AIML

About: AIML is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 166 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5203 citations. The topic is also known as: Artificial Intelligence Markup Language.

ELIZA — a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine

Abstract: ELIZA is a program operating within the MAC time-sharing system of MIT which makes certain kinds of natural language conversation between man and computer possible. Input sentences are analyzed on the basis of decomposition rules which are triggered by key words appearing in the input text. Responses are generated by reassembly rules associated with selected decomposition rules. The fundamental technical problems with which ELIZA is concerned are: (1) the identification of key words, (2) the discovery of minimal context, (3) the choice of appropriate transformations, (4) generation of responses in the absence of key words, and (5) the provision of an editing capability for ELIZA “scripts”. A discussion of some psychological issues relevant to the ELIZA approach as well as of future developments concludes the paper.

Chatbots: are they really useful?

Abstract: Chatbots are computer programs that interact with users using natural lan- guages. This technology started in the 1960’s; the aim was to see if chatbot systems could fool users that they were real humans. However, chatbot sys- tems are not only built to mimic human conversation, and entertain users. In this paper, we investigate other applications where chatbots could be useful such as education, information retrival, business, and e-commerce. A range of chatbots with useful applications, including several based on the ALICE/AIML architecture, are presented in this paper.

The Anatomy of A.L.I.C.E.

Abstract: This paper is a technical presentation of Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity (ALICE) and Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML), set in context by historical and philosophical ruminations on human consciousness ALICE, the first AIML-based personality program, won the Loebner Prize as “the most human computer” at the annual Turing Test contests in 2000, 2001, and 2004 The program, and the organization that develops it, is a product of the world of free software More than 500 volunteers from around the world have contributed to her development This paper describes the history of ALICE and AIML-free software since 1995, noting that the theme and strategy of deception and pretense upon which AIML is based can be traced through the history of Artificial Intelligence research This paper goes on to show how to use AIML to create robot personalities like ALICE that pretend to be intelligent and selfaware The paper winds up with a survey of some of the philosophical literature on the question of consciousness We consider Searle’s Chinese Room, and the view that natural language understanding by a computer is impossible We note that the proposition “consciousness is an illusion” may be undermined by the paradoxes it apparently implies We conclude that ALICE does pass the Turing Test, at least, to paraphrase Abraham Lincoln, for some of the people some of the time

Chatbot for university related FAQs

Abstract: Chatbots are programs that mimic human conversation using Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is designed to be the ultimate virtual assistant, entertainment purpose, helping one to complete tasks ranging from answering questions, getting driving directions, turning up the thermostat in smart home, to playing one's favorite tunes etc. Chatbot has become more popular in business groups right now as they can reduce customer service cost and handles multiple users at a time. But yet to accomplish many tasks there is need to make chatbots as efficient as possible. To address this problem, in this paper we provide the design of a chatbot, which provides an efficient and accurate answer for any query based on the dataset of FAQs using Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML) and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). Template based and general questions like welcome/ greetings and general questions will be responded using AIML and other service based questions uses LSA to provide responses at any time that will serve user satisfaction. This chatbot can be used by any University to answer FAQs to curious students in an interactive fashion.

Using corpora in machine-learning chatbot systems

Abstract: A chatbot is a machine conversation system which interacts with human users via natural conversational language. Software to machine-learn conversational patterns from a transcribed dialogue corpus has been used to generate a range of chatbots speaking various languages and sublanguages including varieties of English, as well as French, Arabic and Afrikaans. This paper presents a program to learn from spoken transcripts of the Dialogue Diversity Corpus of English, the Minnesota French Corpus, the Corpus of Spoken Afrikaans, the Qur’an Arabic-English parallel corpus, and the British National Corpus of English; we discuss the problems which arose during learning and testing. Two main goals were achieved from the automation process. One was the ability to generate different versions of the chatbot in different languages, bringing chatbot technology to languages with few if any NLP resources: the corpus-based learning techniques transferred straightforwardly to develop chatbots for Afrikaans and Qur’anic Arabic. The second achievement was the ability to learn a very large number of categories within a short time, saving effort and errors in doing such work manually: we generated more than one million AIML categories or conversation-rules from the BNC corpus, 20 times the size of existing AIML rule-sets, and probably the biggest AI Knowledge-Base ever.