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Showing papers on "Acetone published in 2015"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper suggests that the chemical conversion route is more preferable than the ABE process, because the reaction proceeds more quickly compared to the fermentation route and fewer steps are required to get to the product.

215 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a nitrogen-functionalized magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon (N-Fe/OMC) with uniform pore size and excellent magnetic property was fabricated through simple impregnation then polymerization and calcination.

139 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the choice and amount of organic solvent allows the rheological properties of the gel to be tuned, and the differences in properties arise from the microstructure of the fibre network formed.
Abstract: Gels can be formed by dissolving Fmoc–diphenylalanine (Fmoc–PhePhe or FmocFF) in an organic solvent and adding water. We show here that the choice and amount of organic solvent allows the rheological properties of the gel to be tuned. The differences in properties arise from the microstructure of the fibre network formed. The organic solvent can then be removed post-gelation, without significant changes in the rheological properties. Gels formed using acetone are meta-stable and crystals of FmocFF suitable for X-ray diffraction can be collected from this gel.

110 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of different catalysts on the plasma-catalytic process has been examined in terms of acetone removal efficiency, CO2 selectivity and the formation of by-products.

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This protocol delineates a methodology to combine solventogenic clostridial fermentation and chemical catalysis via extractive fermentation for the production of biofuel blendstocks.
Abstract: Clostridium acetobutylicum is a bacterial species that ferments sugar to a mixture of organic solvents (acetone, butanol and ethanol). This protocol delineates a methodology to combine solventogenic clostridial fermentation and chemical catalysis via extractive fermentation for the production of biofuel blendstocks. Extractive fermentation of C. acetobutylicum is operated in fed-batch mode with a concentrated feed solution (500 grams per liter glucose and 50 grams per liter yeast extract) for 60 h, producing in excess of 40 g of solvents (acetone, butanol and ethanol) between the completely immiscible extractant and aqueous phases of the bioreactor. After distillation of the extractant phase, the acetone, butanol and ethanol mixture is upgraded to long-chain ketones over a palladium-hydrotalcite (Pd-HT) catalyst. This reaction is generally carried out in batch with a high-pressure Q-tube for 20 h at 250 °C. Following this protocol enables the production of ∼0.5 g of high-value biofuel precursors from a 1.7-g portion of fermentation solvents.

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the conversion of ethanol to propene was examined on Ni ion-loaded silica MCM-41(Ni-M41), Sc-modified In2O3 (Sc/In 2O3), and a solid solution of Y2O 3-CeO2.

75 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the laminar flame speeds of C 3 oxygenated fuels ( n -propanol, propanal and acetone) and hydrocarbon (propane) were measured in a combustion bomb to compare combustion characteristics of C3 alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, and alkane.
Abstract: The laminar flame speeds of C 3 oxygenated fuels ( n -propanol, propanal and acetone) and hydrocarbon (propane) were measured in a combustion bomb to compare combustion characteristics of C 3 alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, and alkane Propanal shows the highest flame speeds while acetone gives the lowest one The experimental observations are further interpreted with chemical kinetic models The effects of distinctive molecular structures on the fuel consumption pathways are clarified Propanal generates a large H atom pool that enhances the oxidation, leading to the highest flame speeds However, acetone forms methyl radical (CH 3 ) and has lower flame speeds as a consequence The calculated maximum concentrations of H, OH, and CH 3 confirm this analysis It is found that propanal yields the highest H and OH concentrations while acetone produces the lowest H and OH concentrations among all tested fuels Moreover, acetone presents higher CH 3 concentration, especially for fuel rich condition n -Propanol and propane show comparable flame speeds and similar radical concentrations, especially H and OH The different kinetics among hydrocarbon species with the same carbon numbers can provide a horizontal view in the hierarchical hydrocarbon chemistry

74 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A highly sensitive acetone biochemical gas sensor (bio-sniffer) was developed and used to measure exhaled breath acetone concentration, and assess lipid metabolism based on Breath acetone analysis, and the concentration of acetone in breath was shown to significantly increase after exercise.

70 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction pathway of ethanol steam reforming on Co-ZrO 2 has been identified and the active sites associated with each step are proposed and the fundamental understanding of the ethanol steam-reforming reaction mechanisms on Co−Zr O 2 catalysts and sheds light on the rational design of selective and durable ethanol steam reforming catalysts.
Abstract: The reaction pathway of ethanol steam reforming on Co–ZrO 2 has been identified and the active sites associated with each step are proposed. Ethanol is converted into acetaldehyde and then into acetone, followed by acetone steam reforming. More than 90% of carbon was found to follow this reaction pathway. N 2 sorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy, as well as theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been employed to identify the structure and functionality of the catalysts, which was further used to correlate their performance in ethanol steam reforming (ESR). It was found that metallic cobalt is mainly responsible for the acetone steam-reforming reactions, while CoO and basic sites on the support play a key role in converting ethanol into acetone via dehydrogenation and condensation/ketonization reaction pathways. The current work provides fundamental understanding of the ethanol steam-reforming reaction mechanisms on Co–ZrO 2 catalysts and sheds light on the rational design of selective and durable ethanol steam-reforming catalysts.

64 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel upgrading method of bio-oil produced from fast pyrolysis of biomass was reported, where Methanol, as hydrogenation liquid donor, was used in the hydrogenation process instead of hydrogen gas.

63 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the gas-sensing properties of flame spray-made Co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles are systematically studied for detection of nitric oxide (NO), acetone (C3H6O) and ethanol (C2H5OH) gases occurred in human breathe.
Abstract: In the present work, gas-sensing properties of flame-spray-made Co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles are systematically studied for detection of nitric oxide (NO), acetone (C3H6O) and ethanol (C2H5OH) gases occurred in human breathe. Structural characterizations by electron microscopy and X-ray analysis confirmed the formation of loosely agglomerated SnO2 nanoparticles (5–20 nm) with highly crystalline tetragonal-cassiterite SnO2 structure and Co substitutional doping with Co2+ and Co3+ oxidation states. The gas-sensing properties of unload SnO2 and Co-doped SnO2 sensors were systematically tested towards NO, acetone and ethanol. Tested results indicated that small Co-doping levels in the range of 0.2–0.5 wt% led to enhanced sensing properties toward NO, acetone and ethanol compared with undoped one. In particular, 0.2 wt% Co-doped SnO2 sensor showed very high response of ∼1637–1000 ppm NO at 350 °C while 0.5 wt% Co-doped SnO2 one exhibited high responses of ∼660–2000 ppm acetone and ∼806–1000 ppm ethanol. Thus, Co-doped SnO2 sensors are potential for responsive detections of NO, acetone and ethanol at ppm-level but with limited selectivity and may be useful for general environmental, industrial and biomedical applications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose dehydration was studied using H3PO4 as catalyst, in an organic/water system with different solvents (acetone, 2-butanol and ethyl ether).
Abstract: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a key renewable platform compound for production of fuels and chemical intermediates. The production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose dehydration was studied using H3PO4 as catalyst, in organic/water system with different solvents (acetone, 2-butanol and ethyl ether). The effect of fructose concentration, temperature and acid concentration was investigated in acetone/water medium. The increase in fructose concentration favors the formation of condensation products and rehydration products are favored at high acid concentration. The solvents exhibited similar performance when the volume ratio of organic to aqueous phase was 1:1, but when this ratio increases to 2:1, the HMF yield obtained with ether was much lower. NaCl addition to the aqueous phase promoted the extraction of HMF to the organic phase, with an HMF yield of 80% in the case of 2:1 acetone/water medium.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sugar beet pulp (SBP) has been investigated as a promising feedstock for ABE fermentation by Clostridium beijerinckii but a pretreatment is needed to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation yields.

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Mar 2015-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, a micro-emulsion technology was used to extract bio-oil from sewage sludge using different organic solvent (methanol, ethanol, or acetone) at temperature of 260-380°C.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect and interaction between two kinds of compounds, including acetic acid and phenol, in the in situ hydrogenation of a RANEY® Ni catalyst under a N2 atmosphere in water.
Abstract: The hydrogenation of furfural was studied over a RANEY® Ni catalyst (RN) under a N2 atmosphere in water. Methanol, as a hydrogen donor, was used for hydrogenation via a reforming reaction. Additives, including acetone, acetic acid and phenol, were deliberately added in the in situ hydrogenation process of furfural to investigate the effect and interaction between two kinds of compounds. The results showed that the conversion of furfural decreased to some extent and the product distribution changed a lot because of second additives. Furfuryl alcohol (FA) was detected in the products in the presence of additives and was not detected when furfural was a single reactant. The selectivity of FA reached its highest degree of 19.01% with the addition of acetic acid. The addition of acetone promoted the decarboxylation reaction of furfural, and the selectivity of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol increased from 24.53% to 38.07%. The addition of phenol enhanced the rearrangement reaction of furfural and the selectivity of the five-membered ring increased from 47.99% to 88.76%. Compared with the in situ hydrogenation of the single reactant, the conversion of acetone increased and the conversion of acetic acid and phenol decreased in the presence of furfural. The reaction pathway of the hydrogenation of furfural is also discussed in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
Dongmei Wang1, Lirong Zhang1, Guanghua Li1, Qisheng Huo1, Yunling Liu1 
TL;DR: In this article, a luminescent metal-organic framework, [Cd2(TBA)2(bipy)(DMA)2] (1), has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions by employing mixed ligands of 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid (H2TBA), and 4,4′-bipyridine (Bipy).
Abstract: A luminescent metal–organic framework, [Cd2(TBA)2(bipy)(DMA)2] (1), has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions by employing mixed ligands of 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid (H2TBA) and 4,4′-bipyridine (bipy). Structure analysis shows that compound 1 is a three-dimensional network with a new (3,4,4)-connected topology. Compound 1 possesses the advantages of good water stability and exceptional thermal stability; it can retain framework crystallinity when it was suspended in water vapor for 10 hours or heated in air at 320 °C. Interestingly, when compound 1 detected different volatile organic solvent molecules, the variation of luminescence intensity depends on the various organic solvents and acetone shows the best quenching behavior. The results indicate that compound 1 may be considered as a potential luminescent probe for the detection of acetone.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Ni incorporation and nanostructured alumina on the Ni metal size and the amount of carbon deposited onto catalysts' surface after reforming tests was investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a Chinese lignite was extracted by different solvents including CS 2, ethanol, and acetone, and the composition of the extracts was analyzed by GC-MS method.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a flow-through recirculating reactor loop with variable LEDs irradiation at 365 nm was designed to evaluate the performance of lab-extruded pure TiO 2 fibers.
Abstract: The kinetic parameters for VOCs (acetone, toluene, heptane) mineralization of lab-extruded pure TiO 2 fibers prepared under easily scalable conditions were compared with those of a commercial photocatalytic media from Saint-Gobain, Quartzel ® , under identical conditions. A flow-through recirculating reactor loop with variable LEDs irradiation at 365 nm was specially designed. All the experiments were carried out in a continuous recycle mode. Both types of fibers were very efficient for acetone and heptane mineralization. At 20% relative humidity (RH), the reaction rates were higher with the commercial media, whereas at 60% RH the catalysts displayed equal activity for acetone conversion. Toluene mineralization was much faster on these lab-made fibers than on Quarztel ® , which was more sensitive to poisoning by reaction by-products. At 20% relative humidity, with the lab-made TiO 2 fibers, typical quantum efficiencies were, respectively, 0.0106 and 0.0027 for acetone and heptane (100 ppmV initial concentration) and 0.0024 for toluene (200 ppmV initial concentration) while these quantum efficiencies were 0.0358, 0.0133 and 0.0011 with expanded Quartzel fibers under the same conditions. These results evidence a clear difference in the VOCs, water and polar by-products adsorption between these two kinds of fibers. These newly developed fibers can be produced at an industrial scale with a proven efficiency for VOCs degradation and mineralization. Since they are less sensitive to humidity than the commercial fibers, they could be most useful under actual ambient air conditions. These fibers present a good alternative to other commercially available photocatalytic media for gas phase purification.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel micro/mesoporous hyper-cross-linked polymeric adsorbent, SY-01, was tested to remove several inhibitory compounds from butanol fermentation wastewater (BFW) for biobutanol production for the first time.
Abstract: In the present study, a novel micro/mesoporous hyper-cross-linked polymeric adsorbent, SY-01, was tested to remove several inhibitory compounds from butanol fermentation wastewater (BFW) for biobutanol production for the first time. Characterization of the SY-01 resin was determined by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The results showed that the SY-01 resin possessed a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (1334 m(2)/g) with large rnicropores and mesopores volumes (0.42 and 0.69 mL/g, respectively). After fixed-bed column adsorption, more than 96.0% of D-xylose and 95.0% of o-glucose remained in the treated butanol fermentation wastewater (TBFW). Acetic acid removal varied from 5.1% to 18.7%, butyric acid removal varied from 64.9% to 100% and color removal was effective between 52.9% and 99.2%. In the column desorption process, 99.4% of acetic acid and 99.1% of butyric acid were recovered by an acetone solution. Furthermore, the TBFW was used as substrate for biobutanol production by Clostridium acetobutylicum CH06. The detoxification by the SY-01 resin column increased the maximum acetone butanol ethanol concentration by 4.08 times and enhanced the total sugar utilization by 1.95 times. In conclusion, our results suggest a new approach for treating the butanol fermentation wastewater.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The (C3H7)4N+/PWA catalyst showed a remarkable resistance toward deactivation due to water with only a marginal decrease in conversion (∼3%) compared to other conventional solid acid catalysts like amberlyst-15, H-beta and montmorillonite K-10 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Organic–inorganic hybrid catalyst prepared from organic ammonium salt and heteropoly acid is reported as highly active and selective heterogeneous catalyst for the condensation reaction of glycerol with acetone at room temperature. The product formed during the reaction, solketal is a highly potential compound applied majorly in petroleum and pharmaceutical industries. The (C3H7)4N+/PWA catalyst performed better than other conventional solid acid catalysts like H-beta, amberlyst-15, montmorillonite K-10 and cesium salt of phosphotungstic acid with 94% glycerol conversion and 98% selectivity for solketal. The high activity of (C3H7)4N+/PWA catalyst can be explained by its acidity and pseudo liquid behavior. An independent study on the influence of water on catalyst deactivation was performed by adding a small amount of water (glycerol: water (1:1)) during the reaction. The (C3H7)4N+/PWA catalyst showed a remarkable resistance toward deactivation due to water with only a marginal decrease in conversion (∼3%) compared to other conventional solid acid catalysts like amberlyst-15, H-beta and montmorillonite K-10. (C3H7)4N+/PWA catalyst was truly heterogeneous and showed good reusability for 3 catalyst recycles.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a magnetite-based catalyst composed primarily of magnetite was prepared from red mud via H2 reduction at 300 °C, which significantly increased the surface area.
Abstract: A catalyst composed primarily of magnetite was prepared from red mud, via H2 reduction at 300 °C, which significantly increased the surface area. Ammonia and CO2 temperature programmed desorption indicated both acid and base active sites. Continuous reaction studies conducted with individual compounds, mixtures of model compounds, and water extracted fast pyrolysis oil indicated that acetone was the primary product from acetic acid, and acetone and 2-butanone from acetol. Levoglucosan went down the same pathway, since it formed acetic acid, formic acid, and acetol. Total conversion and yields approached 100% and 22 mol% ketones at 400 °C and a W/F of 6 h for a model mixture and 15–20 mol% ketones at W/F 1.4–4 h and 400–425 °C using water extracted oil. Space time yields approached 60 g ketones per L-cat per h for the model mixture and 120 g per L-cat per h for a commercial oil. The catalyst simultaneously reduced acidity, allowed recovery of carbon, and generated upgradable intermediates from the aqueous fraction of fast pyrolysis oil in a “continuous” process.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a preliminary study on hydrogenation of various ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone) to olefins via hydrogenation-dehydration was conducted in a fixed bed reactor at 373-573 K under H2.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Shengli lignite (SL) was subjected to sequential extraction (SE) with carbon disulfide, benzene, methanol, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran under ultrasonication to afford extracts 1−5, respectively, and the residue (R SE, i.e., residue from SE).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Aldol condensation of furfural with acetone (molar ratio 1:10) was carried out in a flow fixed bed setup at 50°C using calcined hydrotalcite with Mg/Al of 3 as a catalyst as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a Mannich type reaction of aldehyde, amines and ketone (acetone and acetophenones), catalyzed by deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride/zinc chloride) at room temperature to give β-amino carbonyls in good yields.
Abstract: We have reported one-pot, three-component Mannich type reaction of aldehyde, amines and ketone (acetone and acetophenones), catalyzed by deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride/zinc chloride) at room temperature to give β-amino carbonyls in good yields. The catalyst could be recycled at least four times without remarkable decrease in its catalytic activity. The general method is easy, fast and environmental friendly.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, column chromatography was employed to separate bio-oil produced by ethanolysis of wheat stalk, which was roughly separated by extraction with acid and alkaline solutions as well as organic solvents.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The acetone precipitation method is highly useful for recovering chit in oligomers from the acid hydrolysate of chitin, and a model that explains the process of oligomer accumulation is proposed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two types of nanograined oxide compounds, CuFe 2 O 4, MgFe 2O 4, Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 MnO 3 with perovskite-type structure, were prepared by sol-gel selfcombion method and tested for the catalytic combustion of dilute acetone in air.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the abatement of acetone using a combination of nonthermal plasma, catalysis and adsorption was investigated in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor packed with silver-coated zeolite pellets serving as both adsorbent and catalyst.
Abstract: The abatement of acetone using a combination of non-thermal plasma, catalysis and adsorption was investigated in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor packed with silver-coated zeolite pellets serving as both adsorbent and catalyst. The removal of acetone in this reactor system was carried out by cyclic operation comprising two repetitive steps, namely, adsorption followed by plasma-catalytic oxidation. The effects of the zeolite-supported silver catalyst on the reduction of unwanted ozone emission and the behavior for the formation of gaseous byproducts were examined. The experimental results showed that the zeolite-supported catalyst had a high acetone adsorption capacity of 1.07 mmol g−1 at 25 °C. Acetone with a concentration of 300 ppm was removed from the gas stream and enriched on the zeolite surface during the adsorption step of the cyclic process (100 min). In the succeeding step, the adsorbed acetone was plasma-catalytically treated under oxygen-flowing atmosphere to recover the adsorption capability of the surface. The plasma-catalytic oxidation of the acetone adsorbed in the previous 100 min adsorption step was completed in 15 min. The abatement of acetone by the cyclic adsorption and plasma-catalytic oxidation process was able to increase the performance of the reactor with respect to the energy efficiency, compared to the case of continuous plasma-catalytic treatment. The use of the zeolite-supported silver catalyst largely decreased the emission of unreacted ozone and increased the amount of gaseous byproducts such as carbon oxides and aldehydes due to the enhanced oxidation of the adsorbed acetone and intermediates.