Showing papers on "10G-PON published in 2003"

A bandwidth guaranteed polling MAC protocol for Ethernet passive optical networks

Abstract: While the backbone networks have experienced substantial changes in the last decade; the access networks have not changed much. Recently, passive optical networks (PONs) seem to be ready for commercial deployment in access networks due to the maturity of a number of enabling technologies, long distance and reduced maintenance. Among PON technologies, the Ethernet PON (EPON) presently being standardized by the IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet in the first miles (EFM) task force is most attractive because of its high speed, low cost, familiarity, interoperability and low overhead. In this paper, we propose a novel bandwidth guarantee polling (BGP) scheme that will allow the upstream bandwidth to be shared based on the service level agreement (SLA) between each subscriber and the operator. It is able to provide bandwidth guarantee for premium subscribers according to the SLAs while providing best-effort service to other subscribers. The analytical and simulation results prove that the proposed scheme does best in what it is designed to do compared to another well-known scheme that has not considered providing differentiated services. With business customers preferring premium services with guaranteed bandwidth and residential users preferring low-cost best effort services, our scheme could benefit both groups of subscribers as well as the operators.

Optical Network Control: Architecture, Protocols, and Standards

Abstract: Optical Network Control is the first expert guide and single-source reference for controlling and managing optical networks. This book fills the gap between optical network engineering and routing/signaling-helping both optical and IP professionals build networks that are more robust, flexible, manageable, and profitable. Coverage includes: Designing networks to deliver a range of on-demand services from mission-critical, time-sensitive protected services to low-cost unprotected services Network control and operations in WDM/DWDM and SONET/SDH environments Control principles and features for evolving mesh-based optical networks and existing ring networks-with practical examples Emerging, proposed, and future optical routing/signaling protocols and standards including GMPLS, ASON and Optical UNI Optical network control planes: design, scenarios, interworking, and interactions with existing network management systems Crucial IETF, ITU-T, OIF, ANSI, Bellcore, and industry information-brought together for the first time

Light core and intelligent edge for a flexible, thin-layered, and cost-effective optical transport network

Abstract: We present a new optics-based transport architecture that emulates fast switching in the network core via emerging fast tunable lasers at the network edge, and bypasses the need for fast optical switching and buffering. The new architecture is capable of handling both asynchronous and synchronous traffic, for dealing with various bandwidth granularities and responding to dynamic changes in end-to-end traffic demands. The architecture also reduces the amount of layering in the transport network by eliminating packet and TDM switching, keeps the network core light (lightweight and transparent), and pushes intelligence to the network edge. We discuss technical challenges that arise in the new architecture and describe possible approaches to address them.

A WDM-based optical access network for wide-area gigabit access services

Abstract: This article proposes and demonstrates a WDM-based access network that directly connects end users over a wide area to the center node and provides guaranteed full-duplex Gigabit Ethernet access services to each of over 100 users. The center node employs an optical carrier supply module that generates not only the optical carriers for the downstream signals but also those for the upstream signals. The latter are supplied to optical network units (ONUs) at users' homes/buildings via the network. Since the ONUs simply modulate the optical carriers supplied from the center node via the network, they are wavelength-independent.

Optical satellite networks

Abstract: This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art optical crosslink technology. It examines architectures that combine other technologies to form an integrated space and terrestrial network, and explores the space of possible revolution in network performance and application that are enabled by such a key technological innovation.

Inter-domain dynamic routing in multi-layer optical transport networks

Abstract: Next-generation optical transport networks will automatically and dynamically provision end-to-end connections. In this paper, we study the problem of inter-domain dynamic routing under a multi-layer multi-domain network model, which allows the end-to-end connections to be set up not only across multiple routing domains but also through two transport layers: the optical layer and the digital layer. In this model, a connection can traverse the domain boundary either through optical bypass or through optical-electrical-optical (O/E/O) processing. We propose an inter-domain dynamic routing scheme with modest time complexity to address the problem from an algorithmic perspective.

In-house networks using multimode polymer optical fiber for broadband wireless services

Abstract: A novel system concept is presented to transport microwave signals over an in-house multimode graded-index polymer optical fiber network, in order to feed the radio access points in high-capacity wireless LANs. By employing optical frequency multiplying, the network's intrinsically limited bandwidth is overcome. The feasibility of this concept to carry data at several hundreds of Mbit/s speed for various microwave signal formats at carrier frequencies in the tens of GHz range is shown. The concept enables cost-effective system implementation, and easy upgrading by offering data signal transparency. It can readily be integrated with other system technologies such as wired Gigabit Ethernet in a single multi-service in-house polymer optical fiber network.

Optical add/drop multiplexers and optical cross-connects for wavelength routed networks

Abstract: WDM optical communication systems are evolving from simple point-to-point links to complex network architectures. In wavelength routed networks switching is performed through optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) and optical cross-connect (OXC) nodes. These nodes provide provisioning capabilities as well as protection and restoration at the optical layer. Routing and management of the traffic demands are applied through the generalised multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) a control plane offering intelligence at the optical layer. A central subject of debate has been the comparison of optical and electrical switching technologies, however transparent solutions offer attractive features associated with reduced unnecessary optoelectronic conversions supporting transparent networks with reduced capital and operational cost. A number of different OADM and OXC architectures based on various technologies have been proposed to date. A detailed discussion on the different architecture and technology choices supporting a variety of features are given and specific design and implementation examples are analysed. The impact of impairments introduced by transparent elements present in the network, such as OADM and/or optical switches, is discussed and optimised solutions introducing low penalties proposed. In addition, the use of novel modulation formats improving the concatenation performance of such elements is covered.

Demand-wise shared protection for meshed optical networks

Abstract: In this paper, a new shared protection mechanism for meshed optical networks is presented. Significant network design cost reductions can be achieved in comparison to the well-known 1+1 protection scheme. Demand-wise shared protection (DSP) bases on the diversification of demand routings and exploits the network connectivity to restrict the number of backup lightpaths needed to provide the desired level of protection. Computational experiments approve the benefits of the concept DSP for cost efficient optical network designs.

Ethernet-based passive optical local-area networks for fiber-to-the-desk application

Abstract: We introduce optical local-area network (LAN) architectures based on multimode optical fiber and components, short wavelength lasers and detectors, and the widely used fast Ethernet protocol These architectures are designed to lower the costs associated with passive optical LAN implementation Further reduction in overall cost is achieved through decreased network downtime, lower maintenance cost, extended geometrical spans, and larger headroom for future capacity increase These optically transparent networks represent a novel approach for implementing fiber-to-the-desk

The optical network control plane: state of the standards and deployment

Abstract: The notion of an optical control plane has rapidly ascended from being a mere concept to a detailed set of protocol standards developed with broad industry participation. In this article we present a brief overview of optical control plane architecture and the associated protocols. We then examine the business drivers and inhibitors behind the optical control plane effort, the current state of the standards, interoperability status, and the open issues that need to be resolved before widescale deployment of this new technology can begin.

Optical layer survivability: a post-bubble perspective

Abstract: We revisit the topic of optical layer protection from a motivation and deployment perspective. We first discuss the changes that have occurred in optical networking in general and the implications for protection. We then discuss scenarios where optical protection makes sense, recognizing that other fast protection schemes at the client layer provide viable alternatives in certain cases. Our conclusion is that optical protection makes sense for metro networks, as long as they are based on simple dedicated schemes. When it gets to more complex shared ring and mesh protection, we believe that OEO-based schemes are more viable, whether crossconnect-based or packet-switch-based.

Next-generation optical networks as a value creation platform

Abstract: In this article we discuss the role of the next-generation optical networks and introduce enabling technologies that support network evolution. The role of networks is undergoing change and is becoming a platform for value creation. In addition to providing new services, networks have to accommodate steady traffic growth and guarantee profitability. We envision a next-generation optical network as the combination of an all-optical core and an adaptive shell operated by intelligent control and management software suites. Possible technological innovations are introduced in devices, transmission technologies, nodes, and networking software, which will contribute to attain a flexible and cost-effective next-generation optical network. New values will be created by the new services provided through these networks, which will change the ways we do businesses and go about our private lives.

An overview of passive optical networks

Abstract: This paper gives an overview of past and recent developments of Passive Optical Networks (PON's). Such networks currently receive a lot of intention as a means to relieve the so-called last-mile bottleneck in today's broadband networks using optical fiber technology. Several important multiplexing techniques are highlighted, with an emphasis on Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). An overview of current standards is given, together with emerging standards for advanced broadband PON networks.

Data transmission method in gigabit ethernet passive optical network

Abstract: Disclosed is a upstream data transmission method in a gigabit Ethernet-passive optical network (GE-PON) system. In the GE-PON system including an optical line termination having a scheduler and optical network units connected to the optical line termination, the optical line termination receives bandwidth allocation request signals from the optical network units at a start of a first cycle, allocates transmission bandwidths to the respective optical network units in accordance with the bandwidth allocation request signals, and transmits the allocated transmission bandwidths to the respective optical network units before a second cycle that follows the first cycle.

FTTH access network protection using a switch

Abstract: Protection against equipment and cable failures in the local loop is crucial to ensure continuous services to the end-users. ITU-T proposed protection schemes for FTTH networks are mostly to be implemented by having redundant network equipments or introducing backup optical fiber cables. These approaches are not economical, as redundant systems are not fully utilized by the network. Here, we propose a novel protection scheme for the fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) access network in the local loop. The advantages of this technique compared to other schemes are addressed in this paper. The survival of the network is studied by terminating the supporting optical line terminal (OLT) unit one after another. The number of optical node units (ONU) supported by the network is analyzed and reported in this paper with simulation results showing that the number of supportable ONUs exceed the FSAN standard value by 25% for every OLT added. The studies were carried out for four different traffic priorities.

Passive optical network system providing simultaneously both broadcasting service and data service

Abstract: A passive optical network system is disclosed that simultaneously provides both broadcasting service and data service. The passive optical network (PON) amplifies the optical signals for the broadcasting service in an optical amplifier media of the local office by pumping optical signals generated from the central office and provides the optical signals for the broadcasting service to the subscriber terminals. Therefore, the present invention can simultaneously provide broadcasting service and data service for more subscribers without reducing the number of subscribers to the PON. Also, the present invention uses a plurality of optical sources for the data service and the broadcasting service and receives the optical signals generated from the optical sources by using a plurality of optical receivers in the subscriber terminals, and thus can provide a greater amount and variety of data services and broadcasting services.

A protocol to implement Ethernet over PON

Abstract: In this paper we propose a solution to implement Ethernet over PON using two unidirectional channels for access networks. The protocol called TUR is efficient and scalable and easy to implement using conventional mature technologies. We discuss strategies to deploy both upstream as well as downstream communication. Possible end-user designs are also discussed in connection to the protocol. A simulation study verifies the protocol and compares to contemporary solutions.

Optical slot size dimensioning in IP/MPLS over OPS networks

Abstract: Current optical technology allows an easy implementation of synchronous, time-slotted optical networks. In contrast, traffic in electrical domain (for instance IP) mainly consists of asynchronous, variable length packets. Therefore a packet format adaptation process is needed between electrical and optical domains, the optical slot size being in this process a crucial parameter, which strongly influences the bandwidth utilisation and determines the overall network performance. In this paper we address the problem of designing this adaptation layer and of dimensioning the optical slot size in IP/MPLS over optical packet switched networks. Three different optical packet formats, namely fixed-length packet, slotted variable-length packet, and fixed-length packet with traffic aggregation are discussed. To find the optimum size, the efficiency of such formats are evaluated by simulations.

Construction of light-trees for WDM multicasting under splitting capability constraints

Abstract: Communication systems with all-optical multicasting have better performance than those using optical/electrical/optical conversion. Multicast protocols assume that all nodes in the network can forward the signal from one input to several outputs. Since fabrication of an optical switch with splitting capability is an expensive technology, there are few switches that are multicast capable. The heuristics designed for all-optical networks have to handle this limitation. We introduce a shortest path based forest algorithm for all-optical networks. We propose a post-processing algorithm to reduce the number of wavelengths needed. The effect of this post-processing algorithm is also examined in a well-known approach.

Passive optical network layout in Manhattan

Abstract: In this paper, we discuss the passive optical network (PON) deployment on an arbitrary grid. We show that this problem in general is NP-hard. We propose an algorithm, which guarantees a solution of 3-approximation to the optimal deployment, and further argue that this is the best lower bound achievable in our case.

Intelligence in optical networks

Abstract: Optical networks need added intelligence and performance at the edge to efficiently link broadband access infrastructure to the optical multi-provider transport environment. Intelligent edge ruting platforms deliver carrier-class performance and reliability essential to the delivery of next-generation services requiring end-to-end QoS, diversified levels of security and users' network self-configuration. This digest paper is basing mainly on special issue of IEEE Com. Mag devoted to this subject.

An ONU design for EPON-based access network

Abstract: Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) is an emerging access network technology that provides a low-cost method of deploying optical access lines between a carrier's central office (CO) and a customer site The EPON can provide more bandwidth than xDSLs which are most widely deployed broadband solutions In this paper, we propose a cost effective structure of optical network unit (ONU) for EPON The proposed ONU is suitable for apartment that is a typical residential model in Korea The ONU system can process layer 2 functions such as VLAN, bandwidth management, priority control, etc In addition to these layer 2 functions, other services, such as L2 IGMP snooping, can be deployed easily

Applying GMPLS on optical Ethernet: a hybrid approach

Abstract: A new hybrid scheme that combines GMPLS QoS features with merged reconfigurable optical and Ethernet layer is proposed. It achieves a highly efficient and cost-effective optical Ethernet system viable for LAN/MAN/WAN. A testbed based on this scheme is also presented.

Supporting the rollout of broadband in Europe: optical network research in the IST program

Abstract: The introduction of affordable broadband services and applications will drive the next phase of deployment of optical networks. Research on optical networks and related photonics technologies, which has been a key element of the European Union's Research Programs over the past 15 years, has evolved in line with industry and market developments, and will continue, with a strong focus on broadband, in the Information Society Technologies (IST) priority of the new Framework Six Program. The infrastructure to deliver "broadband for all" is seen as the key future direction for optical networking, and the key growth market for industry.

More light in Polish optical fibers

Abstract: Optical communications infrastructure is undergoing an intense development in his country now. A number of international investors and domestic operators are building from the beginning, modernizing or developing proprietary network or leasing wide area systems on a large scale. The aggregate level of these processes is of the order of bil $. Despite of this the network is not homogeneous, has not satisfactory bandwidth, lacks the QoS, has inadequate international connections, and (according to prevailing opinions) the prices are too high for corporate as well as private users. The intense development of the optical infrastructure is governed by two dominant tendencies: burying new large, fat, optical pipes--cables containing even as much fibers as 500 (for C, L and XL optical bands) and investments in DWDM for main traffic directions (previously working in 1300 nm band).

The analysis of the effective utilization of PON and VDSL technologies in the access network

Abstract: In this paper, we present basic demands on the access network and main properties of the optical access network and the optical distribution network. A substantial attention is dedicated to the analysis of the effective utilization of PON and VDSL technologies in the access network. This analysis is divided into two parts - a determination of numbers of VDSL subscribers connected to the ONU and a specification of the utilization of the transmission channel capacity by particular ONUs.

40/spl times/10.7 Gbit/s DWDM transmission over a meshed ULH network with dynamically re-configurable optical cross connects

Abstract: DWDM transmission of 40/spl times/10.7 Gbit/s channels is successfully demonstrated over a meshed, 1,700 km mixed fiber-type network with dynamically re-configurable optical cross connects, functional add-drop and dynamic gain equalization.

Resource management in an integrated optical network

Abstract: We propose a novel integrated optical network switching architecture. The proposal offers an approach to signaling for the purpose of transport on an all-optical network of optical and nonoptical legacy network traffic. In order to provide effective end-to-end control and efficient transport services, new signaling and control techniques are required. Standard organizations such as Optical Interworking Forum (OIF) and Internet Engineering Task Force have developed interface methods between client and transport networks, as well as signaling processes for resource allocation. We propose a network controller, which implements interfaces for such integration in the intermediate future, as well as provides a feasible path for the long-term objective of all optical networking. Performance and capacity issues for these systems introduce new dimensions to the existing set of networking problems, since optical paths can now be set up in real-time. There are two main contributions in this paper: (1) functional composition of a network controller, which translates legacy signaling to optical connection signaling and path establishment and (2) determining when to issue an optical connection request based on the current network conditions such as link utilization, so that the integrated optical network can operate efficiently. Analytical approximations, as well as simulation results for call blocking performance are also presented.