Showing papers on "Aerial image published in 1985"

Hypothesis integration in image understanding systems

Abstract: The goal of this research is to develop a robust control strategy for constructing image understanding systems (IUS). This paper proposes a general framework based on the integration of related hypotheses. Hypotheses are regarded as predictions of the occurrences of objects in the image. Related hypotheses are clustered together. A composite hypothesis is computed for each cluster. The goal of the IUS is to verify the hypotheses. We constructed an image understanding system, SIGMA, based on this framework and demonstrated its performance on an aerial image of a suburban housing development.

Condensing-image forming optical system for indirect ophthalmoscopy

Abstract: This invention pertains to a novel compact hand-held optical system whch is used both as a light condenser and as an aerial image former in the examination of the fundus of the eye with the indirect ophthalmoscope and with the slit lamp biomicroscope. The novel optical system has the unique feature that the aerial image of the fundus produced by it is upright rather than inverted as in the present state of the art with hand-held indirect ophthalmoscopy lenses. The novel optical system consists of three coaxial air-spaced double aspheric lenses which are so designed and positioned as to converge the illuminating light beam from the light source such that an image of said source is formed at the center of the pupil of the examined eye, the light then diverging from said image to illuminate the fundus of the eye. The light emerging from the eye through its pupil is then refracted by the novel optical system to form an upright aerial image of the fundus between the lens system and the indirect ophthalmoscope with which the upright aerial image is viewed, in a first embodiment of the invention, and between the lens system and the slit lamp biomicroscope with which the upright aerial image is viewed, in a second embodiment of the invention.

In situ measurement of an image during lithographic exposure

Abstract: This letter describes a method which can directly observe the aerial image of a lithographic exposure tool. Submicrometer resist structures, doped with a laser dye, are swept through the lithographic image as fluorescence is monitored. Experimental aerial image profiles are reported for a 5X reduction lens at varying focus parameters. The location of the fluorescent structures with respect to the image can be accurately determined to yield real-time overlay information.

Sinusoidal determination of limiting optical resolution

Abstract: An optical system limiting resolution determination arrangement employing sinusoidal intensity modulated bar pattern input stimuli including two sequences for determining the modulation transfer function (MTF) component of limiting resolution; one of these and the disclosed aerial image modulation (AIM) curve determination are based on sinusoidal intensity modulated bar patterns, while the other MTF determination uses a Heaviside edge function stimulus and a sinusoidally determined AIM curve. The disclosed limiting resolution is especially useful in the consideration of aerial image devices such as cameras.

Three dimensional display based on thick holographic phase components

Abstract: In many different fields of information processing, such as medical or aerial image processing, computer aided design or manufacturing (CAD/CAM), and flight simulation or control activities, there exists an increasing need for display of true three-dimensional data. In this paper a screen is proposed that composes a 3-D image from information of different depth planes (image slices). The angular selectivity of holographic elements in a thick phase material (such as dichromated gelatin) is used to combine the image slices, which are projected from different directions to a 3-D image. This screen has a high light efficiency, uses no mechanically moving parts, and can be addressed in real time. The principle of the setup will be described, and some preliminary results will be presented.

Model-Based Matching of Line Segments in Aerial Images

Abstract: An edge-oriented scheme for matching a sensed aerial image with a reterence Image will be proposed. The scheme will automatically extract linear line segments from the image. Each segments forms a high-level unit with two other segments in the neighborhood. Topological and geometrical features which are invariant under translation and rotation are defined. to derive the line mapping between the sensed and reference line segments. An iterative matching process with a root in the Shafer's mathematical theory of evidence is formulated- The whole process leads to a rather successful scene matching scheme.