Acoustic interferometer

About: Acoustic interferometer is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1493 publications have been published within this topic receiving 19355 citations.

An absolute distance interferometer with two external cavity diode lasers

Abstract: An absolute interferometer for length measurements in the range of several metres has been developed. The use of two external cavity diode lasers allows the implementation of a two-step procedure which combines the length measurement with a variable synthetic wavelength and its interpolation with a fixed synthetic wavelength. This synthetic wavelength is obtained at ≈42 µm by a modulation-free stabilization of both lasers to Doppler-reduced rubidium absorption lines. A stable reference interferometer is used as length standard. Different contributions to the total measurement uncertainty are discussed. It is shown that the measurement uncertainty can considerably be reduced by correcting the influence of vibrations on the measurement result and by applying linear regression to the quadrature signals of the absolute interferometer and the reference interferometer. The comparison of the absolute interferometer with a counting interferometer for distances up to 2 m results in a linearity error of 0.4 µm in good agreement with an estimation of the measurement uncertainty.

An investigation of the influence of acoustic waves on the liquid flow through a porous material.

Abstract: An experimental and theoretical investigation has been made of the influence of high-frequency acoustic waves on the flow of a liquid through a porous material. The experiments have been performed on Berea sandstone cores. Two acoustic horns were used with frequencies of 20 and 40 kHz, and with maximum power output of 2 and 0.7 kW, respectively. Also, a temperature measurement of the flowing liquid inside the core was made. A high external pressure was applied in order to avoid cavitation. The acoustic waves were found to produce a significant effect on the pressure gradient at constant liquid flow rate through the core samples. During the application of acoustic waves the pressure gradient inside the core decreases. This effect turned out to be due to the decrease of the liquid viscosity caused by an increase in liquid temperature as a result of the acoustic energy dissipation inside the porous material. Also, a theoretical model has been developed to calculate the dissipation effect on the viscosity and on the pressure gradient. The model predictions are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data.

Comparison of three measurement techniques for the normal absorption coefficient of sound absorbing materials in the free field

Abstract: Three different techniques for evaluating the absorption coefficient of sound absorbing materials in free field conditions are discussed. One technique measures the acoustic impedance at one point nearby a specimen, the other two techniques evaluate the impedance from the transfer function of two sound pressures and two particle velocities at two points. These are called “PU-method,” “PP-method,” and “UU-method,” respectively. An iterative algorithm to estimate the acoustic impedance of the locally reactive specimen in the spherical wave field is also applied. First, the effect of receiver positions, specimen areas, and source heights to the measured normal absorption coefficient is investigated by the boundary element method. According to these investigations, the PU-method is most stable against the effect of specimen area, and the UU-method is easily affected by that effect. Closer source to the specimen distance is advantageous for the signal to noise ratio of these measurement techniques, but correction for the effect of the spherical wave field has to be applied. As a finding, the iterative algorithm works for all of three techniques. Finally, the PU-method is applied experimentally with a pressure-velocity sensor and a loudspeaker in a hemi-anechoic room. As a result, the calculated results have been verified.