Acetone

About: Acetone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9458 publications have been published within this topic receiving 120867 citations. The topic is also known as: propanone & dimethylketone.

Acid-Functionalized Mesoporous Polymer-Catalyzed Acetalization of Glycerol to Solketal, a Potential Fuel Additive under Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract: A mesoporous phenolsulfonic acid–formaldehyde polymeric acid catalyst was synthesized simply by condensation polymerization of p-phenolsulfonic acid and an aqueous solution of formaldehyde. The acid-functionalized polymer was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for glycerol acetalization with acetone for synthesis of solketal without the requirement of water removal from the reaction mixture. Solketal is extensively used as an additive for the formulation of petrol, diesel, and biodiesel. The effect of reaction parameters, such as the reaction temperature, time, catalyst loading, and glycerol/acetone molar ratio, on the glycerol conversion was exhaustively investigated in detail. Glycerol conversion of 97% and product selectivity of 100% were attained under the optimized reaction conditions: time of 4 h, temperature of 60 °C, catalyst loading of 8 wt %, and glycerol/acetone ratio of 5:1. Recycling of the used catalyst revealed good repeatability without any reactivation until the fourth cycle with a minimal ...

Activated carbons modified by magnesium oxide as highly efficient sorbents for acetone

Abstract: Porous activated carbon modified with MgO was synthesized by an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) method for its application to acetone capture. The textural and chemical characteristics of five modified activated carbon composites (AC–MgO) were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption isotherm measurements. The adsorption behaviors of samples for acetone were investigated and correlated to their physical and chemical properties. Density functional theory was also employed to calculate the charge transfer, the equilibrium distance, and the adsorption energy of acetone adsorbed on a carbon surface functionalized with crystalline MgO. An AC–MgO-10% sample with balanced surface area, microporosity and MgO content exhibited the highest acetone adsorption capacity (432.7 mg g−1). The results indicate that an appropriate MgO content on AC can effectively improve the adsorption capacity of acetone ascribed to strong chemisorption between MgO nanoparticles and acetone molecules.

Characterization of poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐poly(methyl hydrogen siloxane) composite membranes for organic water pervaporation separation

Abstract: Hydrophobic composite membranes with a crosslinked poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(methyl hydrogen siloxane) selective layer were prepared by using a new laboratory made catalyst agent. The pervaporation separation of five organic solvent–water mixtures was carried out with these composite membranes, together with swelling experiments in the same feed mixtures. The volatile organic compounds employed were ethanol, methanol, 1-butanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. The pervaporation and swelling experiments revealed that both the 1-butanol and the ethyl acetate solutions showed the highest affinity for the composite membrane. When these components were employed as feed solutions, the membranes showed both high selectivity and high permeation. Mechanical–dynamical experiments of swollen and nonswollen composite membranes were also performed. The relaxation spectra were analyzed in terms of the interaction of the components of the different mixtures with the composite membrane, and the free volume corresponding to the each sample was obtained. Once the membranes had reached an equilibrium swelling, a decrease in the free volume was observed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 546–556, 2001

Effect of the Acidity of TiO2 Surface on Its Photocatalytic Activity in Acetone Gas-Phase Oxidation

Abstract: The effect of the surface acidity of modified TiO2 samples on the rate of photocatalytic decomposition of acetone vapor was studied. The TiO2 activity was shown to depend strongly on the concentration of acid and basic sites on the surface. It was 1.23 times greater for TiO2 treated with 10 M H2SO4 solution than for the untreated sample. This dependence may be related to changes in the adsorption energy of the reagents.