Absorption band

About: Absorption band is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7457 publications have been published within this topic receiving 175744 citations. The topic is also known as: absorption spectral line & spectral absorption line.

Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium

Abstract: The optical constants of amorphous Ge are determined for the photon energies from 0.08 to 1.6 eV. From 0.08 to 0.5 eV, the absorption is due to k-conserving transitions of holes between the valence bands as in p-type crystals; the spin-orbit splitting is found to be 0.20 and 0.21 eV in non-annealed, and annealed samples respectively. The effective masses of the holes in the three bands are 0.49 m (respectively 0.43 m); 0.04 m, and 0.08 m. An absorption band is observed below the main absorption edge (at 300 °K the maximum of this band is at 0.86 eV); the absorption in this band increases with increasing temperature. This band is considered to be due to excitons bound to neutral acceptors, and these are presumably the same ones that play a decisive role in the transport properties and which are considered to be associated with vacancies. The absorption edge has the form: ω2ϵ2∼(hω−Eg)2 (Eg = 0.88 eV at 300 °K). This suggests that the optical transitions conserve energy but not k vector, and that the densities of states near the band extrema have the same energy-dependence as in crystalline Ge. A simple theory describing this situation is proposed, and comparison of it with the experimental results leads to an estimate of the localization of the conduction-band wavefunctions.

A Novel Aqueous Process for Preparation of Crystal Form-Controlled and Highly Crystalline BiVO4 Powder from Layered Vanadates at Room Temperature and Its Photocatalytic and Photophysical Properties

Abstract: BiVO4 photocatalysts for O2 evolution, which work under visible light irradiation, were prepared by an aqueous process. The BiVO4 photocatalysts were obtained by the reaction of layered potassium vanadate powder (KV3O8 and K3V5O14) with Bi(NO3)3 for 3 days in aqueous media at room temperature. Highly crystalline monoclinic and tetragonal BiVO4 were selectively synthesized by changing the ratio of vanadium to bismuth in the starting materials. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy measurements showed that the monoclinic BiVO4 was formed via a tetragonal BiVO4 intermediate. Tetragonal BiVO4 with a 2.9 eV band gap mainly possessed an ultraviolet absorption band while monoclinic BiVO4 with a 2.4 eV band gap had a characteristic visible light absorption band in addition to the UV band. The UV bands observed in the tetragonal and monoclinic BiVO4 were assigned to the band transition from O2p to V3d whereas the visible light absorption was due to the transition from a valence band formed by Bi6s or ...

Spectral Absorption and Fluorescence of Dyes in the Molecular State

Abstract: As Prof. R. W. Wood has stated on p. 648 of his ” Physical Optics” (3rd ed.) that no liquid or solution has been found to exhibit the slightest trace of resonance radiation, it seems of interest to record that the effect has now been observed. It has been found possible to prepare suspensions of many dyes in solids and liquids, which possess an extraordinarily narrow absorption band associated with fluorescence of slightly longer wave-length. Three more or less general methods of preparation have been discovered, which possess the common feature that they cause the dye to pass from the dissociated state in true solution, through a transitory molecular state which exhibits a characteristic absorption and fluorescence, to the crystalline state. The effect is shown in a particularly striking manner by the dye 1: 1 diethyl--cyanine chloride, for which details of the three methods of obtaining the molecular absorption spectrum are given.

Ag Nanocrystal Junctions as the Site for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Single Rhodamine 6G Molecules

Abstract: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements show that the Ag nanoparticles that yield surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of single molecules of Rhodamine (R6G) are all compact aggregates consisting of a minimum of two individual particles. Comparison of 514.5 and 632.8 nm excitation shows that the single molecule R6G signal is significantly higher when the excitation wavelength is resonant with the absorption band of R6G and suggests that the Raman excitation spectrum follows the absorption profile for R6G. We have also observed an interesting superlinear power dependence of the SERS signal. On average, by increasing the incident power by 2 orders of magnitude and decreasing the integration time by the same factor to maintain constant fluence, increases of 4 to 6 times were observed in the SERS intensity. We discuss these results in terms of model where the R6G molecule that yields single molecule SERS signals is located at the junction of two Ag nanoparticles. We have also modeled the system using m...