Showing papers on "Acrylic acid published in 1973"

Photosensitive element comprising photopolymerizable layer and protective layer

Abstract: A photosensitive element comprising, in order, 1. A SUPPORT, 2. A LAYER OF A PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIAL AND 3. A PROTECTIVE LAYER HAVING A THICKNESS OF ABOUT 0.5 TO 20 MICRONS, SAID PROTECTIVE LAYER BEING TRANSPARENT TO ACTINIC RADIATION, SUBSTANTIALLY IMPERMEABLE TO OXYGEN, INSOLUBLE TO WATER, NON-STRIPPABLE AS AN UNSUPPORTED FILM AND COMPOSED OF A COPOLYMER HAVING A DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF ABOUT 100 TO 1,000 AND BEING OBTAINED BY REACTION BETWEEN A. ABOUT 10 TO 70 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF AN UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC ACID AND ITACONIC ACID AND B. A MIXTURE OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS, SAID MIXTURE COMPRISING (I) UP TO ABOUT 40 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUND, AS A HARD COMPONENT, SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF STYRENE, ALPHA-METHYLSTYRENE, METHYL METHACRYLATE, ACRYLONITRILE AND METHACRYLONITRILE AND (II) ABOUT 50 TO 30 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUND, AS A SOFT COMPONENT, SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF METHYL ACRYLATE, ETHYL ACRYLATE, N-PROPYL ACRYLATE, N-BUTYL ACRYLATE, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE AND N-OCTYL METHACRYLATE.

Acrylamido-sulfonic acid polymers and their use

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to polymers and copolymers of acrylamido-sulfonic acid compounds and their use basically as dispersants for particles contained in aqueous systems. Exemplary of the sulfonic acid compound is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, or water-soluble salt thereof; and representative of the co-monomers which the acid is copolymerized with can be mentioned, acrylic acid and derivatives thereof, acrylamide and derivatives thereof, vinyl pyrrolidone, etc. The polymers and copolymers are specifically useful in dispersing water-insoluble compounds of iron, calcium, magnesium and aluminum and such commonly occurring particles of slit and clay.

Microcapsules in the nanometric range and a method for their production

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel synthetic capsules which are colloid soluble in water or suspendible or colloid soluble in hydrophobic media and consist of compatible polymeric material, more especially of acrylamide and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide gel or of acrylic acid and acrylic acid methyl ester gel, which are submicroscopic and mainly micellar in size, and which contain biologically or pharmacodynamically active material, more especially proteins, antigens, pharmacologically or therapeutically active substances or pesticides, fertilizers, dyes, color forming agents, adhesives and catalysts or other technically active substances in an incorporated and/or adsorbed form, together with the method for their production and their application.

Polyacrylic acid having high chelation value and its production

Abstract: Polyacrylic acid having a high chelation value is produced by polymerizing acrylic acid at elevated temperature in the presence of an alkali metal or ammonium persulfate initiator and, in a concentration of about 0.5 to 4% by weight of the acrylic acid, a chain transfer agent selected from the group consisting of alkanethiols, hydroxy alkanethiols, and carboxy alkanethiols. Preferably the chain transfer agent is present in about 1% by weight concentration and is octanethiol, butanethiol, thioglycolic acid, or 2-thioethanol.

Hydrophilic gel terpolymers from hydrophilic n-vinyl monomers, hydroxyalkyl acrylates or methacrylates and polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acids

Abstract: A hydrophilic terpolymer suitable for manufacture into shaped articles, said terpolymer being substantially the polymerization product of hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, a vinyl comonomer having a high affinity for water, e.g. N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and a polymerizable, unsaturated carboxylic acid, e.g. methacrylic or acrylic acid. The terpolymer is particularly adaptable for use as a contact lens by bringing it in contact with a buffered aqueous alkaline solution thereby affording a hydrogel having a water content between about 55-85% by weight of the total. A preferred embodiment of the invention is the polymerization product of a reaction mixture comprising 30-50% by weight of vinyl pyrrolidone, up to about 3% of a crosslinking agent such as ethylene glycol di-methacrylate, methacrylic acid amounting to about 0.25--3.5% by weight, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate which constitutes the balance.

Waterflood process using alkoxylated low molecular weight acrylic acid polymers as scale inhibitors

Abstract: Low molecular weight alkoxylated acrylic acid polymers are introduced into one or more water injection wells and forced through the underground formation to a producing well or wells without being destroyed during such passage.

Method for imparting pressure sensitive adhesion to velvet type fasteners

Abstract: Velvet type fasteners are imparted with pressure sensitive adhesion by applying to the respective back surfaces of the male and female pieces of a velvet type fastener, a composition consisting of: 100 parts by weight of a polymer, containing at least 65 percent mol of an ester of an acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of glycidyl ester of an unsaturated organic acid; from 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a zirconyl salt of organic acid, and; from 0.01 to 0.1 part by weight of a volatile acid addition salt of organic amine.

Detection of charged particles by polymer grafting.

Abstract: Tracks of fission fragments from a californium-252 source have been revealed by graft copolymerization. A 15 percent solution of propenoic (acrylic) acid monomer was reacted with irradiated cellulose triacetate for 24 hours at 55°C. Copolymer forms preferentially at the track sites and it can be dyed with rhodamine B because of its acid and hydrophylic properties. After the dyeing, the tracks were seen by using fluorescence microscopy.

Radiation curable can coating composition

Abstract: Radiation curable coating compositions for metal containers comprising a radiation curable oil having at least two radiation sensitive sites per molecule, a flow control additive and a reactive solvent selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and mixtures of acrylic acid with another acrylic monomer.

Powder coating compositions

Abstract: A thermosetting acrylic powder coating composition which comprises an acrylic resin having glycidyl groups in the molecule and a glass transition temperature of 40degree to 85degreeC and at least one of aliphatic dibasic acids, anhydrides thereof and substances producing said dibasic acids under a curing condition; said acrylic resin being a copolymer of 1 50 to 945 weight percent of at least one alkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, 2 05 to 10 weight percent of at least one of hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 3 5 to 40 weight percent of at least one of glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate; and said aliphatic dibasic acid having the formula of in which R is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 11 carbon atoms

Pressure-sensitive adhesive and pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or drape

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising as a main constituent a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing an alkyl acrylate with 2 to 6 mol% of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 0.002 to 0.05 mol% of a polyfunctional compound having at least 2 non-conjugated carbon-to-carbon double bonds per molecule.

Effects of solvent in photo-induced graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on cellulose

Abstract: The effects of swelling of the sample and polymerization solvents were studied for photo-induced graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on cellulose. The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was activated by swelling of the sample or organic solvent-water solutions within a certain range of their concentrations. Though each organic solvent gave a maximum in per cent grafting and the number of grafts at about 25 vol-% concentration, the initiation reaction scarcely took place at 100% concentration; thus, the solvent itself is considered to have a negative effect. The solvents used in the experiments were all hydrophilic, such as methanol, acetone, and dioxane. The average molecular weight of the grafted PMMA differed in each solvent, indicating a different characteristic effect of solvent on the growing grafted polymer radicals. The presence of ferric ion as a sensitizer stimulated further the contributions of the sample swelling and the organic solvents to the copolymerization reaction. A similar effect was observed for styrene as for MMA, but not for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.

Synthetic lubricant for machining and chipless deformation of metals

Abstract: Lubricants for machining, deformation of machining and cold rolling of metals. The lubricant comprises an aqueous solution of at least one of the copolymers of ethylene oxide and higher alkylene oxides having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, of the copolymers of an acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and an acrylic ester, or a polymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or of polyvinyl alcohol. The lubricants are useful in any operation involving the working of metals like steel, copper and the like. They have remarkable load-bearing capacity, and are biodegradable.

Process for continuously synthesizing acrylic acid esters

Abstract: Acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate or ethyl acrylate are continuously synthesized by esterifying one part by mole of acrylic acid with 2.0 to 3.0 parts by mole of methanol or 1.5 to 2.5 parts by mole of ethanol in the presence of 0.1 to 1.0 part by mole of a water-insoluble and unreactive organic solvent, such as a linear, cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon compound having a boiling point of 100 DEG to 160 DEG C and sulfuric acid having a concentration of 5 to 50 % by weight in an esterification solution as a catalyst at boiling temperature, for example, 50 DEG to 100 DEG C approximately under atmospheric pressure, while azeotropically boiling water formed in the esterification together with the organic solvent and distilling acrylic acid esters simultaneously, thereby keeping the concentration of sulfuric acid constant in the esterification solution; separating the resulting effluent esterification solution into an organic solvent layer and an aqueous layer by decantation; recycling the aqueous layer containing sulfuric acid to the esterification; separating and recovering the resulting ester and organic solvent contained in the organic solvent layer by steam distillation from the resulting polymers and high boiling materials; and leading the ester and organic solvent to further purification together with the resulting distillate of the esterification.

Aqueous Thermosetting Acrylic Enamel Containing Metallic Flake Pigment

Abstract: The aqueous thermosetting acrylic coating composition contains 0.25-1% by weight of uniformly dispersed metallic flake pigments and has the following film-forming constituents: 1. AN ACRYLIC POLYMER OF STYRENE AND/OR METHYL METHACRYLATE, AN ALKYL ACRYLATE OR AN ALKYL METHACRYLATE OTHER THAN METHYL METHACRYLATE, A HYDROXY ALKYL ACRYLATE OR A HYDROXY ALKYL METHACRYLATE AND AN Alpha , Beta -UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID WHEREIN THE POLYMER HAS AN ACID NUMBER OF 35-150 AND A CARBOXYL/HYDROXYL RATIO OF 1:0.2 TO 1:1.8; AND 2. A WATER-SOLUBLE OR WATER-DISPERSIBLE ALKYLATED MELAMINE FORMALDEHYDE RESIN; THE IMPROVEMENT USED WITH THIS COATING COMPOSITION COMPRISES 0.5-5% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE FILM-FORMING CONSTITUENTS, OF AN ACRYLIC COPOLYMER OF 75-95% BY WEIGHT OF AN ALKYL ACRYLATE HAVING 1-8 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL GROUP AND 5-25% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLIC ACID OR METHACRYLIC ACID AND HAS A WEIGHT AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF 2,500 TO 45,000; THE NOVEL COATING COMPOSITION IS USEFUL AS AN EXTERIOR FINISH FOR AUTOMOBILE AND TRUCK BODIES.

Flame retardant binder for flammable materials

Abstract: A flame retardant composition comprises the following components: (a) a polymer latex comprising (i) a bis(hydrocarbyl)vinyl phosphonate, preferably bis( Beta chloroethyl)vinyl phosphonate, (ii) a vinyl halide or vinylidene halide such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, (iii) an alkyl acrylate and optionally, (iv) another derivative of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; (b) a phosphorus source selected from (i) a co-condensate of bis( Beta -chloroethyl)vinyl phosphonate and dimethyl methyl phosphonate or a condensate of bis( Beta chloroethyl) vinyl phosphonate, (ii) tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium halide or hydroxide, (iii) N-hydroxymethyl-3(dimethylphosphoro) propionamide, (iv) tris(2,3-dibromopropyl phosphate), (v) water-insoluble ammonium polyphosphate and (vi) water-insoluble ammonium salt of metaphosphoroamidic acid; (c) urea; (d) an aminoplast selected from a melamine formaldehyde or urea formaldehyde; and (e) optionally, a phosphate plasticizer These compositions are useful as binders, saturants, impregnants and coatings for flammable materials

Polypropylene/acrylic acid graft copolymers

Abstract: A graft copolymer of normally solid polypropylene and from about 0.2 to about 1.5 percent (0.4 to 0.8 percent being preferred) by weight based on the polypropylene of unsaturated acid component (monomer), said copolymer having a melt flow of from about 15 to about 175 g./10 minutes at 230*C. (55 to 95 being preferred), and being processable into a powder which can be applied to substrates and fused to form smooth coatings thereon.

Radiation curable compositions of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil amine compounds useful as inks and coatings and methods of curing same

Abstract: Compositions of amine derivatives of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil, which are the reaction products of an organic amine with the reaction product of epoxidized soybean oil with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and an acrylyl compound are useful as coatings and inks; photosensitizers and/or pigments can optionally be present The compositions can be cured by radiation

Thermoplastic moulding compositions of a polycarbonate and a graft copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile on an acrylic acid ester polymer

Abstract: Thermoplastic moulding compositions and mouldings of: A. FROM 95 TO 5% BY WEIGHT OF POLYCARBONATES OF DIHYDRIC PHENOLS, AND B. FROM 5 TO 95% BY WEIGHT OF A GRAFT COPOLYMER OF STYRENE AND ACRYLONITRILE ON AN ACRYLIC ACID ESTER HOMOPOLYMER AND/OR COPOLYMER.

Dental and surgical bonding-filling material

Abstract: Dental and surgical bonding and filling material characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one polymerizable acrylic acid or methacrylic acid derivative, a vinyl polymer in powder form, and a hardening agent which is a product of the reaction between a trialkylboron and 0.3 - 0.9 mol of oxygen.

Light sensitive o-quinone diazide containing transfer composition

Abstract: A light-sensitive layer transfer material and such layer disposed on a carrier, for use in screen-printing stencils, printed circuit boards, integrated circuits, intaglio printing plates, relief printing plates, proof prints and the like, which comprises an alkali-soluble phenolic resin, such as phenol-formaldehyde novolacs, an ester or an amide of an o-naphthoquinone-diazide sulphonic acid, such as the p-cumyl phenyl ester of 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazide-4-sulphonic acid, etc., and an acrylic resin, such as a polymer of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Sustained release of methantheline

Abstract: A sustained release pharmaceutical composition which includes methantheline bromide and a polymer of a monomer mixture of a monoester of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol; and divinyl benzene

Process for preparing 2-hydroxyalkylacrylates and 2-hydroxyalkylmethacrylates

Abstract: 2-Hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, such as 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and 2-hydroxethylmethacrylate, are prepared in good yield and high purity by the reaction of an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide, with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in the presence of a trivalent chromium salt, preferably the trivalent chromium salt of complexing acids, such as salicylic acids, as a catalyst. Advantageously, a minor amount of a polymerization inhibitor, such as hydroquinone, or di-Bnaphthyl-p-phenylene diamine, may be present during the reaction, if desired.

Pulverulent binders for the electrostatic powder-spraying process

Abstract: A pulverulent solvent free composition of matter suitable for use as a binder for powder lacquers particularly for automobile bodies and the like is disclosed. The powder is based on A. 40 to 98 parts by weight of copolymers with an average molecular weight of from 3,000 to 20,000 of I. 20 TO 60% BY WEIGHT OF STYRENE, Alpha -METHYL-STYRENE, OCHLOROSTYRENE, P-CHLOROSTYRENE AND/OR P-TERT.-BUTYL STYRENE; II. 30 TO 65% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLIC ACID ALKYL ESTER WITH 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL RADICAL AND/OR METHACRYLIC ACID ALKYL ESTER WITH 2 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL RADICAL; III. 0 TO 30% BY WEIGHT OF METHACRYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER, AND IV. 3 TO 20% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLIC ACID AND/OR METHACRYLIC ACID GLYCIDYL ESTER; B. 1 to 20 parts by weight of polycarboxylic acid and/or polycarboxylic acid anhydride, and C. 1 to 20 parts by weight of a blocked polyisocyanate.

Hot melt size and yarn sized therewith

Abstract: Non-aqueous, quick setting sizing compositions suitable for application as a melt to textile yarns, and for later removal by solvent or aqueous means, characterized by substantial amounts of hydrogenated tallow-type triglyceride wax, are disclosed. The compositions may include an approximately 50:50 weight mixture of a specific class of 80/20 ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers intimately blended with an equal amount of the wax. A fatty acid amide may be included in an amount up to about 7 weight percent of the composition or from 1 to 14 weight percent sebacic acid or dodecanedioic acid, the amount of copolymer being reduced accordingly. The compositions may contain up to 62 weight percent of the wax, and rigidify at ambient temperatures.

Process for producing non-aqueous polymer dispersions

Abstract: A process for producing non-aqueous acrylic dispersions in the presence of a stabilizer which is a reaction product of I. homopolymers of glycidyl(meth)acrylate with a molecular weight of from 10,000 to 50,000; II. (meth)acrylic acid chloride; III. acid chlorides of saturated fatty acids with 10 - 24 carbon atoms; and, optionally, IV. methyl- and/or ethyl(meth)acrylate, AND A POLYMERIZATION INITIATOR IN AN INERT ORGANIC LIQUID IS DESCRIBED. The dispersions due to their clarity and stability are highly satisfactory for use in protective coatings.

Pigmented masonry water repellent composition containing alkyltrialkoxy silane-alkyl orthosilicate reaction product silicone resin

Abstract: 1. A PIGMENTED WATER REPELLENT COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A WATER-BASE PAINT COMPOSITION CONTAINING A PIGMENT, AN ORGANIC RESINOUS MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF POLYMERS OF ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC ACID, ALKYL ESTERS OF ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING FROM 20 TO 50 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF A SILICONE RESIN BASED ON THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE SOLUTION, SAID SILICONE RESIN IS OBTAINED FROM THE REACTION OF FROM 1 TO 3 PARTS OF AN ALKYTRIALKOXYSILANE HAVING FROM 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL GROUP WITH FROM 3 TO 1 PARTS OF AN ALKYL ORTHLTRIALKOXYSILANE HAVING FROM 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS IN EACH ALKYL GROUP AND WATER IN AN AMOUNT RANGING FROM 0.4 TO ABOUT 100 TIMES THE COMBINED VOLUME OF THE ALKYLTRIALKOXYSILANE AND THE ALKYL ORTHOSILICATE, AND AN ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID, SULFURIC ACID, ETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE, DIETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE AND MIXTURES OF DIETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE AND PHOSPHOROUS ACID IN AN AMOUNT TO PROVIDE A PH OF FROM 2 TO 6, SAID WATER REPELLENT COMPOSITION CONTAINING FROM 2 TO 40 PERCENTT BY WEIGHT OF THE SILICONE RESIN BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF SAID COMPOSITION.