Topic
Active surface
About: Active surface is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2190 publications have been published within this topic receiving 30766 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of the voltammetric surface charge q* on solution pH and potential scan rate has been investigated using a set of RuO2 electrodes prepared by thermal decomposition of RuCl3 at temperatures in the range 300-500°C.
1,367 citations
ENEA1
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed procedure for comparing high surface Pt/C catalysts was pointed out, and the real platinum metal surface area was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry on a thin porous coated disk electrode.
863 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the coverage of the surface with oxygen complex upon exposure of the samples to O2 at 300 deg for 24 hours, and calculated the unoccupied active surface area of the oxidized samples.
Abstract: Graphon, a highly graphitized carbon black, was oxidized to seven levels of burn-off between zero and 35%. The active surface area of the oxidized samples was determined by measuring the coverage of the surface with oxygen complex upon exposure of the samples to O2 at 300 deg for 24 hr. After removal of the complex, the Graphon samples were subsequently treated with additional O2. The amount of oxygen complex formed on the surface during reaction could be followed by a material balance and at the end of a run by outgassing. From the data, unoccupied active surface areas were calculated. Rate constants for O2 depletion and product formation, calculated on the basis of unoccupied active area, were essentially constant over most of the burn- off range studied. On the other hand, rate constants, calculated on the basis of BET surface area, showed a considerable increase with burn-off.
596 citations
TL;DR: This work provides a general bottom-up route for designing and preparing novel monolayer materials with ultrafast charge separation and active surface and leads to the outstanding performances of the monolayers material in solar energy conversion.
Abstract: Two-dimensional-layered heterojunctions have attracted extensive interest recently due to their exciting behaviours in electronic/optoelectronic devices as well as solar energy conversion systems. However, layered heterojunction materials, especially those made by stacking different monolayers together by strong chemical bonds rather than by weak van der Waal interactions, are still challenging to fabricate. Here the monolayer Bi2WO6 with a sandwich substructure of [BiO](+)-[WO4](2-)-[BiO](+) is reported. This material may be characterized as a layered heterojunction with different monolayer oxides held together by chemical bonds. Coordinatively unsaturated Bi atoms are present as active sites on the surface. On irradiation, holes are generated directly on the active surface layer and electrons in the middle layer, which leads to the outstanding performances of the monolayer material in solar energy conversion. Our work provides a general bottom-up route for designing and preparing novel monolayer materials with ultrafast charge separation and active surface.
534 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a spectral non-iterative solution of the Euler-Lagrange equation is proposed for 3D active surface reconstruction of star-shaped surfaces parameterized in polar coordinates.
Abstract: Variational energy minimization techniques for surface reconstruction are implemented by evolving an active surface according to the solutions of a sequence of elliptic partial differential equations (PDE's). For these techniques, most current approaches to solving the elliptic PDE are iterative involving the implementation of costly finite element methods (FEM) or finite difference methods (FDM). The heavy computational cost of these methods makes practical application to 3D surface reconstruction burdensome. In this paper, we develop a fast spectral method which is applied to 3D active surface reconstruction of star-shaped surfaces parameterized in polar coordinates. For this parameterization the Euler-Lagrange equation is a Helmholtz-type PDE governing a diffusion on the unit sphere. After linearization, we implement a spectral non-iterative solution of the Helmholtz equation by representing the active surface as a double Fourier series over angles in spherical coordinates. We show how this approach can be extended to include region-based penalization. A number of 3D examples and simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of our fast spectral active surface algorithms.
489 citations