Acetonitrile

About: Acetonitrile is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11298 publications have been published within this topic receiving 175275 citations. The topic is also known as: cyanomethane & ethyl nitrile.

Excited-state dynamics and photophysical properties of para-aminobenzophenone

Abstract: The photophysical properties of the singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) excited states of p-aminobenzophenone (p-ABP) have been investigated in various organic solvents using steady-state as well as transient absorption spectroscopy with picosecond and subpicosecond time resolution. p-ABP is weakly fluorescent in benzene as well as in polar aprotic solvents, acetonitrile, DMSO, and DMF, but nearly nonfluorescent in cyclohexane and methanol. In cyclohexane, the S1 state has the nπ* configuration and is short-lived [τ(S1) ∼ 12 ps]. In methanol, a polar and protic solvent, the S1 state is much shorter-lived [τ (S1) 100 ps). The triplet yield is much higher in nonpolar solvents than in polar solvents but the lifetime shows the rever...

Preparation and electrochemical investigation of monomeric complexes of molybdenum(0-VI) with the ligand 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L). Crystal structure of [MoIVLBr3](PF6)

Abstract: Synthese et etudes par voltammetrie cyclique, dans l'acetonitrile, des complexes LMoX 3 avec X=Cl, Br, I et NCS'. Determination de la structure cristalline

Transfer activity coefficients of crown ethers and their complexes with univalent metal ions between pairs of polar organic solvents

Abstract: From a comparison of transfer activity coefficients, [γ(LM+)]PC,2 between propylene carbonate and solvent S2 of alkali or silver ions complexed with dibenzo-substituted crown ethers (L=DB-18-cr-6, DB-21-cr-7, DB-24-cr-8, DB-30-cr-10) it can be concluded that in the complex LM+ both L and M+ are solvated, particularly in solvents of high donicity, e.g., N,N-dimethylformamide. From the abnormally low ionic mobility of DB-30-cr-10K+ in acetonitrile and the high value of the association constant of the ion pair DB-30-cr-10KBr it is concluded that the outer solvent shell is stripped upon formation of the ligand separated ion pair. A linear relation is found between [log γ(LM+)]PC,2 and [logγ(M+)]PC,2 only when L is 18-cr-6, B-18-cr-6, or DB-18-cr-6. Deviation from the linearity of complexes of the larger dibenzo crown ethers is attributed to the flexibility of L. It is shown that solution of 18-cr-6, DB-18-cr-6 and DB-30-cr-10 is enthalpy assisted to a greater extent in acetonitrile than in methanol, while the entropy of solution is more favorable in the latter.

The Electroreduction of Acrylonitrile: A New Insight into the Mechanism

Abstract: Several complementary electrochemical techniques have been used in order to clear up the mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of acrylonitrile (AN) on nickel. According to Lecayon et al., the electropolymerization of AN occurs in acetonitrile in the presence of tetraethylammonium perchlorate in such a way that polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is “grafted” onto the cathode. This electrochemical reaction has been reinvestigated both in acetonitrile, a nonsolvent of PAN, and in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), a good solvent for the polymer. The key role of the reduction potential on the electrografting reaction has been emphasized. The two electrochemical phenomena previously reported by Lecayon et al. have indeed been confirmed, but now it is clear that the “electrografting” of PAN selectively occurs at the less cathodic potential. At this potential, a PAN film is formed by a radical process and firmly secured onto the electrode, even in DMF. If the cathodic potential is further increased, the PAN film is easily ...

The hydroquinone–quinone redox behaviour in acetonitrile

Abstract: Cyclic voltammetry reveals the occurence of five different electrode processes during the cyclic oxidation–reduction of the hydroquinone–quinone system in acetonitrile.