Added mass

About: Added mass is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2849 publications have been published within this topic receiving 47899 citations.

Dynamic Modeling and Optimal Control of Rotating Euler-Bernoulli Beams

Abstract: The nonlinear integro-differential equations, describing the transverse and rotational motions of a nonuniform Euler-Bernoulli beam with end mass attached to a rigid hub, are derived. The effects of both the linear and nonlinear elastic rotational couplings are investigated. The linear couplings are exactly accounted for in a decoupled Euler-Bernoulli beam model and their effects on the eigensolutions and response are significant for a small ratio of hub-to-beam inertia. The nonlinear couplings with a resultant stiffening effect are negligible for small angular velocities. A discretized model, suitable for the study of large angle, high speed rotation of a nonuniform beam, is presented. The optimal control moment for simultaneous vibration suppression of the beam at the end of a prescribed rotation is determined. Influences of the nonlinearity, nonuniformity, maneuver time, and inertia ratio on the optimal control moment and system response are discussed.

Frequency Shifts of Micro and Nano Cantilever Beam Resonators Due to Added Masses

Abstract: We present analytical and numerical techniques to accurately calculate the shifts in the natural frequencies of electrically actuated micro and nano (carbon nanotubes (CNTs)) cantilever beams implemented as resonant sensors for mass detection of biological entities, particularly Escherichia coli (E. coli) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) cells. The beams are modeled as Euler–Bernoulli beams, including the nonlinear electrostatic forces and the added biological cells, which are modeled as discrete point masses. The frequency shifts due to the added masses of the cells are calculated for the fundamental and higher-order modes of vibrations. Analytical expressions of the natural frequency shifts under a direct current (DC) voltage and an added mass have been developed using perturbation techniques and the Galerkin approximation. Numerical techniques are also used to calculate the frequency shifts and compared with the analytical technique. We found that a hybrid approach that relies on the analytical perturbation expression and the Galerkin procedure for calculating accurately the static behavior presents the most computationally efficient approach. We found that using higher-order modes of vibration of micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) beams or miniaturizing the sizes of the beams to nanoscale leads to significant improved frequency shifts, and thus increased sensitivities.

Transient axisymmetric motion of a floating cylinder

Abstract: A linear theory is developed in the time domain for vertical motions of an axisymmetric cylinder floating in the free surface. The velocity potential is obtained numerically from a discretized boundary-integral-equation on the body surface, using a Galerkin method. The solution proceeds in time steps, but the coefficient matrix is identical at each step and can be inverted at the outset.Free-surface effects are absent in the limits of zero and infinite time. The added mass is determined in both cases for a broad range of cylinder depths. For a semi-infinite cylinder the added mass is obtained by extrapolation.An impulse-response function is used to describe the free-surface effects in the time domain. An oscillatory error observed for small cylinder depths is related to the irregular frequencies of the solution in the frequency domain. Fourier transforms of the impulse-response function are compared with direct computations of the damping and added-mass coefficients in the frequency domain. The impulse-response function is also used to compute the free motion of an unrestrained cylinder, following an initial displacement or acceleration.