Topic
Addiction medicine
About: Addiction medicine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1070 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23685 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
Monash University1, Australian Catholic University2, Turning Point3, University of Tasmania4, University of Melbourne5, University of California, San Francisco6, Veterans Health Administration7, University of St Andrews8, National University of Singapore9, Rutgers University10, Imperial College London11, Université libre de Bruxelles12, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill13, Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust14, University of Queensland15, Tehran University of Medical Sciences16, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services17, University of Minnesota18, University of Dundee19, Stony Brook University20, University of Tulsa21
TL;DR: The ISAM-NIG key priorities and strategies to achieve implementation of addiction neuroscience knowledge and tools for the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders are summarized.
Abstract: Although there is general consensus that altered brain structure and function underpins addictive disorders, clinicians working in addiction treatment rarely incorporate neuroscience-informed approaches into their practice. We recently launched the Neuroscience Interest Group within the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM-NIG) to promote initiatives to bridge this gap. This article summarizes the ISAM-NIG key priorities and strategies to achieve implementation of addiction neuroscience knowledge and tools for the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. We cover two assessment areas: cognitive assessment and neuroimaging, and two interventional areas: cognitive training/remediation and neuromodulation, where we identify key challenges and proposed solutions. We reason that incorporating cognitive assessment into clinical settings requires the identification of constructs that predict meaningful clinical outcomes. Other requirements are the development of measures that are easily-administered, reliable, and ecologically-valid. Translation of neuroimaging techniques requires the development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and testing the cost-effectiveness of these biomarkers in individualized prediction algorithms for relapse prevention and treatment selection. Integration of cognitive assessments with neuroimaging can provide multilevel targets including neural, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes for neuroscience-informed interventions. Application of neuroscience-informed interventions including cognitive training/remediation and neuromodulation requires clear pathways to design treatments based on multilevel targets, additional evidence from randomized trials and subsequent clinical implementation, including evaluation of cost-effectiveness. We propose to address these challenges by promoting international collaboration between researchers and clinicians, developing harmonized protocols and data management systems, and prioritizing multi-site research that focuses on improving clinical outcomes.
55 citations
••
TL;DR: A postal survey of 503 members of the American Society of Addiction Medicine to examine addiction medicine physicians' medical management of sleep disturbance among patients in early recovery from alcoholism found experts in addiction medicine appear reluctant to prescribe medication to sleep-disturbed patients.
Abstract: Sleep disturbance is common among patients in recovery from alcoholism and can precipitate relapse. Though sleep complaints are commonly managed with medication, little is known about their management among recovering alcoholic patients. We performed a postal survey of a self-weighted, random systematic sample of 503 members of the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) to examine addiction medicine physicians' medical management of sleep disturbance among patients in early recovery from alcoholism. After 3 mailings, 311 (62%) responded. Of responents, 64% have offered pharmacological treatment to an insomniac, alcoholic patient in the first 3 months after detoxification, but only 22% offered medication to more than half of such patients. Trazodone was the preferred therapy, chosen first by 38% of respondents, followed by other sedating antidepressants (12%), and antihistamines (12%). The mean duration of therapy for trazodone and other sedating antidepressants exceeded one month. Experts in addiction medicine appear reluctant to prescribe medication to sleep-disturbed patients in early recovery from alcoholism. When they do prescribe, trazodone, other sedating antidepressants and antihistamines are favored, despite limited evidence for or against this indication. Although the treatment of disordered sleep among alcoholic patients in early recovery may have merit to prevent relapse, controlled studies of these sleep agents are needed.
54 citations
••
TL;DR: Although the new trends of drug addiction in China pose great public health challenges, these government interventions are likely to successfully stem the problem of drug abuse in the future.
Abstract: Drug addiction in China began with the importation of Indian opium by the British in the 16th century and brought severe social and health problems. While drug abuse abated following the establishment of People's Republic of China, modernization and Westernization in the 1980s led to the reemergence of this problem. Drug abuse in China became epidemic, facilitating the spread of HIV/AIDS. The Chinese government has made great efforts to address these problems, focusing both on treatments of drug addiction and on harm-reduction programs. Although the new trends of drug addiction in China pose great public health challenges, these government interventions are likely to successfully stem the problem of drug abuse in the future.
54 citations
••
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the large research investment devoted to developing addiction treatment medications may have limited public health impact because of the characteristics of the publicly funded service delivery system and the limited attention given to this system by commercial purveyors of medications.
Abstract: Objectives:Publicly funded addiction treatment organizations have been slow to adopt pharmacotherapies. Few studies have examined the organizational factors associated with adoption of different types of medication in this treatment sector. This study identifies the organization-level facilitators a
53 citations
••
TL;DR: A one-day educational intervention may be effective in improving professional attitudes toward addiction treatment by reinforcing previously acquired medical education.
Abstract: Some physicians have negative attitudes and beliefs towards patients with addiction. Moreover, few residents are inclined towards a subspecialty fellowship in addiction psychiatry. We aimed to determine if a one-day educational conference could facilitate attitudinal change among 52 general psychiatry residents. Significant changes (p < 0.05) in attitudes were reported following the conference, including enhanced beliefs that physicians can motivate their addicted patients to seek treatment and increased physician interest in pursuing advanced addiction training. A one-day educational intervention may be effective in improving professional attitudes toward addiction treatment by reinforcing previously acquired medical education. The duration of these changes remains to be determined.
53 citations