Aging brain

About: Aging brain is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1255 publications have been published within this topic receiving 66405 citations.

Imaging and the aging brain

Abstract: Foreword: Mony J. De Leon. Part I: In Vivo Imaging of Molecules, Cells, and Networks in Aging and Animal Models of Alzheimer's:. 1. Making New Memories: The Role of the Hippocampus in New Associative Learning: Wendy A. Suzuki. 2. Anatomical and Functional Phenotyping of Mice Models of Alzheimer's Disease by MR Microscopy: Helene Benveniste, Yu Ma, Jasbeer Dhawan, Andrew Gifford, S. David Smith, Igor Feinstein, Congwu Du, Samuel C. Grant, and Patrick R. Hof. 3. Various Dendritic Abnormalities Are Associated with Fibrillar Amyloid Deposits in Alzheimer's Disease: Jaime Grutzendler, Kathryn Helmin, Julia Tsai, and Wen-Biao Gan. 4. Two-Photon Imaging of Astrocytic Ca2+ Signaling and the Microvasculature in Experimental Mice Models of Alzheimer's Disease: Takahiro Takano, Xiaoning Han, Rashid Deane, Berislav Zlokovic, and Maiken Nedergaard. 5. Synaptic and Mitochondrial Morphometry Provides Structural Correlates of Successful Brain Aging: Carlo Bertoni-Freddari, Patrizia Fattoretti, Belinda Giorgetti, Yessica Grossi, Marta Balietti, Tiziana Casoli, Giuseppina Di Stefano, and Gemma Perretta. 6. Impaired Recognition Memory and Decreased Prefrontal Cortex Spine Density in Aged Female Rats: Maureen Wallace, Maya Frankfurt, Adolfo Arellanos, Tomoko Inagaki, and Victoria Luine. 7. Alzheimer Amyloid beta-Peptide A-beta25 35 Blocks Adenylate Cyclase-Mediated Forms of Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation: Blaine E. Bisel, Kristen M. Henkins, and Karen D. Parfitt. 8. Age-Related Changes in Neuronal Susceptibility to Damage: Comparison of the Retinal Ganglion Cells of Young and Old Mice Before and After Optic Nerve Crush: Ai Ling Wang, Ming Yuan, and Arthur H. Neufeld. Part II: In Vivo Imaging of Human Aging and the Transition to Cognitive Impairment:. 9. Top-Down Modulation and Normal Aging: Adam Gazzaley and Mark D'Esposito. 10. Brain Aging and Its Modifiers: Insights from in Vivo Neuromorphometry and Susceptibility Weighted Imaging: Naftali Raz, Karen M. Rodrigue, and E. Mark Haacke. 11. Linking Brain Imaging and Genomics in the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and Aging: Eric M. Reiman. 12. Imaging and CSF Studies in the Preclinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: M. J. De Leon, L. Mosconi, K. Blennow, S. Desanti, R. Zinkowski, P. D. Mehta, D. Pratico, W. Tsui, L. A. Saint Louis, L. Sobanska, M. Brys, Y. Li, K. Rich, J. Rinne, and H. Rusinek. 13. Functional MRI Studies of Associative Encoding in Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease: Reisa Sperling. 14. Quantitative EEG and Electromagnetic Brain Imaging in Aging and in the Evolution of Dementia: Leslie S. Prichep. 15. [123I]5-IA-85380 SPECT Imaging of beta2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Availability in the Aging Human Brain: Effie M. Mitsis, Kelly P. Cosgrove, Julie K. Staley, Erin B. Frohlich, Frederic Bois, Gilles D. Tamagnan, Kristina M. Estok, John P. Seibyl, and Christopher H. Van Dyck. 16. Role of Aerobic Fitness and Aging on Cerebral White Matter Integrity: Bonita L. Marks, David J. Madden, Barbara Bucur, James M. Provenzale, Leonard E. White, Roberto Cabeza, and Scott A. Huettel. 17. Age-Related Changes in Nociceptive Processing in the Human Brain: Raimi L. Quiton, Steven R. Roys, Jiachen Zhuo, Michael L. Keaser, Rao P. Gullapalli, and Joel D. Greenspan. 18. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Environmental Toxicant Exposure: Marc G. Weisskopf. Part III: Diagnostic Applications of Imaging to Alzheimer's Disease:. 19. Tracking Alzheimer's Disease: Paul M. Thompson, Kiralee M. Hayashi, Rebecca A. Dutton, Ming-Chang Chiang, Alex D. Leow, Elizabeth R. Sowell, Greig De Zubicaray, James T. Becker, Oscar L. Lopez, Howard J. Aizenstein, and Arthur W. Toga. 20. Shifting Paradigms in Dementia: Toward Stratification of Diagnosis and Treatment Using MRI: Wiesje M. Van Der Flier, Frederik Barkhof, and Philip Scheltens. 21. Imaging-Guided Microarray: Isolating Molecular Profiles That Dissociate Alzheimer's Disease from Normal Aging: Ana Carolina Pereira, William Wu, and Scott A. Small. 22. Fibrillar and Oligomeric beta-Amyloid as Distinct Local Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: Michael C. Montalto, Gill Farrar, and Cristina Tan Hehir. 23. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Normal Appearing White Matter and Its Correlation with Cognitive Functioning in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: Juebin Huang and Alexander P. Auchus. 24. Enhanced Ryanodine-Mediated Calcium Release in Mutant PS1-Expressing Alzheimer's Mouse Models: Grace E. Stutzmann, Ian Smith, Antonella Caccamo, Salvatore Oddo, Ian Parker, and Frank Laferla. 25. Prospects for Prediction: Ethics Analysis of Neuroimaging in Alzheimer's Disease: J. Illes, A. Rosen, M. Greicius, and E. Racine. Index of Contributors.

Advanced Glycation End Product Formation in Human Cerebral Cortex Increases With Alzheimer-Type Neuropathologic Changes but Is Not Independently Associated With Dementia in a Population-Derived Aging Brain Cohort.

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for dementia, and nonenzymatic glycosylation of macromolecules results in formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). We determined the variation in AGE formation in brains from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study population-representative neuropathology cohort. AGEs were measured on temporal neocortex by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cell-type specific expression on neurons, astrocytes and endothelium was detected by immunohistochemistry and assessed semiquantitatively. Fifteen percent of the cohort had self-reported diabetes, which was not significantly associated with dementia status at death or neuropathology measures. AGEs were expressed on neurons, astrocytes and endothelium and overall expression showed a positively skewed distribution in the population. AGE measures were not significantly associated with dementia. AGE measured by ELISA increased with Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neurofibrillary tangle score (p = 0.03) and Thal Aβ phase (p = 0.04), while AGE expression on neurons (and astrocytes), detected immunohistochemically, increased with increasing Braak tangle stage (p < 0.001), CERAD tangle score (p = 0.002), and neuritic plaques (p = 0.01). Measures of AGE did not show significant associations with cerebral amyloid angiopathy, microinfarcts or neuroinflammation. In conclusion, AGE expression increases with Alzheimer's neuropathology, particular later stages but is not independently associated with dementia. AGE formation is likely to be important for impaired brain cell function in aging and Alzheimer's.

Development of Individual Variability in Brain Functional Connectivity and Capability across the Adult Lifespan

Abstract: Individual variability exists in both brain function and behavioral performance. However, changes in individual variability in brain functional connectivity and capability across adult development and aging have not yet been clearly examined. Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a large cohort of participants (543 adults, aged 18-88 years), brain functional connectivity was analyzed to characterize the spatial distribution and differences in individual variability across the adult lifespan. Results showed high individual variability in the association cortex over the adult lifespan, whereas individual variability in the primary cortex was comparably lower in the initial stage but increased with age. Individual variability was also negatively correlated with the strength/number of short-, medium-, and long-range functional connections in the brain, with long-range connections playing a more critical role in increasing global individual variability in the aging brain. More importantly, in regard to specific brain regions, individual variability in the motor cortex was significantly correlated with differences in motor capability. Overall, we identified specific patterns of individual variability in brain functional structure during the adult lifespan and demonstrated that functional variability in the brain can reflect behavioral performance. These findings advance our understanding of the underlying principles of the aging brain across the adult lifespan and suggest how to characterize degenerating behavioral capability using imaging biomarkers.

Music and the Aging Brain

Abstract: In a society that is getting considerably older, it becomes important to identify potential mechanisms promoting successful aging to prevent, limit, and rehabilitate cognitive and emotional impairments typical of normal or pathological aging. Music is a powerful stimulus able to modulate widespread brain activations. Recent research has increasingly considered music as a promising, stimulating training and rehabilitation tool for improving cognition and promoting well-being and social connection. This chapter provides an overview of recent research investigating music and aging. It first focuses on the effects of music in normal aging, both in terms of musical expertise and simple musical exposure, with an additional section being devoted to the underlying brain processes. The chapter then considers the principal music-based therapeutic approaches used in pathological aging. Finally, the chapter underlines the main limitations and open questions arising from the existing literature, and discusses possible future directions for research on music and the aging brain.