Topic
Abductive reasoning
About: Abductive reasoning is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1917 publications have been published within this topic receiving 44645 citations. The topic is also known as: abduction & abductive inference.
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TL;DR: Abductive reasoning, which is the basis of hypothesis formation, holds promise for facilitating the development of advanced empathy in counselor trainees as mentioned in this paper, and it has been shown that it can be used to train counselors with advanced empathy.
Abstract: Abductive reasoning, which is the basis of hypothesis formation, holds promise for facilitating the development of advanced empathy in counselor trainees.
15 citations
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: The authors compare Kant's Critique of Pure Reason as a logic of science with the modern "Logic of Science" and find the profoundest point of difference between them in the fact that one is an analysis of "consciousness", the other an analysis "language".
Abstract: In comparing Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason as a Logic of Science with the modern ‘Logic of Science’ one might find the profoundest point of difference between them in the fact that one is an analysis of ‘consciousness’, the other an analysis of ‘language’
15 citations
01 Jul 2014
TL;DR: Though motivated with and exemplified by the running psychology application, the various new general abductive context definitions are introduced here and given a declarative semantics for the first time and have a much wider scope of application.
Abstract: The belief bias effect is a phenomenon which occurs when we think that we judge an argument based on our reasoning, but are actually influenced by our beliefs and prior knowledge. Evans, Barston and Pollard carried out a psychological syllogistic reasoning task to prove this effect. Participants were asked whether they would accept or reject a given syllogism. We discuss one specific case which is commonly assumed to be believable but which is actually not logically valid. By introducing abnormalities, abduction and background knowledge, we adequately model this case under the weak completion semantics. Our formalization reveals new questions about possible extensions in abductive reasoning. For instance, observations and their explanations might include some relevant prior abductive contextual information concerning some side-effect or leading to a contestable or refutable side-effect. A weaker notion indicates the support of some relevant consequences by a prior abductive context. Yet another definition describes jointly supported relevant consequences, which captures the idea of two observations containing mutually supportive side-effects. Though motivated with and exemplified by the running psychology application, the various new general abductive context definitions are introduced here and given a declarative semantics for the first time, and have a much wider scope of application. Inspection points, a concept introduced by Pereira and Pinto, allows us to express these definitions syntactically and intertwine them into an operational semantics.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new approach to fault section estimation in power systems is presented based upon a modified abductive inference model and the tabu search method, which simultaneously takes into account the operating reliabilities of protective relays and circuit breakers and the degree of correctness of received and non-received alarm data in a formal and systematic manner.
Abstract: A new approach to fault section estimation in power systems is presented based upon a modified abductive inference model and the tabu search method. The developed fault section estimation model can simultaneously take into account the operating reliabilities of protective relays and circuit breakers and the degree of correctness of received and nonreceived alarm data in a formal and systematic manner. In the modified abductive inference model, a criterion for describing the relative plausibility of different diagnosis hypotheses is available. Based on this criterion, the fault section estimation problem is then formulated as a 0-1 integer programming problem, and a tabu search (TS) approach is presented for solving the problem. A sample power system is served for demonstrating the correctness of the developed abductive inference based fault section estimation model and the computational efficiency of the TS-based method.
15 citations
29 Sep 2004
TL;DR: It is argued that a logic-based planner, defined as the application of general purpose theorem proving techniques to a general purpose action formalism, can be a very solid base for the research on extending the classical planning approach.
Abstract: In this work we show how a planner implemented as an abductive reasoning process can have the same performance and behavior as classical planning algorithms. We demonstrate this result by considering three different versions of an abductive event calculus planner on reproducing some important comparative analyses of planning algorithms found in the literature. We argue that a logic-based planner, defined as the application of general purpose theorem proving techniques to a general purpose action formalism, can be a very solid base for the research on extending the classical planning approach.
15 citations