Showing papers on "Acrylic acid published in 1982"

Synthesis and phase behaviour of liquid crystalline polyacrylates

Abstract: The synthesis and phase behaviour of a series of polymers having liquid crystalline sidechains and a poly(acrylic acid) backbone are described. These polymers show a dependence of the phase transition temperatures on molecular weight. In copolymers of two liquid crystalline acrylic esters, induced smectic phases occur. A comparison of the phase transitions of the different polyacrylates, with those of liquid crystalline polymethacrylates and polysiloxanes, published elsewhere, establishes that the spacer group achieves partial “decoupling” of liquid crystalline and polymer properties.

Pressure-sensitive adhesive copolymers of acrylic acid ester and n-vinyl pyrrolidone.

Abstract: Pressure-sensitive adhesive tape which has both high adhesion and high cohesion values and adheres strongly to automotive paints and to rubber or plastic foam layers, thus showing great promise for adhering plastic molding strips to the sides of automobiles. The adhesive layer of the novel tape may be made by photopolymerizing (1) acrylic acid ester of non-tertiary alcohol, the alkyl groups of which have an average of 4-14 carbon atoms and (2) N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in an amount within 15-50 parts by weight of the total monomers (1) and (2), preferably 25-35 parts.

Method for inhibiting corrosion and deposition in aqueous systems

Abstract: A corrosion inhibition and scale control method and composition are disclosed. The method comprises, adding to a cooling water system, for which protection is desired, a water soluble zinc salt, a water soluble sulfonated styrene/maleic anhydride (SSMA) copolymer and an organo-phosphorus acid compound. A corrosion inhibitor compound such as a 1,2,3-triazole or thiazole compound may be added to afford additional protection. Molybdate salts may also be included as optional corrosion inhibitors. A cellulose gum material and/or water soluble acrylic acid polymer or copolymer may be conjointly used with the SSMA copolymer.

Graft polymerization of acrylic acid onto polyethylene film by preirradiation method. II. Effects of oxygen at irradiation, storage time after irradiation, mohr's salt, and ethylene dichloride

Abstract: In the grafting of acrylic acid onto polyethylene by preirradiation method, the irradiation in air gave a higher rate of grafting than in N/sub 2/, since the diffusion rate of monomer is larger for less cross-linked polyethylene. The rate of grafting decreased with increasing time of storaging polyethylene because of the decay of trapped radicals. The effects of storage conditions on the grafting activity was reasonably interpreted by assuming that grafting is predominantly controlled by both concentration of trapped radicals and monomer diffusibility in the polymer matrix. Mohr's salt was found to depress the homopolymerization of acrylic acid without marked change of grafting rate. The rate of grafting was increased by the addition of ethylene dichloride due to the increase in monomer diffusion.

The study on radiation grafting of acrylic acid onto fluorine‐containing polymers. III. Kinetic study of preirradiation grafting onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene–hexafluoropropylene)

Abstract: A kinetic study has been made on the preirradiation grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) film. The effect of grafting conditions was investigated. The dependencies of the grafting rate on preirradiation dose and monomer concentration were found to be 0.58 and 1.25 order, respectively. The overall activation energy for the graft polymerization was 7.4 kcal/mol. The final degree of grafting increased with preirradiation dose and monomer concentration and slightly decreased as the grafting temperature was elevated. The relationship between the grafting rate and film thickness gave a negative first-order dependency, which is in agreement with that obtained for polytetrafluoroethylene-AAc grafting system. It was reasonably concluded that this grafting proceeds from the surface to the center of film with progressive monomer diffusion through the grafted layer which swells in the monomer solution.

Alkyl poly(oxyalkylene) esters of acrylate oligomers and copolymers thereof for thickening purposes

Abstract: There are disclosed polymerizable alkyl poly(oxyalkylene) esters of an acrylate oligomer and copolymers thereof, especially stable, aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble emulsion copolymers of (1) about 10-70% by weight of methacrylic or acrylic acid, (2) about 0.5-25% by weight of an alkyl poly(oxyalkylene) ester of an acrylate oligomer, and (3) at least 25% by weight, to a total of 100%, of a C 1 -C 4 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and optionally, included in the total monomer mixture, a small amount of (4) about 0.5-1% by weight, of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer. The copolymers, when neutralized and solubilized by addition of an alkali, are high efficiency thickeners for aqueous systems and have improved tolerance to ionic or electrolyte content. Typical systems that can be thickened are paint latices, cosmetic preparations, food preparations, ionic detergents, dye pastes for textiles, pharmaceuticals, and oil well drilling muds. Surfactants enhance the thickening properties afforded by the copolymers.

Acrylamide containing emulsion copolymers for thickening purposes

Abstract: There are disclosed stable, aqueous dispersions of water-insoluble emulsion copolymers of (1) about 10-70% by weight of methacrylic or acrylic acid, (2) about 0.5-25% by weight of an N-alkyl acrylamide, and (3) at least 25% by weight, to a total of 100%, of a C1 -C4 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and, optionally, included in the total monomer mixture a small amount of (4) about 0.05-1% by weight of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer. The emulsion copolymers, when neutralized and solubilized by addition of an alkali, are high efficiency thickeners for aqueous systems and have improved tolerance to ionic or electrolyte content. Typical systems that can be thickened are paint latices, cosmetic preparations, food preparations, ionic detergents, dye pastes for textiles, pharmaceuticals, and oil well drilling muds. Surfactants enhance the thickening properties afforded by the copolymers.

Films of hydrophilic interpolymers of neutralized acrylic acid, hydroxyalkyl methacrylate or dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate and optionally a cross-linking agent

Abstract: Films of water containing hydrophilic interpolymers prepared by photopolymerization of monomer mixtures comprising partially or fully neutralized acrylic acid, hydroxyalkyl methacrylate or dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate and optionally a cross-linking agent. The films are useful as absorbents.

Thermoplastic polyester blends

Abstract: Polyblends comprising polyethylene terephthalate, or a copolyester or blend thereof containing at least 80 percent by weight of polyethylene terephthalate, and a thermoplastic copolymer of (1) at least one vinyl aromatic monomer, (2) acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or both, and (3) optionally at least one additional copolymerizable termonomer have useful properties, notably higher heat deflection temperatures than the corresponding unblended polyester.

Process for producing acrylic acid

Abstract: Propylene in admixture with molecular oxygen and steam is subjected to a two-step, vapor-phase, catalytic oxidation to convert into acrolein and then into acrylic acid. At least the first-step reaction is conducted in tubes of an apparatus of a shell-and-tube heat-exchanger type structure, and the reaction product of the first-step reaction is quenched before it is subjected to the second-step reaction. Reaction conditions in both the steps are specified.

Acrylate copolymer pressure-sensitive adhesive coated sheet material

Abstract: The invention provides normally tacky and pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions comprising a polymer having an inherent viscosity greater than 0.2 and having in its backbone at least a major portion by weight of polymerized monomeric acrylic or methacrylic acid ester of a non-tertiary alcohol and, having attached to the backbone, polymeric moieties having a weight average molecular weight of above about 2,000 and a Tg of above about 20° C. The number and composition of the attached moieties in the polymer is such as to provide the adhesive composition with a shear holding value of at least 50 minutes. Sheet materials coated with the adhesive composition are also provided. Preferred adhesive composition comprises a copolymer monomeric acrylic or methacrylic acid ester of non-tertiary alcohol and macromolecular monomer. The copolymer may also include up to 12% by weight of a copolymerizable polar monomer such as acrylic acid.

Optical resin composition and optical element

Abstract: PURPOSE: The titled composition, containing particles of a laminated structure obtained by coating a core consisting of a rigid crosslinked polymer and an elastic polymer with a specific copolymer, and capable of giving optical elements having improved impact resistance and little birefringence without change of surface accuracy, etc. by the environmental change. CONSTITUTION: An optical resin composition, obtained by polymerizing cyclohexyl methacrylate and/or methylcyclohexyl methacrylate to coat (A) a rigid crosslinked (co)polymer having 10wt% or more, based on the total monomer, methacrylic acid ester units and (B) an elastic (co)polymer consisting essentially of an acrylic acid ester and/or methacrylic acid ester as a core with (C) a polymer containing 10wt% or more, based on the total monomer units, cyclohexyl methacrylate units and/or methylcyclohexyl methacrylate units, to give particles of a laminated structure, and using the above-mentioned particles as a main constituent. EFFECT: Improved moldability. COPYRIGHT: (C)1984,JPO&Japio

Process for producing acrolein and acrylic acid

Abstract: Acrolein and acrylic acid are produced by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene in a multi-tubular, fixed-bed reaction vessel with the use of a composite oxide catalyst represented by the formula Moa Bib Fec Ad Be Cf Dg Sih Ox, wherein A, B, C, and D represent components selectable from respective groups of elements, and the subscripts a through h and x are specific numbers of atoms of respective elements and groups of elements. This catalyst is adapted and packed in each reaction tube in a manner such that its activity is controlled to increase from the inlet toward the outlet of the tube.

Hydrophylic contact lenses and methods for making same

Abstract: Hydrophilic contact lenses produced by polymerizing (a) hydroxyalkyl monoesters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, (b) monomers having the formula ##STR1## where R, is hydrogen or methyl, R2 is alkylene, R3 is alkoxy and n is 1 or 2, and (c) acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Methods of producing the lenses are disclosed.

Two-step process for dipping textile cord or fabric and resorcinol/formaldehyde-free composition used therein

Abstract: Non-adhesive activated ("non-AA") polyester cord, or aramid cord, and fabrics made therefrom, may be coated in a two-step process, the first step of which is conventional. In the novel second step, after the cord is conventionally pre-coated in the first step, it is dipped in a R/F-free latex of a diene polymer in which an acrylic resin having a mol wt. in the range from about 100,000 to about 1,000,000 is dispersed. The acrylic resin resin is a copolymer selected from the group consisting of two or more monomers, one of which is (meth)acrylic acid and another is a lower alkyl(meth)acrylic acid ester, the monomers having the configuration ##STR1## wherein, R represents H, methyl, ethyl, Cl or CN, and, X represents hydroxyl (OH), hydroxymethylamino (NHCH 2 OH), or alkoxy (O-alkyl) having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and, optionally, in addition the copolymer may include a vinyl aromatic monomer having from 8 to about 18 carbon atoms.

Calcium carbonate dispersions

Abstract: Concentrated (eg above 72% by weight) dispersions of calcium carbonate ground to a particle size such that at least 87% by weight of the particles are less than 2 μm in size have a tendency to gel on standing In the invention this tendency is minimized or eliminated by using, as dispersing agent, a copolymer of from 5 to 75% by weight AMPS and 95 to 25% by weight acrylic acid, or a water soluble salt thereof, having a molecular weight in the range 1000 to 20,000

Impact resistant polyamide moulding compositions

Abstract: Impact-resistant polyamide moulding compositions consisting of from 35 to 99% by weight of polyamides and from 1 to 65% by weight of partly cross-linked polymer mixtures, comprising from 5 to 80% by weight of copolymers of ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid (esters) or corresponding graft polymers and from 95 to 20% by weight of polybutadiene rubbers, and optionally conventional additives.

Temporary protective coating composition of ethylene and acrylic acid and a base

Abstract: The aqueous, liquid composition, the method of preparation of the composition, and the method of use of the composition as a temporary coating. The composition comprises water, a copolymer of ethylene and an alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid having a number average molecular weight of from about 500 to 5000 and an acid number of at least 100 milligrams of potassium hydroxide necessary to neutralize one gram of copolymer. There should be a sufficient amount of a base which is preferably volatile, to form a clear, aqueous liquid composition.

Sustained release pharmaceutical compositions

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for sustained release of pharmaceutical compounds comprising a reaction product of a water soluble salt of a pharmaceutically active compound containing a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group, and an alkali or ammonium salt of a synthetic copolymer containing an acid group, and selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid/methacrylic acid methyl ester, methacrylic acid/acrylic acid methyl ester and methacrylic acid/acrylic acid methyl ester/methacrylic acid methyl ester copolymers and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. The water soluble salt of a pharmaceutically active compound containing a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group is reacted in aqueous medium with an alkali or ammonium salt of a copolymer selected from the group consisting of the above mentioned copolymers, and the resulting product is converted into a pharmaceutical composition.

Pressure-sensitive adhesive composition

Abstract: PURPOSE: To prepare the titled composition having improved adhesivity to non- polar adherend without lowering the cohesive force, by compounding a specific amount of tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate monomer to a specific acrylic acid ester, etc and an unsaturated carboxylic acid CONSTITUTION: The objective composition is prepared by compounding (A) 40W 90wt% of an acrylic acid ester monomer having 4W10C alkyl group (eg butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, etc) or a mixture of said monomer with a (meth) acrylic acid ester monomer having ≤3C alkyl group (eg methyl acrylate) and/or vinyl acetate monomer and (B) 01W5wt% of an unsaturated mono-or dicarboxylic acid (eg methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, etc) and (C) 5W60wt% of tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate monomer, and copolymerizing the resultant mixture (preferably by emulsion polymerization or solution polymerization) EFFECT: It exhibits excellent adhesivity to polyethylene COPYRIGHT: (C)1983,JPO&Japio

Water base pigment ink composition for writing

Abstract: A water base pigment ink composition for writing comprises a pigment, a dispersing agent, an anti-drying agent and an aqueous medium, in which said dispersing agent is a water soluble amine salt or ammonium salt of a copolymer comprises at least 50 molar % of a hydrophobic addition-polymerizable monomer and less than 50 molar % of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and said anti-drying agent is urea, thiourea or a derivative thereof.

Aqueous coating resin composition

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous coating resin composition to be applied to a metal substrate, particularly an inner surface of a metal can or can closure on which an undercoating layer is formed. This coating composition comprises an aqueous dispersion of a self-emulsifiable resin composition being obtained by neutralizing a partial reaction product of (A) an acrylic resin with (B) an epoxy resin, with ammonia or an amine selected from the group consisting of alkylamine, alcohol amines and morpholine in an amount sufficient to maintain the pH value of the composition between 5 and 11, said acrylic resin (A) being an alkali neutralizable acrylic resin having a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 100,000, which consists of 12 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 70 to 88% by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of styrene, methylstyrene, vinyltoluene and alkyl esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, said epoxy resin (B) being an aromatic epoxy resin having 1.1 to 2.0 epoxy groups on the average in one molecule and a number average molecular weight of at least 1,400, said partial reaction product having excess carboxyl groups in an amount sufficient to maintain the acid value of the self-emulsifiable resin composition between 30 and 200, and excess oxirane group in an amount such that the residual ratio of the oxirane content (R) is within 5 to 95%. This coating composition is excellent in the storage stability owing to the presence of excess carboxyl groups and provides a self-crosslinked coating excellent in the adhesion, processability, flavor retaining property and resistance to boiling water owing to the presence of excess oxirane groups.

Process for coating substrates with aqueous emulsions containing organopolysiloxanes

Abstract: A process for coating a substrate which comprises applying to the substrate an aqueous emulsion containing: (1) A diorganopolysiloxane having terminal SiC-bonded vinyl groups; (2) An organopolysiloxane containing at least three Si-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule; (3) A catalyst which promotes the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen to an aliphatic multiple bond; and if desired, (4) An agent which delays or retards the addition at room temperature; and (5) A thickening agent, which may be mixed with or added separately to the emulsion, and prior to cross-linking the organopolysiloxane, applying separately or together with one or more of the constituents (1) through (5); (6) A vinyl-containing trimethylsiloxy end-blocked diorganopolysiloxane in which the vinyl group is bonded to from 10 to 50 percent of the number of the silicon atoms of the diorganopolysiloxane units, and the other organic radicals are free of aliphatic multiple bonds; (7) An organosilicon adhesive compound; and (8) At least one aqueous dispersion of a polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid esters, and copolymers containing at least two of these monomers and thereafter crosslinking the coating.

Repulpable acrylic acid based pressure-sensitive adhesive

Abstract: A high-temperature shear-resistant, water-dispersible pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising (1) a copolymer of an acrylic acid compound and acrylamide, (2) a plasticizer-tackifier comprising a polyhydric alcohol compound and (3) caustic, and a process for its preparation are described.

Process for coating substrates with polyisocyanates and polyhydroxy polyacrylates

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of coatings using a coating composition containing as binder optionally blocked lacquer-grade polyisocyanates in combination with polyhydroxy polyacrylate resins based on copolymers of certain hydroxy alkyl(meth)acrylates, methyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and, optionally, (meth)acrylic acid, wherein the molecular weight is in the range from about 30,000 to 80,000, the content of low molecular weight constituents having molecular weights of at most about 3000 amounts to between 3 and 15% by weight, the molecular heterogeneity factor amounts to between about 1.0 and 10.0, and the parameter for the chemical heterogeneity of the copolymer is between 0 and about 0.06.