Topic
Acyl-CoA
About: Acyl-CoA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 527 publications have been published within this topic receiving 25134 citations. The topic is also known as: Acyl Coenzyme A.
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TL;DR: The current review will focus on the bio-chemical, genetic and molecular approaches on KCSs genes, predominantly KCS1 in plants particularly useful in identifying and characterizing gene products involved in wax bio-synthesis, secretion and function for developing transgenic crops that combat various stresses.
Abstract: Plant surfaces are ensheathed by cuticular wax, amorphous intra-cuticular embedded in cutin polymer and crystalloid epi-cuticular that imparts a whitish appearance, confers drought resistance by reducing stomatal transpiration and also protects from U.V Radiation, phytophagous insects etc. Very long chain fatty acids acts as precursors for cuticular wax bio-synthesis. Wax bio-synthesis begins with fatty acid synthesis in the plastid (de novo synthesis of C16 and C18) and elongation of fatty acids in endoplasmic reticulum (C20 – C34) by four distinct enzymes 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase, 3-hydroxacyl-CoA dehydratase, trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase (KCS, KCR, HCD, ECR). The KCS, a fatty acid elongase, determines the chain length and substrate specificity of the condensation reaction, a rate limiting step and the subsequent elongated products alkanes, aldehydes, primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, ketones and wax esters. 21 KCS genes were annotated in Arabidopsis thaliana Genome of which some KCSs were identified involved in cuticle formation (CER6) (CUT1), KCS1, KCS2, (DAISY), KCS20 and FDH).The current review will focus on the bio-chemical, genetic and molecular approaches on KCSs genes, predominantly KCS1 in plants particularly useful in identifying and characterizing gene products involved in wax bio-synthesis, secretion and function for developing transgenic crops that combat various stresses. INTRODUCTION
13 citations
TL;DR: A similar medium-chain acyl-CoA requirement was observed also for enzyme systems from the same organism grown on lactate and from Clostridium acetobutyricum, although these cells did not require fatty acids for growth.
13 citations
TL;DR: Defatted lung FABP reverses the inhibitory effect of palmitoyl coenzyme A (CoA) (PAL- CoA) on lung glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a key enzyme of the hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt pathway in vitro.
Abstract: Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) was isolated, purified, and characterized from developing human fetal lung cytosol by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. FABP exists in three immunochemically identical forms, DE-I, DE-II, and DE-III, having Mr 15,200 ± 200 each and isoelectric pH 7.8, 6.9, and 5.4, respectively. DE-I is almost lipid-free, DE-II binds mainly long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, and DE-III is an arachi-donic acid carrier. One mole of DE-II and DE-III each binds 1 mol of fatty acids noncov-alently. Concentrations of all these FABPs increase gradually from early gestation to term. Defatted lung FABP reverses the inhibitory effect of palmitoyl coenzyme A (CoA) (PAL-CoA) on lung glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a key enzyme of the hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt pathway. This protein when added alone activates the enzyme, suggesting that the original submaximal activity is probably due to the presence of endogenous long-chain fatty acyl CoA esters in the cytosols. As FABP...
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, alpha, beta-unsaturated coenzyme A (CoA) thioesters were synthesized by catalysis with acetyl CoA synthetase (EC 6.2.1.1.).
12 citations
TL;DR: Results obtained show the existence in neonatal chick brain of an acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity similar to that found in a variety of tissues from different species but not previously reported in brain.
12 citations