Acrylonitrile

About: Acrylonitrile is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16517 publications have been published within this topic receiving 149835 citations. The topic is also known as: AN & Cyanoethylene.

Preparation and properties of nanocomposites based on acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and polybutadiene rubber

Abstract: Nanocomposites were prepared with different grades of nitrile rubber with acrylonitrile contents of 19, 34, and 50%, with styrene–butadiene rubber (23% styrene content), and with polybutadiene rubber with Na-montmorillonite clay. The clay was modified with stearyl amine and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD studies showed an increase in the gallery gap upon the modification of the filler by stearyl amine. The intercalation of the amine chains into the clay gallery gap was confirmed by the presence of some extra peaks (2928, 2846, and 1553 cm−1) in the FTIR spectra. The clay–rubber nanocomposites were characterized by TEM and XRD. The mechanical properties were studied for all the compositions. An improvement in the mechanical properties with the degree of filler loading up to a certain level was observed. The changes in the mechanical properties, with changes in the nature and polarity of the rubbers, were explained with the help of XRD and TEM results. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1573–1585, 2004

Acrylic modifiers for polycarbonamides

Abstract: An impact resistant nitrogenous polymer comprises a multiphase amine-reactive moiety-containing polymer grafted to a polycarbonamide containing recurring amide linkages as anintegral part of the polymer chain; the grafting, by reaction of an amine-reactive moiety of the polymer with an amine end group of the polycarbonamide. Preferably the amine-reactive moiety-containing polymer is a multiphase carboxylic acid-containing polymer comprising (A) a first elastomer phase that is preferably polymerized from monomers comprising: 50 to 99.9 parts by weight alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 15 carbon atoms, butadiene or substituted butadiene; 0 to 40 parts by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers; 0 to 5 parts by weight of a polyethylenically unsaturated crosslinking monomer; and 0 to 5 parts by weight of a graft-linking monomer; and (B) a final rigid thermoplastic stage containing amine-reactive carboxylic acid groups and polymerized from monomers comprising, 1 to 50 parts by weight of a copolymerizable carboxylic acid; 50 to 99 parts by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl methacrylates, styrenes, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and olefins that, when homopolymerized, form polymers having a heat distortion temperature greater than about 20° C.; 0 to 49 parts by weight of another acrylic monomer; and 0 to 40 parts of another copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The impact resistant nitrogenous polymer is characterized by superior hot strength that renders the polymer extrudable, blow moldable, and injection moldable.

Ab initio study of Diels-Alder reactions of cyclopentadiene with ethylene, isoprene, cyclopentadiene, acrylonitrile, and methyl vinyl ketone

Abstract: Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been used to investigate the structures and energetics for the reactants and transition states of Diels-Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene and ethylene, isoprene, cyclopentadiene, acrylonitrile, and methyl vinyl ketone (MVK). Geometry optimizations were performed with both RHF/3-21G and RHF/6-31G * calculations, and the energies were computed to the MP3/6-1G * //6-31G * level in each case. Calculations the vibrational frequencies permitted computation of the enthalpies and entropies of activation

Effect of carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) concentration on thermal and mechanical properties of binary blends of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy resin

Abstract: Six blend samples were prepared by physical mixing of epoxy resin with varying concentrations of liquid carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) copolymer having 27% acrylonitrile content. The blend samples were cured with aromatic amine. A comparative study of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed the modification as a result of chemical reactions between epoxide group, curing agent and CTBN. The tensile strength of cured blend samples decreased slightly from 11 to 46% where as the elongation-at-break showed an increasing trend with increasing rubber content, i.e., up to 25 phr, in the blend samples. Appreciable improvements in impact strength were also observed in the prepared blend systems. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the epoxy resin matrix was slightly reduced on the addition of CTBN. The cured resin showed a two-phase morphology where the spherical rubber domains were dispersed in the epoxy matrix.