Accounting period

About: Accounting period is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 157 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2245 citations.

An IIFT block chain consensus algorithm

Abstract: The invention discloses an IIFT block chain consensus algorithm. Preparation nodes are prepared in a node pool; twenty-one accounting nodes in an accounting period are selected from the preparation nodes in the preparation node pool through random selection according to the accounting weight; The selected accounting nodes are ranked randomly again, each accounting node generates a block in a blockperiod and records the accounting node as a main node, and the main node broadcasts the generated block; After the main node broadcasts, other nodes in the preparation node pool verify the block andadd the block into an account book, and the accounting node sends a confirmation message to the main node; whether the transaction in the block is confirmed is determined according to the verificationcondition of the accounting node; And when the bookkeeping of all the bookkeeping nodes is finished, the bookkeeping period is finished, and all the bookkeeping nodes are offline. According to the method, the problem of'luxury unified treatment 'of the POS or the DPOS is effectively avoided, the enthusiasm of node participation is effectively encouraged, the risk of chain branching is effectivelyavoided, and the network overhead is also greatly reduced.

Account settlement data processing system

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an account settlement data processing system for suppressing the increase of calculation accompanied with the change of data for adjustment corresponding to a period after the end of the accounting period of a consolidation object company at the time of performing processing to convert the settlement data of the consolidation object company into the currency of a parent company for consolidated account settlement. SOLUTION: As for the settlement data of a sectional period included in the accounting period of a consolidation object company starting in the accounting period of a parent company, conversion processing from the currency of the consolidation object company into the currency of the parent company is executed in a status that the data for adjustment for the accounting period of the consolidation object company which ends in the accounting period of the parent company are not reflected. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Consecuencias tributarias de la falta de planeación fiscal en las empresas importadoras colombianas

Abstract: Because of the continuous changes in free trade treaties, bilateral agreements and tax transformations, modern critical-managerial thinking must include in its initial planning the possible tax and financial consequences that external factors, such as TRM, raw materials and the various fluctuations in some sectors, can generate on key variables for business operation. External changes and the decline in the production process, as a result of external variables, generate in the company a fiscal and financial incongruity, which in one way or another, proportionately influences the increase in demand and purchasing power of the consumer. The continuous rise in raw materials and the imposition of previously non-existent taxes have produced a disproportionate cessation of commercial activities in the Colombian company. Affections to the budget of purchases, surtax in the rates and customs taxes and the tributary consequences like the circumvention and the evasion are part of the transformations provoked by the behavior of the market at international level. This paper aims to determine the consequent tax of poor fiscal planning in Colombian import companies. For this the elements of the purchase plan were identified and the consequences on the purchasing power were established at the time of ignoring the tax liens. In the same way, customs taxes were evaluated and their impact on the production process and commercial activity of the company was analyzed, which determined that the lack of legal framework is one of the factors of affection on the strategic planning. Likewise, it was hypothesized that the cessation of commercial activities and the impact of the tax consequences on the importing company corresponded to the constant fluctuations of the international market and the deficiency of financial variables when executing the business planning for the fixation of production activities during the current accounting period. The methodology used during the development of the research process corresponded to the qualitative approach. As research tools we used the documentary analysis of available literature, from the spectrum of the theoretical construct, and the research comparison of current documents interrelated with the interest of structured research design. However, and despite the fact that in some points of the investigation the tax issue extends and deflected the investigative limits it was necessary to analyze non-objective subjects such as: mathematical, econometric and financial calculations in order to determine the capacity of the purchase plan or the function of its elements from an accounting and non-managerial point of view Finally, the tax consequences of the financial spectrum, the tax burden and errors in the economic projection of the company during the course of the annual budget cycle were identified. In conclusion, the present research offers a research perspective based on the documentary review of reports and analyzes of national interest corresponding to the economic impact in the Colombian company due to factors such as: external commercial instability, tax transmutation and ignorance of the current normative framework imposed by the customs system.

A Descriptive Study on Awareness and Knowledge of Small Business Budget in Selangor

Abstract: Budget is a quantified financial planning for a future accounting period. It concerns with the middle and long term plan for the year ahead. Budgets are a clear indication of what is expected to be achieved during the budget period. Budget preparation also motivating managers to strive in achieving the organizational goals, controlling activities and evaluating the performance of managers. Budget is not only useful to the well-established organization but actually it is important for small scale business. 160 set of questionnaires were distributed to the small businesses manager/owner in the state of Selangor to get their level of awareness and knowledge on budgeting. From the study, it was found that the awareness and knowledge level of small businesses owner on budget is in moderate pattern. Future studies could enhance to the awareness and knowledge level of the medium size organization on budget. Keyword: Budgetting, Small Business, Awareness,

Mobility and Long Term Equality of Opportunity

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology for evaluating long-term income distributions according to the equality of opportunity principle; we propose partial and complete rankings of long term income distributions and show the relationship between the inequality of opportunity in the single periods of time and inequality of opportunity in the long run. We show that this relationship can be interpreted in terms of intragenerational mobility. In general, it is possible to state that mobility can act as an equalizer of opportunities when the accounting period is extended.