Topic
Absolute dating
About: Absolute dating is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1777 publications have been published within this topic receiving 49377 citations. The topic is also known as: chronometric dating & calendar dating.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present results bearing on the sea level record for the past 130,000 years; they conclude that the last deglaciation started 3, 000 years earlier than previously thought and confirm that there were two surges in melt water at about 11 kyr and 14 kyr BP (before present).
Abstract: THE study of the sea level record during the last glacial cycle has primarily proceeded indirectly by means of oxygen isotope measurements on foraminifera from deep-sea sediments1,2. The direct approach of dating sea level indicators stagnated during the past decade, mainly because the samples required to complete our knowledge of the past glaciations are below the present-day sea level3–7. Using the 14C ages of Acropora palmata samples collected by drilling offshore the island of Barbados, Fairbanks8 presented the first detailed chronology for the last deglaciation. This radiocarbon chronology is limited to the past 30 kyr because of the short half-life of 14C (5,730 yr); we must therefore rely on other dating methods to obtain information for the whole last glacial cycle. During the past four years 230Th–234U dating of corals by thermal-ionization mass spectrometry has been shown to be significantly more precise and accurate than the classical α counting method9–14. We have used this technique to measure U–Th ages in coral samples from the Barbados collection and from subaerially exposed outcrops (see also ref. 15). Here we present results bearing on the sea level record for the past 130,000 years; we conclude that the last deglaciation started 3,000 years earlier than previously thought and confirm that there were two surges in melt water8 at about 11 kyr and 14 kyr BP (before present).
825 citations
428 citations
TL;DR: The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of sea water has changed significantly with time in response to the input of varying proportions of Sr derived from continental crust and upper mantle sources, as moderated and buffered by carbonate recycling as discussed by the authors.
401 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present new geochemical data on post-mid-Miocene lavas from the Tibetan plateau, which show that the lavas were derived from the lithospheric mantle.
Abstract: THE Tibetan plateau has had a central role in the development of recent models for the mechanics of mountain belts1,2 and Cenozoic global climate change3. The present elevation and extensional deformation of the plateau probably result from uplift owing to convective thinning of the underlying lithospheric mantle1,2. An age for the uplift would provide a valuable constraint on these models; but because recently proposed indicators of uplift are all climate-dependent, they are equivocal, possibly reflecting global cooling rather than regional uplift4. Here we present new geochemical data on post-mid-Miocene lavas from the plateau, which show that the lavas were derived from the lithospheric mantle. Simple thermal arguments indicate that the generation of such magmas also necessitates thinning of the lithospheric mantle. Thus volcanism is coincident with uplift, providing a climate-independent means of dating the onset of uplift. Dating by the laser 40Ar/39Ar technique places the beginning of this volcanism, and therefore the time of uplift of the Tibetan plateau, at 13 Myr ago.
386 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of radiometric dating is discussed and a framework for stratigraphic framework and terminology is presented. But this framework is not suitable for the application of radiocarbon dating in geochronology.
Abstract: Preface. 1 Introduction to Quaternary Dating. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 The development of Quaternary dating. 1.3 Precision and accuracy in dating. 1.4 Atomic structure, radioactivity and radiometric dating. 1.5 The Quaternary: stratigraphic framework and terminology. 1.6 The scope and content of the book. Notes. 2 Radiometric Dating 1: Radiocarbon Dating. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Basic principles. 2.3 Radiocarbon measurement. 2.4 Sources of error in radiocarbon dating. 2.5 Some problematic dating materials. 2.6 Calibration of the radiocarbon timescale. 2.7 Applications of radiocarbon dating. Notes. 3 Radiometric Dating 2: Dating using Long-lived and Short-lived Isotopes. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Potassium argon and Argon argon dating. 3.3 Uranium series dating. 3.4 Cosmogenic nuclide dating. 3.5 Dating using short-lived isotopes. Notes. 4 Radiometric Dating 3: Radiation Exposure Dating. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Luminescence dating. 4.3 Electron spin resonance dating. 4.4 Fission track dating. Notes. 5 Dating using Annually-Banded Records 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Dendrochronology. 5.3 Varve chronology. 5.4 Lichenometry. 5.5 Annual layers in glacier ice. 5.6 Other media dated by annual banding. Notes. 6 Relative Dating Methods. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Rock surface weathering. 6.3 Obsidian hydration dating. 6.4 Pedogenesis. 6.5 Relative dating of fossil bone. 6.6 Amino-acid geochronology. Notes. 7 Techniques for Establishing Age Equivalence. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Oxygen isotope chronstratigraphy. 7.3 Tephrochronology. 7.4 Palaeomagnetism. 7.5 Palaeosols. Notes. 8 Dating the future 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Radiometric dating. 8.3 Annually-banded records. 8.4 Age Equivalence. 8.5 Biomolecular dating. Notes. References. Index.
382 citations