Addiction medicine

About: Addiction medicine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1070 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23685 citations.

Addiction Medicine: Science and Practice

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An addiction model-based mobile health weight loss intervention in adolescents with obesity.

Abstract: Author(s): Vidmar, AP; Pretlow, R; Borzutzky, C; Wee, CP; Fox, DS; Fink, C; Mittelman, SD | Abstract: Background: Clinical approaches to treating childhood obesity can be expensive and poorly reimbursed, and often produce suboptimal results. It has been theorized that overeating may have addictive qualities, and a sizable number of adolescents with obesity endorse addictive habits. Interestingly, few weight management interventions have tested techniques founded in addiction medicine principles. We therefore performed a pilot study of an addiction model based mHealth weight loss intervention in adolescents.Methods: Adolescents with obesity were recruited from an multidisciplinary weight management clinic (EMPOWER). Adolescents without significant obesity comorbidities, who exhibited signs of addictive eating, based on the Yale Food Addiction Scale, were enrolled in a pilot study of an interactive, addiction-based, weight loss smartphone app with coaching (http://clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02689154). The app was designed to help subjects omit problem foods, avoid snacking and reduce meal size. A contemporary cohort of adolescents who completed the EMPOWER program were evaluated. Feasibility of recruitment, adherence, retention rates, BMI change and cost of intervention were examined.Results: Eighteen participants were recruited to app intervention. App participants had higher retention (100% vs. 37%) and lower total cost per patient ($855.15 vs. $1428.00) than the EMPOWER clinic participants. App participants exhibited a significant decrease in zBMI and %BMIp95 over the 6 months (p l 0.001 and p = 0.001), which was comparable to the age-matched EMPOWER program completers (p = 0.31 and p = 0.06).Conclusions: An addiction medicine-based mHealth intervention targeted for adolescents was feasible to implement, resulted in high retention and adherence rates, and reduced zBMI and %BMIp95 in a more cost-effective manner than an in-clinic intervention.

Stereotactic Neurosurgical Treatment of Addiction: Minimizing the Chances of Another 'Great and Desperate Cure'

Abstract: Over the past 4 years Russian and Chinese surgeons have used neurosurgical procedures to treat heroin addiction. 305 were reportedly operated on in Russia and over 500 in China before the procedure was stopped by the Russian and Chinese governments in 2002 and 2004. The addictions field will need to speak with a united voice if we are to ensure that neurosurgical treatment of addiction is not introduced into developed countries by enthusiastic private practitioners without formal evaluation, as purported 'cures' for heroin addiction all too often are. We must also be prepared to face the challenge that may arise if neurosurgical entrepreneurs in developing countries with poorly regulated medical care and punitive policies towards opioid addiction begin to market neurosurgery as an addiction 'cure'. If this happens, clear and consistent statements of the case against pursuing this desperate remedy will be required from credible organizations, such as the World Health Organization.

Crossroads of pain and addiction.

Abstract: Background. Despite the fact that chronic pain and addiction often coexist, few pain training programs offer significant experiential and didactic training in drug abuse and addiction. Similarly, addiction medicine programs often offer little training in pain management. What follows is a review of the intersection between these two specialties from the perspective of clinicians that practice both. Objective. The objective of this study was to review the historical backdrop, terminology, vulnerability, and neurobiology of addiction; explore the effects of drug, delivery system, timing, and environment on drug self-administration; and review strategies used in managing patients with coexisting addiction and chronic pain. Setting. The University of Florida has training programs in both pain management and addiction medicine. The collaboration of these two subspecialties has led to the development of a successful pain management clinic that manages difficult patients based on the strategies that are discussed. Conclusions. It is possible to successfully manage patients with coexisting chronic pain and addictive disorders. Addiction medicine and pain management training programs should offer didactic and experiential training in both subspecialties.