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Abductive reasoning

About: Abductive reasoning is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1917 publications have been published within this topic receiving 44645 citations. The topic is also known as: abduction & abductive inference.


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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
Posted ContentDOI
30 Sep 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors formalise and implement an agent model for cooperation under imperfect information, based on Theory of Mind (the cognitive ability to understand the mental state of others) and abductive reasoning (the inference paradigm that computes explanations from observations).
Abstract: In this paper, we formalise and implement an agent model for cooperation under imperfect information. It is based on Theory of Mind (the cognitive ability to understand the mental state of others) and abductive reasoning (the inference paradigm that computes explanations from observations). The combination of these two techniques allows agents to derive the motives behind the actions of their peers, and incorporate this knowledge into their own decision-making. We have implemented this model in a totally domain-independent fashion and successfully tested it for the cooperative card game Hanabi.
Journal ArticleDOI
05 Apr 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, a set of techniques and analysis strategies used by the authors in the evaluation of an agro industrial company that is part of the social and solidarity economy are presented.
Abstract: . This paper presents a set of techniques and analysis strategies used by the authors in the evaluation of an agro industrial company that is part of the social and solidarity economy. The purpose of this effort was to understand how the workers viewed the company and their role within this small community. The challenge of the research was intensified by the multicultural composition of the group. The research proceeded from an ontological perspective of critical realism and an interpretative epistemology, presupposing that the actions of individuals are shaped by collective social processes in specific times and places. Key informants were direct participants in adult education activities sponsored by the company and their parents, also employees. Apart from the semistructured interviews, other data sources were participant observation and field notes. The techniques used were effective in building a picture of the company based on the words and thought patterns of the informants, providing the basis for the formulation of recommendations for changes in the organizational structure and operational parameters of the business. One of the findings was that the systematic use of the techniques described in this paper allowed for a better understanding of abductive inference as a methodological approach. The methods and techniques described can be used and adapted by other researchers to extend further the generation of knowledge about the social and solidarity economy. Keywords: social and solidarity economy, nontraditional agribusiness, abductive inference, qualitative methods.
Proceedings Article
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: This paper discusses Default logic at both the proof-theoretic and semantics levels and shows that Default logic provides a clear and formal framework to understand the logical nature of commonsense reasoning.
Abstract: Commonsense reasoning is the reasoning of agents interacting with the real world. Non monotonic reasoning is a well developed research area gathering the logical formalisms that treat commonsense reasoning. One of the best known of such formalisms is Default logic. In this paper we discuss Default logic at both the proof-theoretic and semantics levels and show that Default logic provides a clear and formal framework to understand the logical nature of commonsense reasoning.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Non-monotonic reasoning originated in the field of artificial intelligence, and has become a rapidly growing area in the last decade, and this paper discusses two of the most prominent formalizations of common-sense reasoning.
Abstract: Classical logic is purely deductive by nature. This has a certain monotonicity as consequence: If a proposition is deducible from a set of premises, this statement is still deducible if we enlarge this set of premises. So new information can never invalidate old information. On the other hand, common-sense reasoning must be inductive in some way: Since we seldom know all the relevant information, we have to make assumptions which seem plausible at that moment, yet which may turn out to be wrong in the light of new information. Therefore, common-sense reasoning is "non-monotonic". However, traditional logic is insufficient to handle such a reasoning pattern. If you increase your set of premises with new information, this set may become inconsistent, so the reasoning based on classical logic alone will simply reduce to triviality, and consequently anything will be deducible. Non-monotonic reasoning originated in the field of artificial intelligence, and has become a rapidly growing area in the last decade. This paper discusses two of the most prominent formalizations of common-sense reasoning. No prior knowledge of formal logic is required.

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202356
2022103
202156
202059
201956
201867