Topic
Abductive reasoning
About: Abductive reasoning is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1917 publications have been published within this topic receiving 44645 citations. The topic is also known as: abduction & abductive inference.
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07 Feb 2005TL;DR: The methodology of System Dynamics-based modeling is argued to be a powerful and rigorous approach to theory-building that lies in its high standards for model validation, and in a combination of abductive reasoning with induction and deduction.
Abstract: System Dynamics is a discipline for the modeling, simulation and control of complex dynamic systems. In this contribution, the methodology of System Dynamics-based modeling is argued to be a powerful and rigorous approach to theory-building. The strength of the pertinent process of theory development lies in its high standards for model validation, and in a combination of abductive reasoning with induction and deduction. The argument of the paper is underpinned by an application of System Dynamics to the elaboration of a theory in the new field of Cultural Dynamics.
7 citations
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01 Jun 2022TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a new task and dataset, Visual Abductive Reasoning (VAR), for examining abductive reasoning ability of machine intelligence in everyday visual situations.
Abstract: Abductive reasoning seeks the likeliest possible explanation for partial observations. Although abduction is frequently employed in human daily reasoning, it is rarely explored in computer vision literature. In this paper, we propose a new task and dataset, Visual Abductive Reasoning (VAR), for examining abductive reasoning ability of machine intelligence in everyday visual situations. Given an incomplete set of visual events, AI systems are required to not only describe what is observed, but also infer the hypothesis that can best explain the visual premise. Based on our large-scale VAR dataset, we devise a strong baseline model, REASONER (causal-and-cascaded reasoning Transformer). First, to capture the causal structure of the observations, a contextualized directional position embedding strategy is adopted in the encoder, that yields discriminative represen-tations for the premise and hypothesis. Then, multiple de-coders are cascaded to generate and progressively refine the premise and hypothesis sentences. The prediction scores of the sentences are used to guide cross-sentence information flow in the cascaded reasoning procedure. Our VAR bench-marking results show that REASONER surpasses many famous video-language models, while still being far behind human performance. This work is expected to foster future efforts in the reasoning-beyond-observation paradigm.
7 citations
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29 Oct 1991TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-theory framework is presented where both abduction and dynamic theory composition are modelled in a logic programming setting, while a form of hypothetical reasoning is supported by abduction.
Abstract: A multi-theory framework is presented where both abduction and dynamic theory composition are modelled in a logic programming setting. In this framework the evolution of knowledge can be modelled by means of theory composition, while a form of hypothetical reasoning is supported by abduction. The semantics is expressed in terms of the standard semantics of logic programming (Herbrand models), by defining a compositional model-theory. A proof-theory is given in terms of inference rules, and soundness and completeness results are stated.
7 citations
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: The paper presents sketching as an integral part of the design epistemology, and a categorization of different dimensions in which sketching can be represented is presented.
Abstract: This paper proposes design sketching as a way to make abductive reasoning manifest and concrete. Through sketching, the abductive sensemaking leaves the domain of abstract logics and becomes part of the researchers or practitioner’s reflective practice. This practice is especially evident through incorporating sketching as more than a specific technique, but also as ways of applying design thinking through acting upon the world. The paper presents sketching as an integral part of the design epistemology. Furthermore, a categorization of different dimensions in which sketching can be represented is presented. The main contribution is a discussion of whether this broader view on sketching capacities in design leaves room for further exploration into extended sketching capacities for design.
7 citations