumor types: implications for non-toxic cancer treatment, via "differentiation-based nano-therapy".
Marco Fiorillo, Marco Fiorillo, Andrea Francesco Verre, Maria Iliut, Maria Peiris-Pagès, Béla Ózsvári, Ricardo Gandara, Anna Rita Cappello, Federica Sotgia, Aravind Vijayaraghavan, Michael P. Lisanti 
23 Feb 2015-Oncotarget
173 Citations
In striking contrast, graphene oxide is non-toxic for “bulk” cancer cells (non-stem) and normal fibroblasts.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI
Short-term inhalation study of graphene oxide nanoplates.
Young Hun Kim, Mi Seong Jo, Jin Kwon Kim, Jae Hoon Shin, Jin Ee Baek, Hye Seon Park, Hyo Jin An, Jong Seong Lee, Boowook Kim, Hoi Pin Kim, Kang Ho Ahn, KiSoo Jeon, Seung Min Oh, Ji Hyun Lee, Tomomi Workman, Elaine M. Faustman, Il Je Yu 
01 Feb 2018-Nanotoxicology
27 Citations
Importantly, similar to previously reported graphene inhalation data, this short-term nose-only inhalation study found only minimal or unnoticeable graphene oxide toxicity in the lungs and other organs.
Journal Article•DOI
Effect of graphene oxide on mechanical and durability performance of concrete
Sanglakpam Chiranjiakumari Devi, Rizwan Ahmad Khan 
01 Jan 2020-Journal of building engineering
98 Citations
Graphene oxide (GO) may have a huge impact in construction industry in near future.

Related Questions

How Can get rid of Graphene Oxide NPS from human body?5 answersTo eliminate Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles (NPs) from the human body, various approaches can be considered based on the research findings. Studies suggest that the biotransformation of Graphene Oxide (GO) in simulated lung fluids can alter its properties, affecting its interaction with cells and potential long-term side effects. Additionally, the use of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) as alternative hemosorbents for targeted removal of proinflammatory cytokines shows promise for rapid removal of sepsis-related molecules from the bloodstream. Furthermore, the reduction of Graphene Oxide to Graphene nanoparticles using eco-friendly methods like Amla juice extracts can potentially reduce the toxicity of the material, making it safer for use in biomedical applications. These insights highlight the importance of considering biotransformation, targeted removal, and eco-friendly reduction methods for managing Graphene Oxide NPs in the human body.
Are people scared of AI?3 answersPeople's opinions on AI vary. Some express concerns about AI privacy, particularly in the US, focusing on privacy disclosure by AI applications. Others question whether AI systems should be allowed to conceal their true nature and lie for our benefit. Trust in algorithmic decisions also varies, with emerging research suggesting that people trust human decisions more than algorithmic ones. However, different populations, particularly marginalized communities, may have different levels of trust in human decision-makers. The threat of AI is often seen as AI giving a small group of humans power over the rest of us, posing temptations of wealth and power. Overall, while some people may be scared of AI, others may have more nuanced opinions based on factors such as privacy concerns, trust in human decision-makers, and the potential misuse of AI.
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